Develop Reference

Button doesn't trigger command with parameter

I have a bad time trying to pass a parameter to a command.
I have the following in XAML code:
<Button Text="{Binding ButtonText}" x:Name="btnCaptureNegotiation" BackgroundColor="#3276b1"
TextColor="White" Clicked="OnCaptureNegotiationClicked"
CommandParameter="{Binding Client, Path=cod_cte}" Command="{Binding LoadULastNegotiationCommand}" ></Button>
<StackLayout Orientation="Vertical" x:Name="captureLayout" IsVisible="{Binding IsVisible}">
<!-- more code -->
And in code-behind I binded like this:
public Client client;
public NegociationVM negotiation = new NegotiationVM();
public ClientItemPage(Client client)
{
this.client = client;
negotiation.Client = client; //STOP WORKING after adding this line
InitializeComponent();
captureLayout.BindingContext = negotiation;
btnCaptureNegotiation.BindingContext = negotiation;
}
private void OnCaptureNegotiationClicked(object sender, EventArgs args)
{
negotiation.IsVisible = !negotiation.IsVisible;
}
...
And NegotiationVM class:
public class NegotiationVM : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private bool _isVisible = false;
private string _buttonText = "Capturar Seguimiento";
private Client _client;
public Client Client{
get { return _client; }
set {
if (this._client != value)
_client = value;
NotifyPropertyChanged("Client");
}
}
private Models.NegotiationRepository _negotiationRepo;
public ICommand LoadULastNegotiationCommand { get; private set; }
public int LoadLasNegotiationResult { get; private set; }
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
public NegotiationVM(){
LoadULastNegotiationCommand = new Command<string (LoadLastNegotiationAsync);
}
private void NotifyPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
if (PropertyChanged != null)
{
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
async void LoadLastNegotiationAsync(string value)
{
_negotiationRepo = new Models.NegotiationRepository();
LoadLasNegotiationResult = await _negotiationRepo.GetLastNegotiationActiveAsync(value);
NotifyPropertyChanged("LoadLastNegotiationAsync");
}
public bool IsVisible
{
get
{
return _isVisible;
}
set
{
if (this._isVisible != value)
_isVisible = value;
if (this._isVisible){
this.ButtonText = "Cancel";
}else{
this.ButtonText = "Capture Negotation";
}
NotifyPropertyChanged("IsVisible");
}
}
public string ButtonText {
get
{
return _buttonText;
}
set
{
if (this._buttonText != value)
_buttonText = value;
NotifyPropertyChanged("ButtonText");
}
}
}
I found that the command is fired and tries to get resource from service, but I get 404 because I found that is not sending a parameter, I just put a breakpoint in async void LoadLastNegotiationAsync(string value) method to find that.
Because it wasn't sending anything, In code-behind Page, in the public constructor, I set the Client to the property of the same name in negotation (instance of NegotiationVM). As the comment suggest, the command STOP working and never gets fired by the button just by adding that line.
What is wrong with that binding? How can I properly send the string property of that Client?

If Cliente has a property named cod_cte. bind like so:
CommandParameter="{Binding Cliente.cod_cte}"
If the property is named Client rather than Cliente, omit the trailing e on Cliente:
CommandParameter="{Binding Client.cod_cte}"

Force INotifyDataErrorInfo validation

I have implemented INotifyDataErrorInfo exactly as described in the following link:
http://blog.micic.ch/net/easy-mvvm-example-with-inotifypropertychanged-and-inotifydataerrorinfo
I have a TextBox which is bound to a string property in my model.
XAML
<TextBox Text="{Binding FullName,
ValidatesOnNotifyDataErrors=True,
NotifyOnValidationError=True,
UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
Model
private string _fullName;
public string FullName
{
get { return _fullName; }
set
{
// Set raises OnPropertyChanged
Set(ref _fullName, value);
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_fullName))
AddError(nameof(FullName), "Name required");
else
RemoveError(nameof(FullName));
}
}
INotifyDataError Code
private Dictionary<string, List<string>> _errors = new Dictionary<string, List<string>>();
public event EventHandler<DataErrorsChangedEventArgs> ErrorsChanged;
// get errors by property
public IEnumerable GetErrors(string propertyName)
{
if (_errors.ContainsKey(propertyName))
return _errors[propertyName];
return null;
}
public bool HasErrors => _errors.Count > 0;
// object is valid
public bool IsValid => !HasErrors;
public void AddError(string propertyName, string error)
{
// Add error to list
_errors[propertyName] = new List<string>() { error };
NotifyErrorsChanged(propertyName);
}
public void RemoveError(string propertyName)
{
// remove error
if (_errors.ContainsKey(propertyName))
_errors.Remove(propertyName);
NotifyErrorsChanged(propertyName);
}
public void NotifyErrorsChanged(string propertyName)
{
// Notify
if (ErrorsChanged != null)
ErrorsChanged(this, new DataErrorsChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
Now all this works fine, but it only validates as soon as I type something in my TextBox. I would like some way to validate on demand, without even touching the textbox, say on a button click.
I have tried raising PropertyChanged for all my properties as described in this question, but it does not detect the errors. I somehow need my property setter to be called so the errors can be detected. I'm looking for a MVVM solution.

