I have a player-object, and a player and a camera attached to it as childs.
I would like to rotate the camera in a circle around the player so that it always faces the player (which is centered at 0,0,0).
I have a 2D approach which I need to convert 3D.
What would this script look like for 3D?
Thank you.
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class circularMotion : MonoBehaviour {
public float RotateSpeed;
public float Radius;
public Vector2 centre;
public float angle;
private void Start()
{
centre = transform.localPosition;
}
private void Update()
{
angle += RotateSpeed * Time.deltaTime;
var offset = new Vector2(Mathf.Sin(angle), Mathf.Cos(angle)) * Radius;
transform.localPosition = centre + offset;
}
}
Well, one approach could be to define an upwards vector and then rotate around the corresponding axis.
using UnityEngine;
public class circularMotion : MonoBehaviour
{
public float RotateSpeed = 1;
public float Radius = 1;
public Vector3 centre;
public float angle;
public Vector3 upDirection = Vector3.up; // upwards direction of the axis to rotate around
private void Start()
{
centre = transform.localPosition;
}
private void Update()
{
transform.up = Vector3.up;
angle += RotateSpeed * Time.deltaTime;
Quaternion axisRotation = Quaternion.FromToRotation(Vector3.up, upDirection);
// position camera
Vector3 offset = axisRotation * new Vector3(Mathf.Sin(angle), 0, Mathf.Cos(angle)) * Radius;
transform.localPosition = centre + offset;
// look towards center
transform.localRotation = axisRotation * Quaternion.Euler(0, 180 + angle * 180 / Mathf.PI, 0);
}
}
Related
I recently started on unity and I wanted to make simple movement which can be seen below.
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class movement : MonoBehaviour
{
//Variables
float speed = 5.0f;
public float turnSpeed = 4.0f;
public float moveSpeed = 2.0f;
public float minTurnAngle = -90.0f;
public float maxTurnAngle = 90.0f;
private float rotX;
//Other
Vector3 Char_velocity;
Rigidbody Physics;
void Start()
{
Physics = GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
}
void FixedUpdate()
{
//Get axis on which we want to move
if (Input.GetButton("Vertical"))
{
//Creating vector which velocity is calculated based on vect3, speed and gets FPS compensation via fixed
//delta time
Char_velocity = new Vector3(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal"), 0.0f, Input.GetAxis("Vertical"));
Physics.MovePosition(transform.position + Char_velocity * speed * Time.fixedDeltaTime);
}
if (Input.GetButton("Horizontal"))
{
Char_velocity = new Vector3(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal"), 0.0f, Input.GetAxis("Vertical"));
Physics.MovePosition(transform.position + Char_velocity * speed * Time.deltaTime);
}
float y = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * turnSpeed;
rotX += Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * turnSpeed;
rotX = Mathf.Clamp(rotX, minTurnAngle, maxTurnAngle);
transform.eulerAngles = new Vector2(-rotX, transform.eulerAngles.y + y);
}
}
Mouse movement has been the problem for me. I got it to somewhat work but I have 2 issues. The camera should move the whole body while rotating from side to side but instead rotates the body when moving along the Y axis.
Unity2D
How to make game object to face opposite from the position of another game object?
I have a fish that is going always forward and randomly rotating to make semi random movement,
and i want that in range of player(shark) the fish change direction opposite to shark and start moving faster(trying to escape). I have speed increase already but i doknt know how to make the opposite direction.
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class FishMove : MonoBehaviour
{
Rigidbody2D rb;
int rotZ = 0;
[SerializeField]
Transform target;
float speed;
bool move=true;
bool rotace = true;
[SerializeField]
int smerRotace;
[SerializeField]
float casRotace;
float nula;
[SerializeField]
Transform shark;
float fearRange=4;
void Start()
{
rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
}
void FixedUpdate()
{
if (rotace)
{
rotace = false;
smerRotace = Random.Range(-1, 2);
if (smerRotace == 0) nula = 0.2f;
Invoke("Rotace", Random.Range(3.0f*nula, 9.0f*nula));
nula = 1;
}
rotZ += 2 * smerRotace;
float distance = Vector2.Distance(transform.position, shark.position);
if (distance < fearRange)
{
speed = 0.1f;
}
else
{
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0, 0, rotZ);
}
transform.position = Vector2.MoveTowards(transform.position, target.position, speed);
speed = 0.05f;
}
void Rotace()
{
rotace = true;
}
}
Notice: at the part when I am saying to add/subtract 90 (you’ll know when you get there), try adding 90, if that doesn’t work, try subtracting 90 to get the right result.
To make it move fully the opposite direction, you should do a few things. First, I will tell you about Mathf.Atan2(float y, float x). Atan2 is arctangent. Arctangent takes a position, and finds the amount of rotations to rotate at that object, in radians. Then, you would want to multiply by Mathf.Rad2Deg, or radians to degrees. It converts radians to degrees, which unity uses. Then, you would add some degrees to face the opposite direction.
