SQL Server – pulling user data using dynamic query in stored procedure - c#

I have problem, I'm having trouble viewing user information using stored procedure. The procedure accepts three parameters: table, column and searchBySomething. Every time I want to search for a user using another column, the column variable receives the column of the id and the searchBySomething variable receives specific id, the procedure is work but when I'm send another column I'm get the error message
Invalid column name (the data)
The procedure looks like this :
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[userDetailsDisplay]
#table NVARCHAR(30),
#column NVARCHAR(30),
#searchBySomething NVARCHAR(30)
DECLARE #sql NVARCHAR(100)
SET #sql = 'SELECT * FROM ' + #table + ' WHERE ' + #column + ' = ' + #searchBySomething
EXECUTE sp_executesql #sql

So the specific error you're getting is because you're not checking the input to see if the string being passed into #column actually exists. You can check for it's existence against the metadata catalog view sys.columns doing something like this:
if not exists
(
select 1
from sys.columns
where object_id = object_id(#table)
and name = #column
)
begin
raiserror('Column %s does not exist in table %t', 16, 1, #column, #table)
return
end
However I would be remiss if I didn't point out two things.
First, this dynamic table dynamic where clause pattern is very bad practice. If it's for someone who already has database access, they can simply query the tables themselves. And if it's for an external user, well, you've basically given them full database read access through this procedure. Of course there are some rare occasions where this pattern is needed, so if you're dead set on using dynamic sql, that leads me to my next point.
The code you've written is vulnerable to a SQL injection attack. Any time you use dynamic SQL you must be VERY careful how it's constructed. Say I passed in the column name ; drop database [admin]-- Assuming you had such a database, my could would happily be executed and your database would disappear.
How to make dynamic SQL safe is a complex topic, but if you're serious about learning more about it, this is probably one of the best articles you can find. http://www.sommarskog.se/dynamic_sql.html
By parameterizing your query and using quotename() on the table and column, I modified it to look like this. This will still throw weird errors if someone tries to do an injection attack, but at least it wont actually execute their code.
create procedure [dbo].[userDetailsDisplay]
#table nvarchar(30),
#column nvarchar(30),
#searchBySomething nvarchar(30)
as
begin
declare
#sql nvarchar(max),
#params nvarchar(1000)
if not exists
(
select 1
from sys.columns
where object_id = object_id(#table)
and name = #column
)
begin
raiserror('Column %s does not exist in table %t', 16, 1, #column, #table)
return
end
select #sql = '
select *
from ' + quotename(#table) + ' WHERE ' + quotename(#column) + ' = #searchBySomething'
execute sp_executesql
#stmt = #sql,
#params = '#searchBySomething nvarchar(30)',
#searchBySomething = #searchBySomething
end

Just check to make sure that the column exist in the table.
for each #table called, check that the #column variable is in that table.

SET #sql = 'SELECT * FROM ' + #table + ' WHERE ' + #column + ' = ' +''' #searchBySomething +''''
Ex : select * from table where column ='value'

Related

Unable to get Dynamic SQL to pass a dynamic table parameter

Not worried about SQL Injection or anything of the like, just trying to get this to work. Using SSMS and Visual Studio.
I have C# code that passes a variable, GlobalVariables.username, to an SQL parameter.
private void btnNext_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (checkIntrotoPublicSpeaking.Checked || checkEffectiveOralCommunication.Checked || checkProfComm.Checked)
{
List<SqlParameter> sqlOralComm = new List<SqlParameter>();
sqlOralComm.Add(new SqlParameter("Username", GlobalVariables.username));
sqlOralComm.Add(new SqlParameter("IntrotoPublicSpeaking", cboxIntrotoPublicSpeaking.Text));
sqlOralComm.Add(new SqlParameter("EffectiveOralCommunication", cboxEffectiveOralCommunication.Text));
sqlOralComm.Add(new SqlParameter("ProfComm", cboxProfComm.Text));
DAL.ExecSP("CreateOralComm", sqlOralComm);
}
}
I've been reading into Dynamic SQL and saw that to pass the table name as a parameter, you have to construct it manually and execute it as "SET..." etc, etc. I've been trying slightly different modifications of the last 3 lines below. Each time, I'm greeted with an "invalid syntax near ..." exception pertaining to different parts of that line. In stack exchange it's broken into 3 lines but in SSMS it's one line, a little easier to read.
Status is nvarchar column and Course is an int column.
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[CreateOralComm]
-- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
#Username nvarchar(30),
#IntrotoPublicSpeaking nvarchar(3),
#EffectiveOralCommunication nvarchar(3),
#ProfComm nvarchar(3)
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
-- Insert statements for procedure here
DECLARE #sql as nvarchar(max)
SET #sql = 'UPDATE ' + #Username + ' SET Grade = ' +
#IntrotoPublicSpeaking + ' Status = "Completed" WHERE Course = 7600105';
EXEC sp_executesql #sql;
END
GO
I know that global variable works, I have another line of code that's just a MessageBox displaying the value and it's correct. Just can't get those last few lines of SQL to work. I'm trying out just this first part, #IntrotoPublicSpeaking, before I move onto the other 2.
Any help would be really appreciated.
Two things here:
DECLARE #sql as nvarchar(max)
SET #sql = 'UPDATE ' + #Username + ' SET Grade = ' +
#IntrotoPublicSpeaking + ' Status = "Completed" WHERE Course = 7600105';
EXEC sp_executesql #sql;
Missing comma before Status and I think you do need to use single quotes
DECLARE #sql as nvarchar(max)
SET #sql = 'UPDATE ' + #Username + ' SET Grade = ' +
#IntrotoPublicSpeaking + ', Status = ''Completed'' WHERE Course = 7600105';
EXEC sp_executesql #sql;