The INotifyDataErrorInfo implementation you use is somewhat flawed IMHO. It relies on errors kept in a state (a list) attached to the object. Problem with stored state is, sometimes, in a moving world, you don't have the chance to update it when you want. Here is another MVVM implementation that doesn't rely on a stored state, but computes error state on the fly.
Things are handled a bit differently as you need to put validation code in a central GetErrors method (you could create per-property validation methods called from this central method), not in the property setters.
public class ModelBase : INotifyPropertyChanged, INotifyDataErrorInfo
{
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
public event EventHandler<DataErrorsChangedEventArgs> ErrorsChanged;
public bool HasErrors
{
get
{
return GetErrors(null).OfType<object>().Any();
}
}
public virtual void ForceValidation()
{
OnPropertyChanged(null);
}
public virtual IEnumerable GetErrors([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
return Enumerable.Empty<object>();
}
protected void OnErrorsChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
OnErrorsChanged(this, new DataErrorsChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
protected virtual void OnErrorsChanged(object sender, DataErrorsChangedEventArgs e)
{
var handler = ErrorsChanged;
if (handler != null)
{
handler(sender, e);
}
}
protected void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
OnPropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
var handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null)
{
handler(sender, e);
}
}
}
And here are two sample classes that demonstrate how to use it:
public class Customer : ModelBase
{
private string _name;
public string Name
{
get
{
return _name;
}
set
{
if (_name != value)
{
_name = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
}
public override IEnumerable GetErrors([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName) || propertyName == nameof(Name))
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_name))
yield return "Name cannot be empty.";
}
}
}
public class CustomerWithAge : Customer
{
private int _age;
public int Age
{
get
{
return _age;
}
set
{
if (_age != value)
{
_age = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
}
public override IEnumerable GetErrors([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
foreach (var obj in base.GetErrors(propertyName))
{
yield return obj;
}
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName) || propertyName == nameof(Age))
{
if (_age <= 0)
yield return "Age is invalid.";
}
}
}
It works like a charm with a simple XAML like this:
<TextBox Text="{Binding Name, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
<TextBox Text="{Binding Age, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
(UpdateSourceTrigger is optional, if you don't use it it will only work when focus is lost).
With this MVVM base class, you shouldn't have to force any validation. But should you need it, I have added a ForceValidation sample method in ModelBase that should work (I have tested it with for example a member value like _name that would have been changed without passing through the public setter).