Here is a way to make an object look away from the the mouse:
using UnityEngine;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class LookAtMouse : MonoBehaviour
{
public GameObject obj;
Vector3 offset;
Vector3 mousePosition;
float rotation;
void Update()
{
mousePosition = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(Input.mousePosition);
offset = mousePosition - obj.transform.position;
rotation = Mathf.Atan2(offset.y, offset.x) * Mathf.Rad2Deg - 90f;
obj.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0f, 0f, rotation);
}
}
Basically, the script gets the mouse position, and stores it in mousePosition. Then, it gets the offset of the mouse relative to obj. The rotation is the product of the arctangent of the offset and the amount of degrees in a radian (unity uses degrees, not radians), minus 90. Arctangent is 90 degrees off of the target, so people usually add 90 to get it to look at the target. We are looking away from the target, so we subtract 90 to be 180 degrees away, or half way.
We would do the same thing for your script; here it is:
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class FishMove : MonoBehaviour
{
Rigidbody2D rb;
int rotZ = 0;
[SerializeField] Transform target;
float speed;
bool move=true;
bool rotace = true;
[SerializeField] int smerRotace;
[SerializeField] float casRotace;
float nula;
[SerializeField] Transform shark;
float fearRange=4;
void Start()
{
rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
}
Vector3 offset;
float rotation;
void FixedUpdate()
{
if (rotace)
{
rotace = false;
smerRotace = Random.Range(-1, 2);
if (smerRotace == 0) nula = 0.2f;
Invoke("Rotace", Random.Range(3.0f*nula, 9.0f*nula));
nula = 1;
}
rotZ += 2 * smerRotace;
float distance = Vector2.Distance(transform.position, shark.position);
if (distance < fearRange)
{
speed = 0.1f;
offset = transform.position - shark.transform.position;
rotation = Mathf.Atan2(offset.y, offset.x) * Mathf.Rad2Deg - 90f;
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0f, 0f, rotation);
}
else
{
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0, 0, rotZ);
}
transform.position = Vector2.MoveTowards(transform.position, target.position, speed);
speed = 0.05f;
}
void Rotace()
{
rotace = true;
}
}
Tell me in the comments if it works or if it doesn't work.
I have a problem with my camera movement. I want to limit my camera rotation, but I don't know how to do this. I searched for a solution, but I was not able to find one.
In my current code, my camera rotates rapidly in any direction and I don't know how to implement the Mathf.Clamp correctly.
Here is my code:
public float rightSpeed = 20.0f;
public float leftSpeed = -20.0f;
public float rotationLimit = 0.0f;
void Update()
{
//EdgeScrolling
float edgeSize = 40f;
if (Input.mousePosition.x > Screen.width - edgeSize)
{
//EdgeRight
transform.RotateAround(this.transform.position, Vector3.up, rotationLimit += rightSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
}
if (Input.mousePosition.x < edgeSize)
{
//EdgeLeft
transform.RotateAround(this.transform.position, Vector3.up, rotationLimit -= leftSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
}
rotationLimit = Mathf.Clamp(rotationLimit, 50f, 130f);
}
RotateAround method rotates by an angle. It doesn't assign the angle value you pass it. In this case I would suggest using a different approach. Instead of RotateAround method use the eulerAngles property and assign the rotation values directly.
Example
using UnityEngine;
public class TestScript : MonoBehaviour
{
public float rightSpeed = 20.0f;
public float leftSpeed = -20.0f;
private void Update()
{
float edgeSize = 40f;
if (Input.mousePosition.x > Screen.width - edgeSize)
RotateByY(rightSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
else if (Input.mousePosition.x < edgeSize)
RotateByY(leftSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
}
public void RotateByY(float angle)
{
float newAngle = transform.eulerAngles.y + angle;
transform.eulerAngles = new Vector3(
transform.eulerAngles.x,
Mathf.Clamp(newAngle, 50f, 130f),
transform.eulerAngles.z);
}
}
Camera rotate by mouse input, How to rotate the move to the default position?
public class CameraOrbit : MonoBehaviour
{
public float turnSpeed = 1.0f;
public Transform player;
private Vector3 offset;
private void Start()
{
offset = new Vector3(0, 2.5f, -5);
}
private void LateUpdate()
{
if (Input.GetMouseButton(0))
{
offset = Quaternion.AngleAxis(Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * turnSpeed, Vector3.up) * offset;
transform.localPosition = offset;
transform.LookAt(player.position);
}
}
}
This kind of thing moves directly into position and I want to smooth it over.
public void RevertCamera()
{
offset = new Vector3(0, 2.5f, -5);
transform.localPosition = offset;
transform.LookAt(player.position);
}
I have tried multiple variations of this, but none of them seem to work.
the easiest way is to use the camera's transform's RotateAround(...) method:
void LateUpdate
{
if(Input.GetMouseDown(0))
{
float delta = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * turnSpeed;
transform.RotateAround(player.position, Vector3.up, delta);
}
}
(taken from: https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Transform.RotateAround.html)
Suggestion: I usually set up a camera rig, if I want to control camera movement focused on a certain target.
