How to create collisions for a flying camera in Unity 3d? to prevent the camera from falling into objects on the scene. My camera script snippet:
public class FlyCamera : MonoBehaviour
{
void FixedUpdate()
{
if (!isAlternative)
SetCameraMovement();
}
private void SetCameraMovement()
{
lastMouse = Input.mousePosition - lastMouse;
lastMouse = new Vector3(-lastMouse.y * camSens, lastMouse.x * camSens, 0);
lastMouse = new Vector3(transform.eulerAngles.x + lastMouse.x, transform.eulerAngles.y + lastMouse.y, 0);
if (Input.GetMouseButton(1))
transform.eulerAngles = lastMouse;
lastMouse = Input.mousePosition;
GetBaseInput();
transform.position = Vector3.Lerp(transform.position, NewPosition, Time.deltaTime * movementTime);
}
private void GetBaseInput()
{
Speed = Input.GetKey(KeyCode.LeftShift) ? superSpeed : mainSpeed;
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.W))
NewPosition += transform.forward * Speed;
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.S))
NewPosition += transform.forward * -Speed;
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.A))
NewPosition += transform.right * -Speed;
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.D))
NewPosition += transform.right * Speed;
}
}
If you want to achieve a RTS-like flying camera, you can set the camera to a parent dolly-like object and keep it looking at that object:
Object (Camera Dolly) -> this is moved by wasd and is rotated to the desired view angle
Child object: Camera -> only the camera's position.y is ever changed
Then, on a custom script on the dolly in Update(), send a LineCast from the dolly to the camera. When the cast hits a collider (important to use e.g. tags here so it does not collide with anything, like e.g. units) in the world, gradually (over time) reduce the camera's position.y and if nothing is hit, gradually increase it to the desired height. It will not entirely prevent the camera from clipping trough bigger objects but move it so it doesn't stay "inside" a collider. Something like that is also typically used in RPG third person cameras.
Please let me know if more clarification is needed!
Edit: I'd do that only for really big view-blocking objects though, not for the terrain or smaller buildings/units - at least if your goal is more of an RTS or sim game.
Edit2: In a solar system setting, it is a bit more complicated. A few options:
Before translating the camera, do a SphereCast (in the desired (final) movement direction with sphere radius of minimum allowed distance to any object) against all celestial object SphereColliders and set your "NewPosition" to the nearest hitPoint minus the desired minimum allowed distance to a celestial object. Also add some margin here, so the camera doesn't get stuck. This would be a continuous collision detection approach.
Everytime after translating the camera , do a CheckSphere (sphere radius is allowed minium distance to any object) against all celestial objects and as long as there is any hitpoint, lerp the camera position out of it over time. This is a "softer" looking approach, but if you fly very fast, it can still clip into something.
You can savely do both in LateUpdate().
Better put you camera movement in the LateUpdate() as adviced in the docs.
With a rigidbody and a collider properly set for the collision detection. Check docs so that you can detect the collisions properly.
Check that " Notes: Collision events are only sent if one of the colliders also has a non-kinematic rigidbody attached", so your camera could be one gameObject with no rigidbody, so that you can fly free and collide.
I case you might need physics behaviour for yout camera and you want it also to behave as a rigidbody I would set the camera movement with rigidbody.SetPosition instead of with transform.position = new Vector3(), as you need to choose to set the transform in the geometric or the physics world.
Also you would need to uncheck the gravity option not to fall.
Related
I'm currently creating a 2D top down game with neural network controlled enemies. I am using the rigidbody2d to control their movement but when they bump into eachother they go straight through and don't collide. Please help! the code if below (output[] are the outputs from the nn):
void Start()
{
myRigidbody = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
}
void FixedUpdate()
{
outputs = GenerateOutputs();
Debug.Log(outputs[0]+"||"+outputs[1]);
currentRotation = outputs[0] * rotationSpeed;
myRigidbody.MoveRotation(myRigidbody.rotation + currentRotation);
currentSpeed = ((outputs[1] + 1) / 2) * speed;
Vector2 velocity = transform.up * currentSpeed;
myRigidbody.MovePosition(myRigidbody.position + velocity);
}
Here is the Rigidbody2d/CircleColider2D setup:
Here is the layer collision matrix (the enemies are on the 'Predator' layer:
You need to make the RigidBody2d have a BodyType of "Dynamic". This will allow the physics to take control.