Your best bet is to use a relay command interface. Take a look at this:
public class RelayCommand : ICommand
{
Action _TargetExecuteMethod;
Func<bool> _TargetCanExecuteMethod;
public RelayCommand(Action executeMethod)
{
_TargetExecuteMethod = executeMethod;
}
public RelayCommand(Action executeMethod, Func<bool> canExecuteMethod)
{
_TargetExecuteMethod = executeMethod;
_TargetCanExecuteMethod = canExecuteMethod;
}
public void RaiseCanExecuteChanged()
{
CanExecuteChanged(this, EventArgs.Empty);
}
#region ICommand Members
bool ICommand.CanExecute(object parameter)
{
if (_TargetCanExecuteMethod != null)
{
return _TargetCanExecuteMethod();
}
if (_TargetExecuteMethod != null)
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged = delegate { };
void ICommand.Execute(object parameter)
{
if (_TargetExecuteMethod != null)
{
_TargetExecuteMethod();
}
}
#endregion
}
You would declare this relay command in your view model like:
public RelayCommand SaveCommand { get; private set; }
Now, in addition to registering your SaveCommand with OnSave and a CanSave methods, since you extend from INotifyDataErrorInfo, you can sign up to ErrorsChanged in your constructor as well:
public YourViewModel()
{
SaveCommand = new RelayCommand(OnSave, CanSave);
ErrorsChanged += RaiseCanExecuteChanged;
}
And you'll need the methods:
private void RaiseCanExecuteChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
SaveCommand.RaiseCanExecuteChanged();
}
public bool CanSave()
{
return !this.HasErrors;
}
private void OnSave()
{
//Your save logic here.
}
Also, each time after you call PropertyChanged, you can call this validation method:
private void ValidateProperty<T>(string propertyName, T value)
{
var results = new List<ValidationResult>();
ValidationContext context = new ValidationContext(this);
context.MemberName = propertyName;
Validator.TryValidateProperty(value, context, results);
if (results.Any())
{
_errors[propertyName] = results.Select(c => c.ErrorMessage).ToList();
}
else
{
_errors.Remove(propertyName);
}
ErrorsChanged(this, new DataErrorsChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
With this setup, and if your viewmodel both extends from INotifyPropertyChanged and INotifyDataErrorInfo (or from a base class that extends from these two), when you bind a button to the SaveCommand above, WPF framework will automatically disable it if there are validation errors.
Hope this helps.

Binding to count on observable collection of subclass

I do have a WPF binding question here.
Following Setup:
I do have a class (ActionService) having a name and a ObservableCollection of subitems (also a class named Step). A Step has a flag that shows if the Step is allready done (IsDone).
I bind a form to the ActionService and display all kind of things.
Everything works as aspected and i have just the essential parts in my snippet.
Now I need one more thing that i can not get work. I want the ActionService to know by binding how many of its Steps are open (IsDone == false). I you open a childform with one of the steps and change the IsDone-State, the mother form should get the new count on the fly.
And I'm to dumb to get a correct solution on the way ;-)
Thanks for your help or a best practise.
public class ActionService : BaseObject
{
public ActionService()
{
}
private String name;
public String Name
{
get { return this.name; }
set
{
this.name = value;
raisePropertyChanged("Name");
}
}
public ObservableCollection<Step> actionsteps;
public ObservableCollection<Step> ActionSteps
{
get { return this.actionsteps; }
set
{
this.actionsteps = value;
raisePropertyChanged("ActionSteps");
}
}
}
public class Step : BaseObject
{
public Step()
{
}
private String description;
public String Description
{
get { return this.description; }
set
{
this.description = value;
raisePropertyChanged("Description");
}
}
private Boolean isdone;
public Boolean IsDone
{
get { return this.isdone; }
set
{
this.isdone = value;
raisePropertyChanged("IsDone");
}
}
}
public class BaseObject : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected void raisePropertyChanged(String parPropertyName)
{
if (this.PropertyChanged != null)
{
this.PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(parPropertyName));
}
}
}

You can create a new property in your ActionService class:
public bool IsDone
{
get
{
return ActionSteps.Count(x => x.IsDone) == ActionSteps.Count;
}
}
If the count of Steps in the ActionSteps list where the IsDone property is true is equal to the number of Steps in the ActionSteps list, then return true, else, return false.
To subscribe to the Steps property changed event, when you add an item to the collection, you simply need to subscribe to the PropertyChanged event:
//Create the item and subscribe to propertychanged.
Step item = new Step();
item.PropertyChanged += item_PropertyChanged;
//Add the item to the list.
ActionSteps.Add(item);
And your method will look like this:
void item_PropertyChanged(object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
if (e.PropertyName == "IsDone")
raisePropertyChanged("IsDone");
}

WPF TextBox Not Updating with Data Binding, iNotifyPropertyChanged, and PropertyChanged Trigger