Though this might be overengineered for a simple RotateAround call.
If you want to achieve smooth transitions. I would advise you to use Slerp on the Quaternion and interpolate between your 2 rotation points.
Slerp Example:
// Interpolates rotation between the rotations "from" and "to"
// (Choose from and to not to be the same as
// the object you attach this script to)
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class SlerpExample: MonoBehaviour {
[SerializeField]private Transform from;
[SerializeField]private Transform player;
private bool revertCamera = false;
private float timeCount = 0.0f;
private void Update() {
timeCount = timeCount + Time.deltaTime;
if (revertCamera) {
timeCount = 0.0f;
transform.rotation = Quaternion
.Slerp(from.rotation, player.rotation, timeCount);
if (transform.rotation == player.rotation) {
reverCamera = false;
}
}
}
private void RevertCamera() {
revertCamera = true;
}
}
Slerp
For the entire day, I been trying to find a good solution to completely stop the player from going offscreen without hard coding.
I have this script called player controller and all it does so far is allow the player to move along the x-axis. It also has an additional function that clamps the player's movement in the x-axis. Here it is.
using UnityEngine;
public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{
public const float MAX_SPEED = 5.0f;
// Update is called once per frame
void Update()
{
transform.Translate(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * MAX_SPEED * Time.deltaTime, 0.0f, 0.0f);
clampPlayerMovement();
}
void clampPlayerMovement()
{
Vector3 pos = Camera.main.WorldToViewportPoint(transform.position);
pos.x = Mathf.Clamp01(pos.x);
transform.position = Camera.main.ViewportToWorldPoint(pos);
}
}
The problem with this script is that it doesn't completely stops the player from going offscreen(half of the player's body still goes offscreen).
So this is what I tried next.
using UnityEngine;
public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{
public const float MAX_SPEED = 5.0f;
private float xLeft;
private float xRight;
void Start()
{
float pivotX = GetComponent<SpriteRenderer>().sprite.pivot.x;
float pixelsPerunit = GetComponent<SpriteRenderer>().sprite.pixelsPerUnit;
float textureWidth = GetComponent<SpriteRenderer>().sprite.texture.width;
//Units on the left from the sprite's pivot.
xLeft = pivotX / pixelsPerunit;
//Units on the right from the sprite's pivot.
xRight = (textureWidth - pivotX) / pixelsPerunit;
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update()
{
transform.Translate(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * MAX_SPEED * Time.deltaTime, 0.0f, 0.0f);
clampPlayersMovement();
}
void clampPlayersMovement()
{
Vector3 pos = transform.position;
Vector3 posMin = transform.position;
Vector3 posMax = transform.position;
posMin.x = posMin.x - xLeft;
posMax.x = posMax.x + xRight;
pos = Camera.main.WorldToViewportPoint(pos);
posMin = Camera.main.WorldToViewportPoint(posMin);
posMax = Camera.main.WorldToViewportPoint(posMax);
pos.x = Mathf.Clamp(pos.x, posMin.x, posMax.x);
transform.position = Camera.main.ViewportToWorldPoint(pos);
}
}
Unfortunately, this code is no good. In fact, it is even worse because it does not stop the player from going offscreen at all.
So at this point I'm stuck between a rock and a hard place. Any suggestions would be vastly appreciated.
After long searching I finally found an answer.
using UnityEngine;
public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{
public const float MAX_SPEED = 5.0f;
private float halfPlayerSizeX;
void Start()
{
halfPlayerSizeX = GetComponent<SpriteRenderer>().bounds.size.x / 2;
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update()
{
transform.Translate(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * MAX_SPEED * Time.deltaTime, 0.0f, 0.0f);
clampPlayerMovement();
}
void clampPlayerMovement()
{
Vector3 position = transform.position;
float distance = transform.position.z - Camera.main.transform.position.z;
float leftBorder = Camera.main.ViewportToWorldPoint(new Vector3(0, 0, distance)).x + halfPlayerSizeX;
float rightBorder = Camera.main.ViewportToWorldPoint(new Vector3(1, 0, distance)).x - halfPlayerSizeX;
position.x = Mathf.Clamp(position.x, leftBorder, rightBorder);
transform.position = position;
}
}
The only thing that I don't get is why do I need to subtract the z position from both the gameobject and the camera? why not the x position?