I'm not sure of your exact control model, however, you may run into an issue with multiple objects using that FixedUpdate code. MoveRotation and MovePosition will affect physics objects and be affected by physics (kind of). However, since they are setting the position and rotation, the objects with that code won't dynamically bounce around. You would want to use AddForce and AddTorque if you want everything bouncing around.
I just started with unity and followed thair 2D UFO example project.
In an effort to extend it, I came up with a quirky way of contolling my Player.
It always moves in circular paths and once I click a button, the circle's direction changes and the imaginary circle center is tanslated as shown in the picture below. That allows you to move in a figure 8 or S shape pattern and is quite fun.
However, once I figured out how to do this motion, the player object did not have any collision detection anymore.
In the original example the whole movemet handling is done within FixedUpdate(). I, however, use Update() since the former does not seem to work at all with my code (i.e. no movement at all).
This is my code for the movement so far:
public class ControlledRotation : MonoBehaviour
{
public float radius = 3f;
public float speed = 3f;
private float timeCounter = 0;
private float direction = 1f;
private Vector3 offset;
private Rigidbody2D rb2d;
void Start()
{
offset = transform.position;
}
void Update()
{
if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.RightArrow))
{
//change the offset from the circle center and the rotation direction on keypress
offset += new Vector3(Mathf.Cos(timeCounter), Mathf.Sin(timeCounter), 0) * radius * direction * 2;
direction *= -1;
}
timeCounter += Time.deltaTime * direction * speed;
transform.position = new Vector3(Mathf.Cos(timeCounter), Mathf.Sin(timeCounter)) * radius * direction + offset;
}
}
The Plyer object has a Rigidbody 2D and a Circle Collider 2D. The walles it should collide with have Box Collider 2D. Yet, the UFO can simply pass the walls.
I assume a probable cause in the fact that I simply change transform.position or since im using Update/FixedUpdate wrong.
If you happen to have any advice on how I can keep my chosen movement control mechanism and still be able to collide with objects, I'd highly appreciate it :)
Edit:
I feel I need to go with using the rigidbody and applying some force... but I haven't figured out how to reproduce this movement with forces and also forces seem to not be super crisp in response
When you need to move an object that has a Rigidbody, you need to move it using forces, you cannot do it with just transform.position, it ignores physics. that's why you cannot detect the collision.. I suggest you move it like that. I have some examples when I had to move a character that needed to interact with physics.
gameObject.GetComponent<Rigidbody>().velocity = Vector3.zero;
And this one is for moving it in certain directions:
//Keys for controlling the player (move and shoot) only when he's alive
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.UpArrow) && alive)
{
GetComponent<Rigidbody>().MovePosition(transform.position + Vector3.forward * Time.deltaTime * 4);
}
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.DownArrow) && alive)
{
GetComponent<Rigidbody>().MovePosition(transform.position + Vector3.back * Time.deltaTime * 4);
}
I hope it helps.. greetings :)
The problem is that i cannot make a script that makes the enemy rotate so that "up" is pointing against the player, (with that i mean so that it will come to the player with transform.up) And i have not found any working solution yet, (from what i can tell)
I am trying to make a small 2D game, just for my friends to play. What i have tried is making the enemy look at the player and then set the "z" rotation to the same as the "x" rotation and after that reset the "x" and "y" rotation (so that "up" is pointing at the player). But the enemy just goes straight up.
using UnityEngine;
public class Enemy : MonoBehaviour
{
public Transform Player; // The Transform of the Player that you can controll
public float MoveSpeed = 4; // How fast the enemy should go
void FixedUpdate()
{
transform.LookAt(Player);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(transform.rotation.x, 0, transform.rotation.x);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0, 0, transform.rotation.z);
transform.position += transform.up * MoveSpeed * Time.deltaTime;
}
}
So what i want to happen is that the Enemy will move to the Player but the rotation part is not working and it just goes straight up in the air instead of following the player. I might just be stupid and have missed something simple...
By using
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(transform.rotation.x, 0, transform.rotation.x);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0, 0, transform.rotation.z);
both times you overwrite the rotation with new values additionally mixing Euler (Vector3) with Quaternion fields ... transform.rotation.x is not the pure rotation around the X-axis you see in the Unity inspector.
