Develop Reference

Camera rotation system isn't orientating itself properly

public GameObject player;
public Rigidbody rb;
private Vector3 offset;
public Vector3 minCamAngle;
public Vector3 maxCamAngle;
void Start()
{
rb = player.GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
offset = transform.position - player.transform.position;
}
// Update is called once per frame
void LateUpdate()
{
Quaternion desiredRotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(new Vector3(Mathf.Clamp(rb.velocity.x, minCamAngle.x, maxCamAngle.x), Mathf.Clamp(rb.velocity.y, minCamAngle.y, maxCamAngle.y), Mathf.Clamp(rb.velocity.z, minCamAngle.z, maxCamAngle.z)));
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(transform.rotation, desiredRotation, Time.deltaTime);
transform.position = player.transform.position + offset;
}
This is the code i'm using to rotate the camera based on the players velocity except when i set the minimum and maximum x rotation angle to 34 the camera always sets its rotation to an X rotation of -65.61 at the start of the game. I'm not sure what is happening and some help would be appreciated, Thanks.

Rotating towards a final rotation challenge

Consider this working script, that handles a FPS camera movement:
using UnityEngine;
public class CameraHandler : MonoBehaviour {
public Transform target;
float dragSpeed = 10f;
float lookAtSensitivity = 200f;
float xRot;
Transform parentGO;
private void Start() {
parentGO = transform.parent;
}
void goToPivot(Transform pivot) {
parentGO.position = Vector3.Lerp(transform.position, pivot.position, 0.05f);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Lerp(transform.rotation, pivot.rotation, 0.05f);
}
void resetCamRot() {
xRot = 0;
float yRot = transform.localEulerAngles.y;
parentGO.transform.eulerAngles += new Vector3(0, yRot, 0);
transform.localEulerAngles -= new Vector3(0, yRot, 0);
}
void LateUpdate() {
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Mouse1)) {
float touchX = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * lookAtSensitivity * Time.deltaTime;
float touchY = Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * lookAtSensitivity * Time.deltaTime;
xRot -= touchY;
xRot = Mathf.Clamp(xRot, -90f, 90f);
transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(xRot, 0f, 0f);
parentGO.transform.Rotate(Vector3.up * touchX);
}
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space)) {
goToPivot(target);
}
if (Input.GetKeyUp(KeyCode.Space)) {
resetCamRot();
}
}
}
Check how the rotations take place in different gameobjects in their respective axis, so that each of rotations are kept independent and everything works.
transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(xRot, 0f, 0f); //camera GO only rotates in local x
parentGO.transform.Rotate(Vector3.up * touchX); //parent GO only rotates in global y
Problem comes when I need to "force" the camera look a certain direction without the inputs, to the FPS movement rules break, and for example the camera gameobject rotates also in the Y xis. That is why I need to call the resetCamRot() method, and traspass the local rotation from the camera object to the parent so that the situation meets the the FPS movement requirements (no local Y axis rotation).
Without calling the resetCamRot() method, when the FPS movement starts on right mouse button click, the camera abruptly changes to the direction it was facing before "forcing" it with goToPivot that sets the position and the rotation.(Just commentinf the resetCamRot method out)
Although resetCamRot() does the work it feels a bit hacky, so is there another way to set the camera to a forced rotation maintaining the local rotation of the child object (where the camera is) to 0?
I thought of decomposing the next step rotation given by Quaternion.Lerp(transform.rotation, pivot.rotation, 0.05f); in the goToPivot() method in each of their respective axis and gameObjects as its done when the rotation is set from the input, to have a clean local Y rot in he camera gameobject each step. Seems to be the over-complicated thing in this case, but was not able to figure that out.
I you wish to try the script out for the challenge just need to add a parent gameobject to the camera and the attach the target in the editor.