I am having a binding issue I wasn't able to figure out for the past two days. I have thoroughly went through most of the relevant threads on SO, and I still wasn't able to pinpoint where my error lies.
The issue I'm having is with one of the textboxes in my program. The purpose of it is to show the file the user has selected from the file browser. I have bound the text property of it to a string called parameterFileSelected but the textbox never updates even though debugging seems to be showing that the iNotifyPropertyChanged is called and executed properly.
Please help me take a look at my code below if there are any mistakes in my code.
The textbox is part of an xaml called GenerateReports and this view is tied to the GenerateReportsViewModel as follows:
Code for setting datacontext to GenerateReportsViewModel
<Grid >
<Grid.DataContext>
<vm:GenerateReportsViewModel/>
</Grid.DataContext>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
....
Code for TextBox. I have tried removing the Twoway mode, changing it to Oneway and removing the mode but there is no difference.
<TextBox Grid.Column="2" Grid.Row="1" Margin="5" Text="{Binding parameterFileSelected, Mode=Twoway, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" ></TextBox>
To get the file browser and then to pass the selected file result to the GenerateReportsViewModel, this is the function in the codebehind file. The genviewmodel is initialized in the beginning of the codebehind file as GenerateReportsViewModel genViewModel = new GenerateReportsViewModel();
private void ParaFileButtonClick(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog();
if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == true)
{
DataContext = genViewModel;
genViewModel.updateParameterFileSelected(openFileDialog.FileName.ToString());
}
}
This is the code that's called in GenerateReportsViewModel to update the parameterFileSelected string the textbox is bound to.
class GenerateReportsViewModel : ViewModelBase
{
private string _parameterFileSelected;
public string parameterFileSelected
{
get { return _parameterFileSelected; }
set { SetValue(ref _parameterFileSelected, value); }
}
public void updateParameterFileSelected(string parameterFile)
{
parameterFileSelected = parameterFile;
}
}
Here is the ViewModelBase the viewmodel is attached to.
public class ViewModelBase : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
public void SetValue<T>(ref T property, T value, [CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
if (property != null)
{
if (property.Equals(value)) return;
}
OnPropertyChanged(propertyName);
property = value;
}
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
var handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
}
EDIT
Working Solution after Applying Kevin's Suggestions
For simplicity sake, the Datacontext was set in the XAML.
<Grid>
<Grid.DataContext>
<vm:GenerateReportsViewModel x:Name="generateReportsViewModel"/>
</Grid.DataContext>
Then, I call the string the textbox was bound to, in the viewmodel directly from code behind.
private void ParaFileButtonClick(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog();
if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == true)
{
generateReportsViewModel.parameterFileSelected = openFileDialog.FileName.ToString();
}
}
The ViewModel now uses Kevin's ViewModelBase:
public class GenerateReportsViewModel : ViewModelBase
{
public string parameterFileSelected
{
get { return this.GetValue<string>(); }
set { this.SetValue(value); }
}
}
Thank you Kevin for your solution. Now my 2-day-long problem is solved.
I found out that my previous ViewModelBase was calling iNotifyPropertyChanged but somehow when the View was updated, the value was null instead.

I'm trying to understand why using the ref keyword in your viewModel. I learned a nice way to create the BaseViewModel from the Classon and Baxter book which you can find below. The view-model implements the INotifyPropertyChanged like you did. What you did with [CallerMemberName] is great, it's really magical the way we can reference to our properties thanks to it.
The view model uses a the dictionary to store its properties. It uses a pretty neat trick of looking through the dictionnary keys to see if we contain the string name of the property.Otherwise, we will return a default T value.
public class CommonBaseViewModel: INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private Dictionary<string, object> Values { get; set; }
protected CommonBaseViewModel()
{
this.Values = new Dictionary<string, object>();
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected T GetValue<T>([CallerMemberName] string name=null)
{
if (this.Values.ContainsKey(name))
{
return (T)this.Values[name];
}
else
{
return default(T);
}
}
protected void SetValue(object value, [CallerMemberName] string name = null)
{
this.Values[name] = value;
//notify my property
this.OnPropertyChanged(new PropertyChangedEventArgs(name));
}
protected void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string name=null)
{
this.OnPropertyChanged(new PropertyChangedEventArgs(name));
}
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(PropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
if(this.PropertyChanged != null)
{
this.PropertyChanged(this, e);
}
}
}
As for your GenerateReportViewModel, with the common view model that I provided you, your class then becomes :
public class GenerateReportsViewModel : CommonViewModelBase
{
private string _parameterFileSelected;
public string parameterFileSelected
{
get { return _parameterFileSelected; }
set { SetValue(ref _parameterFileSelected, value); }
}
get
{
return this.GetValue<string>();
}
set
{
this.SetValue(value);
}
public void updateParameterFileSelected(string parameterFile)
{
parameterFileSelected = parameterFile;
}
}
Oh before I forgot, I don't know if it was your intention, but your GenerateReportViewModel is private. This has some impact on your code. Don't forget that by defaut, classes are private!
As for your code behind, even though it could be consider bad practice, I recommend that you have a private field (OpenFileDialog _openFileDialog)that you construct while initializing your page. Because doing it each time your clicking your button is going to consume more data that you need your application to.
//EDIT
I have review my code,and it seemed that the property was not programmed correctly.
public class GenerateReportsViewModel : CommonViewModelBase
{
private string _parameterFileSelected;
public string parameterFileSelected
{
get
{
return this.GetValue<string>();
}
set
{
this.SetValue(value);
}
public void updateParameterFileSelected(string parameterFile)
{
parameterFileSelected = parameterFile;
}
}
More about my comment about constructing the page and binding the view model. While creating your page, you have to create the view-model for that page and then bind it to the data context.
I don't know what you do in your code, but I could provide with this sample such as
public GenerateReportView()
{
InitializeComponent();
//Some operations
var generateReportViewModel = new GenerateReportViewModel();
this.DataContext = generateReportViewModel;
}

