Develop Reference

Rotating towards a final rotation challenge

Consider this working script, that handles a FPS camera movement:
using UnityEngine;
public class CameraHandler : MonoBehaviour {
public Transform target;
float dragSpeed = 10f;
float lookAtSensitivity = 200f;
float xRot;
Transform parentGO;
private void Start() {
parentGO = transform.parent;
}
void goToPivot(Transform pivot) {
parentGO.position = Vector3.Lerp(transform.position, pivot.position, 0.05f);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Lerp(transform.rotation, pivot.rotation, 0.05f);
}
void resetCamRot() {
xRot = 0;
float yRot = transform.localEulerAngles.y;
parentGO.transform.eulerAngles += new Vector3(0, yRot, 0);
transform.localEulerAngles -= new Vector3(0, yRot, 0);
}
void LateUpdate() {
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Mouse1)) {
float touchX = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * lookAtSensitivity * Time.deltaTime;
float touchY = Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * lookAtSensitivity * Time.deltaTime;
xRot -= touchY;
xRot = Mathf.Clamp(xRot, -90f, 90f);
transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(xRot, 0f, 0f);
parentGO.transform.Rotate(Vector3.up * touchX);
}
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space)) {
goToPivot(target);
}
if (Input.GetKeyUp(KeyCode.Space)) {
resetCamRot();
}
}
}
Check how the rotations take place in different gameobjects in their respective axis, so that each of rotations are kept independent and everything works.
transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(xRot, 0f, 0f); //camera GO only rotates in local x
parentGO.transform.Rotate(Vector3.up * touchX); //parent GO only rotates in global y
Problem comes when I need to "force" the camera look a certain direction without the inputs, to the FPS movement rules break, and for example the camera gameobject rotates also in the Y xis. That is why I need to call the resetCamRot() method, and traspass the local rotation from the camera object to the parent so that the situation meets the the FPS movement requirements (no local Y axis rotation).
Without calling the resetCamRot() method, when the FPS movement starts on right mouse button click, the camera abruptly changes to the direction it was facing before "forcing" it with goToPivot that sets the position and the rotation.(Just commentinf the resetCamRot method out)
Although resetCamRot() does the work it feels a bit hacky, so is there another way to set the camera to a forced rotation maintaining the local rotation of the child object (where the camera is) to 0?
I thought of decomposing the next step rotation given by Quaternion.Lerp(transform.rotation, pivot.rotation, 0.05f); in the goToPivot() method in each of their respective axis and gameObjects as its done when the rotation is set from the input, to have a clean local Y rot in he camera gameobject each step. Seems to be the over-complicated thing in this case, but was not able to figure that out.
I you wish to try the script out for the challenge just need to add a parent gameobject to the camera and the attach the target in the editor.

This will make the camera look in the direction, the parent transform look in the direction, only flattened, and finally update the internal state (xRot) in accordance with the difference between the two:
void LookTowards(Vector3 direction) {
Vector3 flattened = direction;
flattened.y = 0f;
parentGo.rotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(flattened);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(direction);
xRot = Vector3.SignedAngle(flattened, direction, parentGo.right);
}

Restrict gameobject inside a radius around my player

I need to restrict my Players hand inside a radius around the character.
The game is 2D and the hand movement is basically exactly the same as: Madness Interactive (https://www.newgrounds.com/portal/view/118826)
[SerializeField] private float speed = 2f;
[SerializeField] private GameObject radiusCenter;
[SerializeField] private float radius = 0.5f;
void Start()
{
Cursor.visible = false;
}
void Update()
{
Vector3 playerPos = radiusCenter.transform.position;
Vector3 playerToHand = this.transform.position - playerPos;
var moveDirection = new Vector3(Input.GetAxis("Mouse X"), Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y"), 0);
float DistanceToRadius = Vector3.Distance(playerPos, playerToHand);
transform.position += moveDirection * speed * Time.deltaTime;
float angle = Mathf.Atan2(playerToHand.y, playerToHand.x) * Mathf.Rad2Deg;
transform.rotation = Quaternion.AngleAxis(angle, Vector3.forward);
}
I cant figure out the way to keep my players hand inside a set radius around my player, see pictures below for further explanation:
I thought maybe I could get a float value from playerPos and playerToHand and create a IF-statement that restricts the hand from going outside the set radius float, but I didnt get it to work...
EDIT 1: The hand is a child of my player. I use a gameObject in the center of my player as radiusCenter which my hand rotates around.

One very simple way to check if the hand is too far away is to use this line of code:
<movement code here>
if (Vector3.distance(playerPos, transform.position) > radius)
{
transform.localPosition = transform.localPosition.normalized * radius;
{
This will make it so if the hand will be outside the circle after the move, it will just put the hand on the circle.