This will make the camera look in the direction, the parent transform look in the direction, only flattened, and finally update the internal state (xRot) in accordance with the difference between the two:
void LookTowards(Vector3 direction) {
Vector3 flattened = direction;
flattened.y = 0f;
parentGo.rotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(flattened);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(direction);
xRot = Vector3.SignedAngle(flattened, direction, parentGo.right);
}

UNITY - Shoot Projectile on the direction of where the gun is facing

I Have a gun that spawn a projectile that bounces of colliders (a Ricochet). It is supposed to be shooting to the direction of where the gun is facing but what I am getting is the projectile always shoots 45 degrees upwards to the right I know this is because of my constant declared vector 2.
I tried using Vector2.up but it prevents the projectile to do the ricochet effect because it always wants to go upwards.
How should I implement those things? I just want the projectile to shoot to the direction where my gun is facing and bounces of on colliders. This is a 2D game btw. I have my codes attached below so you can see. Thanks!
Projectile Script:
private Rigidbody2D rb;
public static bool canMove = true;
void Start()
{
rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
rb.velocity = new Vector2(10f, 10f);
}
void Update()
{
//transform.Translate(Vector2.up * speed * Time.deltaTime);
if (canMove)
{
rb.isKinematic = false;
}
else if (!canMove)
{
rb.isKinematic = true;
}
}
Gun Script:
float offset = -90f;
public GameObject projectile;
public Transform shotPoint;
public GameObject child;
void Start()
{
}
void Update()
{
Vector3 diff = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(Input.mousePosition) - transform.position;
float rotZ = Mathf.Atan2(diff.y, diff.x) * Mathf.Rad2Deg;
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0f, 0f, rotZ + offset);
if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0))
{
Instantiate(projectile, shotPoint.position, transform.rotation);
Projectile.canMove = true;
}
}

The Rigodbody.velocity is in World-Space coordinates.
When you pass in
rb.velocity = new Vector2(10f, 10f);
it will go in world space 10 in X and 10 in Y direction.
In order to pass it in as local coordinates in general you can not always rely on Tramsform.InverseTransformDirection as suggested here since the Transform component. In this specific case it might work but in general you set velocities in FixedUpdate and in that moment the Transform component might not be updated yet!
But the Rigidbody2D component is so in general you can use Rigidbody2D.GetRelativeVector in order to convert a local vector relative to the Rigidbody into world coordinates:
// Might also be Vector.up depending on your setup
rb.velocity = rb.GetRelativeVector(Vector2.right * speed);
Note: it would be better you make
[SerializeField] private Rigidbody2D rb;
and already reference it via the Inspector. Then you can get rid of the expensive GetComponent call.

Because you are telling it to do so.
rb.velocity = new Vector2(10f, 10f);
10 to the right, and 10 upwards.
Unless your projectile has a constant force applied to it, like a missile, get rid of everything related to forces or velocity in the projectile script. It will do you no good.
Then, on the gun script:
//...
if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0)) {
var projectileInstance = Instantiate(projectile, shotPoint.position, transform.rotation);
var rigidbody = projectileInstance.GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
rigidbody.velocity = transform.TransformDirection(yourDirectionVector);
Projectile.canMove = true;
}
Where Transform.TransformDirection is what makes yourDirectionVector, which is a direction relative to the gun, be transformed into one relative to world-space.

Camera follow the player only on his Z axis Unity 3D

I made the script bellow for the camera to follow the player, but I don't want it to follow him on his X axis. So it should follow the player smoothly only on his Z axis. Any suggestions?
Camera Script:
public Transform Ball;
public float SmoothSpeed = 0.125f;
public Vector3 offset;
bool MoveCamera = true;
void Start () {
}
public void FixedUpdate () {
if(MoveCamera == true){
Vector3 desiredPosition = Ball.position + offset;
Vector3 SmoothedPosition = Vector3.Lerp(transform.position, desiredPosition, SmoothSpeed);
transform.position = SmoothedPosition;
}
if (transform.position.z >= 2f)
{
MoveCamera = false;
}
}

What about only changing the z component?
public void FixedUpdate () {
if(MoveCamera == true){
Vector3 desiredPosition = new Vector3(0, Ball.position.y + offset.y, Ball.position.z + offset.z);
Vector3 SmoothedPosition = Vector3.Lerp(transform.position, desiredPosition, SmoothSpeed);
transform.position = SmoothedPosition;
}
if (transform.position.z >= 2f)
{
MoveCamera = false;
}
}

public gameObject toFollow;
Vector3 camDistance;
public void Start(){
camDistance = toFollow.transform.position-Camera.main.position;
}
public void Update(){
Vector3 following = new Vector3(Camera.main.x,Camera.main.z,toFollow.transform.position.z-Camera.main.position.z);
Camera.main.transform.position = following;
}
i just threw this together so it may require a few tweaks, but it should get you where you need to go. alternatively.... you can add a rigidbody to the camera, and in the inspector tick the boxes for constraints on the x and y axis. this will allow it to move only on the z (if you go this route remember to turn of the gravity for the cameras rigidbody as well)