Add stored procedure to Entity Framework [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
EF4 - The selected stored procedure returns no columns
(16 answers)
Closed 6 years ago.
I have a stored procedure which generate itself dynamically, in detail I am adding to where, order by clauses dynamically.
Here is my stored procedure:
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_GetConsultants]
#SearchQuery VARCHAR(MAX) = NULL,
#SortDataField VARCHAR(100),
#SortOrder VARCHAR(4),
#PageNum INT,
#PageSize INT,
#sql NVARCHAR(MAX) = NULL OUTPUT
AS
BEGIN
SET #sql = N'
WITH cte AS
(
SELECT
ID, [NO], Firstname, Lastname, ReferanceID,
CAST('''' AS VARCHAR(MAX)) AS ReferanceNO
FROM
dbo.Consultants
WHERE
ReferanceID IS NULL
UNION ALL
SELECT
c.ID, c.[NO], c.Firstname, c.Lastname, c.ReferanceID,
CASE
WHEN ct.ReferanceNO = ''''
THEN CAST(ct.[NO] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
ELSE CAST(ct.[NO] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
END
FROM
dbo.Consultants c
INNER JOIN
cte ct ON ct.ID = c.ReferanceID
)
SELECT *
FROM cte '
+ #SearchQuery
+ ' ORDER BY '
+ #SortDataField + ' ' + #SortOrder
+ ' OFFSET '+ CAST(#PageNum AS VARCHAR(20)) + ' ROW FETCH NEXT ' +CAST(#PageSize AS VARCHAR(20)) + ' ROWS ONLY'
EXEC sp_executesql #sql, N'#SearchQuery VARCHAR(MAX), #SortDataField VARCHAR(100), #SortOrder VARCHAR(4), #PageNum INT, #PageSize INT', #SearchQuery, #SortDataField, #SortOrder, #PageNum, #PageSize
END
I am trying to add this stored procedure to Entity Framework, but without success. Entity Framework can't create a complex type for my stored procedure, I click on the "Get Column Information" button, but the text box below says "The selected stored procedure returns no columns".
Do you know what is the problem?
P.S. It works if I remove parameters from #sql string
Probably because there is no proper SQL Statement in your procedure through which Entity Framework can detect the resulting columns.
A workaround is, to put a SQL Select statement at the end of the procedure which should tell Entity Framework about the result, for example just put following statement at the end of the procedure and update it
SELECT
CAST(1 AS int) AS ID
,CAST(1 AS int) AS [NO]
,N'Fist Name' AS Firstname
,N'Lasat Name' AS Lastname
,CAST(1 AS int) AS ReferanceID
,CAST('' AS VARCHAR(MAX)) AS ReferanceNO
After this, go in Entity Framework and import the procedure, it should show you the columns properly. Once you imported the SP in Entity Framework, go back in Procedure and comment out the last SELECT statement which we just added. This last statement is just for Entity Framework to understand what SP is going to return.
P.S. I don't know exactly the column types, so you should better change the column types in the select statement