It depends a bit on how exactly you want the enemy rotated in the end but you could simply use Transform.RotateAround like
transform.LookAt(Player);
transform.RotateAround(transform.position, transform.right, 90);
LookAt by default results in a rotation such that transform.forward is pointing at the target, transform.right remains pointing right(ish) and transform.up remains pointing up(ish). So all you have to do is rotating around that local X-axis transform.right exactly 90° so now transform.forward points down instead and transform.up points at the target.
which results in
If you than also want to change the other axis you can still additionally rotate it around the local transform.up axis as well e.g. to flip the forward vector "upwards":
transform.LookAt(Player);
transform.RotateAround(transform.position, transform.right, 90);
transform.RotateAround(transform.position, transform.up, 180);
Is there actually a special reason why you are doing that in FixedUpdate and not rather in Update? FixedUpdate should only be used for Physics related stuff.
(For Unity 5.3.5f1)
Right now I am working on a 3D camera that is orbiting horizontally around the player. The player is a RigidBody rolling sphere. The player can freely rotate the axis horizontally but when there is no input I want the rotation to reset back to the direction of the velocity.
Right now all I need to know is how to situate the camera behind the player's direction of velocity by rotating the camera around the player from its previous rotation.
Here is a crude drawing of what I am looking for:
Currently to update the camera to orbit around the player I use this script on the camera (with comments):
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class example : MonoBehaviour {
public GameObject Player;
//I assume you would use this PlayerRB to find data regarding the movement or velocity of the player.
//public Rigidbody PlayerRB;
private float moveHorizontalCamera;
private Vector3 offset;
// Use this for initialization
void Start ()
{ //the offset of the camera to the player
offset = new Vector3(Player.transform.position.x - transform.position.x, transform.position.y - Player.transform.position.y, transform.position.z - Player.transform.position.z);
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update ()
{
moveHorizontalCamera = Input.GetAxis("Joy X"); //"Joy X" is my right joystick moving left, none, or right resulting in -1, 0, or 1 respectively
//Copied this part from the web, so I half understand what it does.
offset = Quaternion.AngleAxis(moveHorizontalCamera, Vector3.up) * offset;
transform.position = Player.transform.position + offset;
transform.LookAt(Player.transform.position);
}
}
Any help at all would be great!
I would suggest you use Vector3.RotateTowards (https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Vector3.RotateTowards.html)
You take the Vector that is currently pointing from the Player to the camera (transform.position - Player.transform.position) and rotate it towards -Player.GetComponent<Rigidbody>().velocity.normalized * desiredDistance (the vector pointing in the opposite direction of the players velocity with magnitude corresponding the desired distance of the camera to the player). You can then use Vector3.RotateTowards to rotate the camera (smoothly or immediately) around the Player by setting the cameras position accordingly.
Something like:
transform.position = Player.transform.position + Vector3.RotateTowards(transform.position - Player.transform.position, -Player.GetComponent<Rigidbody>().velocity.normalized * desiredDistance, step, .0f);
where step if the angle update in radians. (Note: you should avoid calling GetComponent<Rigidbody>() every Update. You are better off storing it somewhere)
I hope I understood your question correctly and this helps.
I'm making a basic 2D space shooter game in unity. I have the movements working fine and the camera follows the player. I've been scratching my head over how to give the camera a slight delay from the player moving to the camera moving to catch up to it without it teleporting. I was told to use a Vector3.Lerp and tried a few things from stackoverflow answers but none seemed to work with the way my code is set up. Any suggestions?
(myTarget is linked to the player)
public class cameraFollower : MonoBehaviour {
public Transform myTarget;
void Update () {
if(myTarget != null){
Vector3 targPos = myTarget.position;
targPos.z = transform.position.z;
transform.position = targPos;
}
}
}
If you linear interpolate (Lerp) you risk that Time.deltaTime * speed > 1 in which case the camera will start to extrapolate. That is, instead of following it will get in front if your target.
An alternative is to use pow in your linear interpolation.
float speed = 2.5f;
float smooth = 1.0f - Mathf.Pow(0.5f, Time.deltaTime * speed);
transform.position = Vector3.Lerp(transform.position, targetPos, smooth);
Mathf.Pow(0.5, time) means that after 1/speed second, half of the distance to the target point will be travelled.
The idea with Lerping camera movement is to gradually and smoothly have the camera make its way to the target position.
The further away the camera is, the bigger the distance it will travel per frame, but the closer the camera is, the distance per frame becomes smaller, making the camera ease into its target position.
As an example, try replacing your transform.position = targPos; line with:
float speed = 2.5f; // Set speed to whatever you'd like
transform.position = Vector3.Lerp(transform.position, targPos, Time.deltaTime * speed);