Anybody in 2019 need a camera to be offset a specific position from their 3d character? Here is an easy solution! Attach this script to the camera you want to follow the player. Select the player as your target in the Unity editor.
This script sets the new position of the camera to
(EDIT: Where did the LaTeX go?)
$v = <targetPosition.x + xOffset, targetPosition.y + yOffset, targetPosition.z + zOffset>$
Benefits of this script:
Camera orientation does not change, even if character turns (because camera is not parented to the player).
Works regardless of player position
Limitations:
- Because camera orientation is fixed, you need to make sure that your character is not obscured by scenery.
- This style of camera control is best-suited for a 3rd person orthographic projection.
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class CameraController : MonoBehaviour
{
public Transform target;
Vector3 targetPos;
void Update()
{
targetPos = target.position;
transform.position = new Vector3(targetPos.x + 10f, targetPos.y + 8.571067812f, targetPos.z - 10f);
// transform.LookAt(target.transform);
}
}
My use-case required an orthographic projection. Orthographic angles are usually at a 30 degree angle of declination, so my offset is back 10 units, over 10 units, and up half that hypotenuse (that is, up 10*sqrt2 * 1/2). I also bumped the y-position up by the character's height (1.5 units), which I thought would give a better center for the camera target. This gives a y-offset of about 8.571067812.

Shooting a projectile but goes in wrong direction - 2D game

I am trying to make a simple game where I am shooting a projectile when the user touches the screen, I first spawn 8 projectiles (sprites) and when the user touches the screen I would like the top projectile to fly in the touch direction. I was able to do this; However, every time I shoot, the projectile goes in the wrong direction, here is an image which will illustrate the issue.
Obviously the image is still here but the object will continue flying until it goes out of the screen and then gets destroyed.
Here is the code snippet that handles this
GameplayController.cs
if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0))
{
Vector3 position = new Vector3(Input.mousePosition.x, Input.mousePosition.y, 0);
position = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(position);
GameObject target;
target = new GameObject();
target.transform.position = position;
Arrow comp = currentArrows[0].GetComponent<Arrow>();
comp.setTarget(target.transform);
comp.GetComponent<Arrow>().arrowSpeed = 12;
comp.GetComponent<Arrow>().shoot = true;
currentArrows.RemoveAt(0);
Destroy(target);
}
I know I am getting the mouse input here and not the phone touch and that's fine for me, later I will convert it to the touch input.
Arrow.cs
public bool shoot = false;
public float arrowSpeed = 0.0f;
public Vector3 myDir;
public float speed = 30.0f;
private Transform target;
// Use this for initialization
void Start () {
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update () {
if(shoot)
{
transform.position += transform.right * arrowSpeed * Time.deltaTime;
}
}
public void setTarget(Transform targetTransform)
{
this.target = targetTransform;
Vector3 vectorToTarget = target.position - transform.position;
float angle = Mathf.Atan2(vectorToTarget.y, vectorToTarget.x) * Mathf.Rad2Deg;
Quaternion q = Quaternion.AngleAxis(angle, Vector3.forward);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(transform.rotation, q, Time.deltaTime * speed);
}
private void OnBecameInvisible()
{
print("Disappeared");
Destroy(gameObject);
Gameplay.instance.isShooting = false;
}

Vector3 position = new Vector3(Input.mousePosition.x, Input.mousePosition.y, 0);
I think that your problem is that you're getting the screen coordinates by click, not the world coordinates, which is actually two different things. In order to direct your projectile correctly you need to convert your screen coordinates to world like it's done here.
The next thing is how you move the projectile:
transform.position += transform.right * arrowSpeed * Time.deltaTime;
You're moving the projectile to the right and then rotating it somehow. Maybe you should try to move it with Vector3.Lerp, which will be easier and rotate it with Transform.LookAt.