How to Update the View from the Model

So I am trying to implement the MVVM pattern in a simple sample app. Essentially my app allows a user to choose from a list of search providers in a SettingsPage, and then in the MainPage when the user clicks the 'search' button he or she will be navigated to the search provider's website. Everything seems to work ok, no errors, except when navigating directly back to MainPage from SettingsPage the search property does not seem to be updated. Everything is fine though when the application is completely exited and launched fresh. What I have is as follows
MainPage.xaml.cs
void search_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
TheBrowser.Navigate(App.ViewModel.SearchProvider.Address);
}
App.xaml.cs
private static MainViewModel viewModel = null;
public static MainViewModel ViewModel
{
get
{
// Delay creation of the view model until necessary
if (viewModel == null)
viewModel = new MainViewModel();
return viewModel;
}
}
MainViewMode.cs
public ListItem SearchProvider { get; private set; }
public MainViewModel()
{
SearchProvider = Settings.SearchProvider.Value;
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
private void NotifyPropertyChanged(String propertyName)
{
PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
if (null != handler)
{
handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
and in my SettingsPage is where I am allowin ga user to select a search provider
SettingsPage.xaml.cs
private void PopulateSearchProviderList()
{
searchProviderList = new ObservableCollection<ListItem>();
searchProviderList.Add(new ListItem { Name = "Bing", Address = "http://www.bing.com" });
searchProviderList.Add(new ListItem { Name = "Google", Address = "http://www.google.com" });
SearchProviderListPicker.ItemsSource = searchProviderList;
}
private void stk_Tap(object sender, System.Windows.Input.GestureEventArgs e)
{
if (SearchProviderListPicker.SelectedIndex != -1)
{
var selectedItem = (sender as StackPanel).DataContext as TestApp.Classes.ListItem;
Settings.SearchProvider.Value = selectedItem; //Setting the search provider
}
}
and finally my ListItem class which is fairly straightforward
ListItem.cs
public string Name
{
get;
set;
}
public string Address
{
get;
set;
}
So essentially I am not updating the ViewModel correctly based on the SettingsPage, but I am unsure of how to go about this properly.

You have to call the OnNotifyPropertyChanged("propertyName") for the item to update in the UI.
For example (assuming the Name and Address properties are bound to your UI elements.)
private string name;
private string address;
public string Name
{
get { return name;}
set {
name = value;
OnNotifyPropertyChanged("Name");
}
}
public string Address
{
get { return address; }
set {
address = value ;
OnNotifyPropertyChanged("Address");
}
}

There are a few issues I can see. We'll start from there.
Your MainViewModel needs to implement INotifyPropertyChanged see here
Your SearchProvider setter needs to raise PropertyChanged
You need to set the value of the SearchProvider. Currently that is only performed in the constructor which is probably why you are seeing things working on app startup only.
You need to make sure you are correctly binding the value of SearchProvider in your xaml. If you post your xaml we can check that out too.
In your ViewModel, add:
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string caller = "")
{
if (PropertyChanged != null)
{
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(caller));
}
}
Update the SearchProvider property to something like:
private ListItem searchProvider;
public ListItem SearchProvider
{
get { return searchProvider; }
set
{
searchProvider = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}