SQL Server stored procedure showing syntax error

I have created a stored procedure which creates a table at runtime. The table columns and their data types for this dynamic table comes from another table already in place in database.
I am calling this stored procedure from C# console application code. The stored procedure is throwing a syntax error and I am totally not able to figure out what is causing this syntax error.
This is the stored procedure code I've written:
CREATE procedure [dbo].[sproc_TableExists]
#TableName NVARCHAR(128)
,#Column1Name NVARCHAR(32)
,#Column1DataType NVARCHAR(32)
,#Column1Nullable NVARCHAR(32)
AS
DECLARE #SQLString NVARCHAR(MAX)
BEGIN
IF( EXISTS (select * from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = #TableName))
BEGIN
SET #SQLString = 'ALTER TABLE ' + #TableName + '( '+ #Column1Name + ' ' + #Column1DataType + ' '+ #Column1Nullable +')'
EXEC (#SQLString)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET #SQLString = 'CREATE TABLE ' + #TableName + '( '+ #Column1Name + ' ' + #Column1DataType + ' '+ #Column1Nullable +')'
EXEC (#SQLString)
END
END
GO
Error I am getting calling it from code :
Incorrect syntax near '('.
The problem lies in the following line of code, when altering an existing table:
SET #SQLString = 'ALTER TABLE ' + #TableName + '( '+ #Column1Name + ' ' + #Column1DataType + ' '+ #Column1Nullable +')'
This generates the following output (as an example using a fake table\column name):
ALTER TABLE TableEx( ColumnEx NVARCHAR(MAX) NULL)
However, this is not a valid SQL statement.
If you want the behaviour to be to add a new column when the table already exists, use this instead:
SET #SQLString = 'ALTER TABLE ' + #TableName + ' ADD '+ #Column1Name + ' ' + #Column1DataType + ' '+ #Column1Nullable
Which will produce the output:
ALTER TABLE TableEx ADD ColumnEx NVARCHAR(MAX) NULL
Note that if your intention is to change the name of a pre-existing column in a pre-existing table you will need to test for this separately - the above only adds a new column to an existing table.
Replace
EXEC (#SQLString)
with
EXEC #SQLString

How do I get the correct sql quoted string for a .NET DbType

I want to run an ALTER TABLE that adds a default value constraint to a column.
I generate this statement dynamically from a .NET program.
How do I best format and quote the value when building my sql - now that ALTER TABLE statements does not support parameters (Gives the error 'Variables are not allowed in the ALTER TABLE statement').
Is there a utility for that in .NET? Or another solution?
You can do this in TSQL; for example, say you parameterize the command, passing in #DefaultValue, a varchar which may or may not be a valid TSQL literal. Because we are writing DDL, we will need to concatenate and exec, however we clearly don't want to blindly concatenate, as the value could be illegal. Fortunately, quotename does everything we need. By default, quotename outputs [qualified object names], but you can tell it to operate in literal escaping mode, for both single-quote and double-quote literals.
So our query that accepts #DefaultValue can build an SQL string:
declare #sql nvarchar(4000) = 'alter table ...';
-- ... blah
-- append the default value; note the result includes the outer quotes
#sql = #sql + quotename(#DefaultValue, '''');
-- ... blah
exec (#sql);
Full example:
--drop table FunkyDefaultExample
create table FunkyDefaultExample (id int not null)
declare #tableName varchar(20) = 'FunkyDefaultExample',
#colName varchar(20) = 'col name',
#defaultValue varchar(80) = 'test '' with quote';
-- the TSQL we want to generate to exec
/*
alter table [FunkyDefaultExample] add [col name] varchar(50) null
constraint [col name default] default 'test '' with quote';
*/
declare #sql nvarchar(4000) = 'alter table ' + quotename(#tablename)
+ ' add ' + quotename(#colName) + 'varchar(50) null constraint '
+ quotename(#colName + ' default') + ' default '
+ quotename(#defaultValue, '''');
exec (#sql);
-- tada!
string.Format("alter table YourTable add constraint DF_YourTable_Col1 default '{0}'",
inputValue.Replace("'", "''"));

What is the best way to get rows from different databases?

I have 10 identical databases.
I get the database names at runtime.
I want to store rows into a collection of objects.
I also only want one hit on the database server.
My current approach:-
In a query (no stored procedures for X reason) I get list of databases and store in a temporary table.
Then I iterate through each database and create a dynamic query and execute it.
DECLARE #MaxRownum int SET #MaxRownum = (SELECT MAX(RowNum) FROM #Databases)
DECLARE #Iter int SET #Iter = 1
WHILE #Iter <= #MaxRownum
BEGIN
DECLARE #Database varchar(255) SELECT #Database = Databases FROM #Databases
WHERE RowNum = #Iter
IF HAS_DBACCESS(#Database) > 0
BEGIN
//appending query
END
SET #Iter = #Iter + 1
END
EXEC(#Query)
Can I use Linq + entity framework with one hit to server, without dynamic query and without hampering the performance? Is there any better solution?
Having no idea what your query is (I asked but you did not supply it), and not sure that you understand it is going to be extremely difficult to supply database names as variables without a "dynamic query", here is a much simpler way to do it IMHO:
DECLARE #sql NVARCHAR(MAX);
SELECT #sql = N'';
SELECT #sql = #sql + CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) + 'UNION ALL'
--// you will need to fill in your "//appending query" stuff here:
+ ' SELECT ... FROM ' + QUOTENAME(Databases) + '.dbo.tablename'
FROM #Databases
WHERE HAS_DBACCESS(Databases) = 1;
SET #sql = STUFF(#sql, 1, 9, '');
EXEC sp_executesql #sql;

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