How to rotate a game object in runtime in unity

How can I rotate something in unity in runtime?
I tried:
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(new Vector3(x,y,z));
,
transform.Rotate(x,y,z);
,
transform.eulerAngles = new Vector3(x,y,z)
Nothing I tried worked.

transform.Rotate (new Vector3 (0, 0, 45) * Time.deltaTime);
Visit this site, it will help you https://learn.unity.com/tutorial/collectable-objects#
sorry if I am wrong

To rotate a GameObject in Unity, the best way is using the Rotate function:
public float speed = 20f
public void Update()
{
transform.Rotate(Vector3.right * speed * Time.deltaTime);
}
With this code, your GameObject will rotate to the right, you can use Vector3.up or Vector3.forward.
If you only want to set a new rotation for your GameObject, change the localEulerAngles of the transform component:
transform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3(x, y, z);

If you want to rotate to a certain position, I recommend using:
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(Vector3.forward * degrees);

rotation to original position in unity 3d

I was making a game where there is a plane which I control using the wasd keys, it rotates and translates. Up-to that its fine, but I would like the plane to re-align to its original rotation when I lift the key. The code I made up is this but it doesn't work. The plane realigns for only one frame and then "misaligned" again . This is the code -**
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class planemovement : MonoBehaviour
{
public int fspeed = 10;
float horizontal; float zrot;
float vertical; float yrot;
public float sense; public int lim = 0;
void Start()
{
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update()
{
float rotz = Input.GetAxis("Vertical"); float roty = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * fspeed * Time.deltaTime);
transform.Translate(Vector3.right * sense * Time.deltaTime * horizontal*20f);
transform.Translate(Vector3.up * sense * Time.deltaTime * vertical);
zrot -= rotz;
yrot -= roty;
zrot = Mathf.Clamp(zrot, -lim, lim);
yrot = Mathf.Clamp(yrot, -lim, lim);
transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(zrot, 0f, yrot);
}
}

Rotation in Unity C# is usually quite wonky, the only time it is exact is when you use Quaternions properly.
public Quaternion startQuaternion;
void Start() {
startQuaternion = transform.rotation;
}
//when you want to reset to original
transform.rotation = startQuaternion;
https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Quaternion.html

I don't quite understand, but if you using a rigidbody, you can try using "Quaternion.Lerp" and MoveRotation.
Quaternion.Lerp has three parameters and creates a rotation from point A to B, with a speed ugual to T (T goes from 0 to 1).
var currentRot = transform.rotation
var desired Rot = rotation on which the plane must be aligned
Quaternion RotPlane = Quaternion.Lerp (currentRot, desiredRot, 0.5)
MoveRotation(RotPlane)
You can use an if (Input.GetKeyUp) and put the script underneath it, so every time you release the buttons the plane returns to the desired rotation.

Tilt first person camera's z axis while turning

I am working on controls for a bipedal tank, that has a boost/dash feature.
When the boost/dash mode is activated by holding a button the tank changes from a traditional WASD strafing movement to something like a jet fighter but on ground.
Now when the player tries to turn while boosting the camera needs to tilt with the turning direction to make it feel smoother.
Here is a video clip showing my problem
This is the script added to the main camera
public class PlayerCameraTilt : MonoBehaviour
{
private Camera viewCam;
private CharacterController characterController;
public float tiltAmount = 10f;
private void Start()
{
viewCam = GetComponent<Camera>();
characterController = GetComponentInParent<CharacterController>();
}
private void Update()
{
if (characterController.GetComponent<PlayerController>().movementState == MovementModes.boost)
{
float inputValue = Input.GetAxis("MoveHorizontal") * tiltAmount;
Vector3 euler = transform.localEulerAngles;
euler.z = Mathf.Lerp(euler.z, -inputValue, 5f * Time.deltaTime);
transform.localEulerAngles = euler;
}
else
{
Vector3 euler = transform.localEulerAngles;
euler.z = Mathf.Lerp(euler.z, 0f, 5f * Time.deltaTime);
transform.localEulerAngles = euler;
}
}
}
It kind of works, BUT only in one rotation direction, namely the positive one. If i turn the other way the angle becomes negative and does a whole 360 degree rotation until it ends up at 0 degrees.
I tried around with the built in Quaternion methods like Quaternion.Rotate() or Quaternion.AngleAxis()
but they didn't work because Quaternion.Rotate() doesn't tilt the Camera but completely rotates it. Quaternion.AngleAxis() works with the whole tilt angle limit but also does something to the other axis which i don't want to modify.
Is there a way to prevent the camera from doing a complete 360° rotation when the axis input becomes negative and just tilt in a slight angle?

Wraparound issues aside, the z component is "applied" first among the euler components, so I wouldn't modify it directly like that in this application.
Instead, I would convert the input to an angle to lean, rotate the direction of the local up before localRotation is applied (Quaternion.Inverse(transform.localRotation) * transform.up) by that angle, then use Quaternion.LookRotation to find a rotation with the current forward and that up, then use Quaternion.Slerp to slerp toward that rotation:
private void Update()
{
if (characterController.GetComponent<PlayerController>().movementState == MovementModes.boost)
{
float inputValue = Input.GetAxis("MoveHorizontal") * tiltAmount;
Vector3 upOfParent = Quaternion.Inverse(transform.localRotation) * transform.up;
Vector3 upDir = Quaternion.AngleAxis(-inputValue, transform.forward) * upOfParent;
Quaternion goalRot = Quaternion.LookRotation(transform.forward, upDir);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(transform.rotation, goalRot, 5f * Time.deltaTime);
}
else
{
float inputValue = Input.GetAxis("MoveHorizontal") * tiltAmount;
Vector3 upOfParent = Quaternion.Inverse(transform.localRotation) * transform.up;
Quaternion goalRot = Quaternion.LookRotation(transform.forward, upOfParent);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(transform.rotation, goalRot, 5f * Time.deltaTime);
}
}
Just keep in mind that using t = 5f * Time.deltaTime for lerp/slerp operations does not always guarantee that the output will ever equal the to parameter.