I am trying to insert images "into" a cell in excel using Epplus.
using the following code
private static void SetImage(ExcelWorksheet sheet, ExcelRange cell)
{
using (WebClient client = new WebClient())
using (Stream stream = client.OpenRead("https://..."))
using (Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(stream))
{
var picture = sheet.Drawings.AddPicture(Guid.NewGuid().ToString(), bitmap);
picture.From.Column = cell.Start.Column - 1;
picture.From.Row = cell.Start.Row - 1;
picture.To.Column = cell.Start.Column;
picture.To.Row = cell.Start.Row;
}
}
-
var cell = sheet.Cells[2, 2];
SetImage(sheet, cell);
cell = sheet.Cells[3, 2];
SetImage(sheet, cell);
However it always seems to have an overlap to the right.
If I adjust the cell widths and heights the overlap changes but never disappears
So I abandoned the
picture.To.Column = cell.Start.Column;
picture.To.Row = cell.Start.Row;
since I just could not get it to work and decided to calculated my own dimensions using:
picture.SetSize(width, height);
The trick is to understand how Excel actually calculates widths and heights.
Height of a cell: Its measured in points, but we want pixels. There are 72 points in an inch. One can convert points to pixel using the following formula points* (1/72.0) * DPI. DPI is dots per inch and can be found using the following method:
using (Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromHwnd(IntPtr.Zero))
{
float dpiY = graphics.DpiY;
}
So to calculate the height of a cell in pixels I used
private static int GetHeightInPixels(ExcelRange cell)
{
using (Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromHwnd(IntPtr.Zero))
{
float dpiY = graphics.DpiY;
return (int)(cell.Worksheet.Row(cell.Start.Row).Height * (1 / 72.0) * dpiY);
}
}
Width of a cell: This is a bit trickier. Basically the width of a cell in excel is equal to the number of characters (formatted using the default font) that a cell can contain horizontally.
For example
This colum is of length 12 and can contain 12 numbers in the Calibri(11) font.
That is also my excel default since my body default is calibri(11)
Here is an article explaining it in more depth.
The next question is how on earth does one translate that to pixels.
Firstly we need to discover what the length of a character is in the default font. One could use TextRenderer.MeasureText in the System.Windows.Forms namespace. However I am using .Net Core and needed another way. Another way is to use the the System.Drawing.Common core lib which is now in preview.
public static float MeasureString(string s, Font font)
{
using (var g = Graphics.FromHwnd(IntPtr.Zero))
{
g.TextRenderingHint = System.Drawing.Text.TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;
return g.MeasureString(s, font, int.MaxValue, StringFormat.GenericTypographic).Width;
}
}
I then used that method to calculate the width in pixels as follows
private static int GetWidthInPixels(ExcelRange cell)
{
double columnWidth = cell.Worksheet.Column(cell.Start.Column).Width;
Font font = new Font(cell.Style.Font.Name, cell.Style.Font.Size, FontStyle.Regular);
double pxBaseline = Math.Round(MeasureString("1234567890", font) / 10);
return (int)(columnWidth * pxBaseline);
}
Edit: Please note that overlap still happens when the zoom factor is set to more than 100% under display settings
Related
I tried to find information on how to use a radial gauge in a windows form report.
I really can't find anything on this. Not sure if there is not much info on this.
Is there anyone who can get me some info on this? How would I be able to use a value from a text box in a report viewer to show this on a radial gauge and even using a track bar to get some idea how to use it.
Even if getting a small example to build on this would be really great :-)
You have several options even without any external stuff.
You can draw a gauge needle onto a gauge image. Here is an example.
You can draw the needle onto an image by either calulating the outer point and drawing a line to the center or by rotating the canvas as in the link.
Or you can use the built-in MSChart control and its Doughnut charttype.
Here is an example for this:
The code is simple:
first we set up the chart by adding three DataPoints; then we code a function to update the value.
The points are for
the open, transparent part
the value of the gauge in green
the rest of the scale in red
For testing I use these variables:
double valMin = 0; // user data minimum
double valMax = 100; // ~ maximum
float angle = 60; // open pie angle at the bottom
string valFmt = "{0}°"; // a format string
My current value is pulled from a trackbar.
Setup code:
void setupChartGauge(double val, double vMin, double vMax, float a)
{
valMin = vMin;
valMax = vMax;
angle = a;
Series s = gaugeChart.Series[0];
s.ChartType = SeriesChartType.Doughnut;
s.SetCustomProperty("PieStartAngle", (90 - angle/2) + "");
s.SetCustomProperty("DoughnutRadius", "10");
s.Points.Clear();
s.Points.AddY(angle);
s.Points.AddY(0);
s.Points.AddY(0);
setChartGauge(0);
s.Points[0].Color = Color.Transparent;
s.Points[1].Color = Color.Chartreuse;
s.Points[2].Color = Color.Tomato;
}
and setting a value:
void setChartGauge(double val)
{
Series s = gaugeChart.Series[0];
double range = valMax - valMin;
double aRange = 360 - angle;
double f = aRange / range;
double v1 = val * f;
double v2 = (range - val) * f;
s.Points[1].YValues[0] = v1;
s.Points[2].YValues[0] = v2;
gaugeChart.Titles[0].Text = String.Format(valFmt, val);
gaugeChart.Refresh();
}
I have added minimal styling:
The Chart has a Title docked centered bottom which I also update
I have set a back color
I paint an inner circle in the Paint event like so:
e.Graphics.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias;
Rectangle r = chart1.ClientRectangle;
r.Inflate(-10, -10);
using (SolidBrush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(55, Color.Beige)))
e.Graphics.FillEllipse(brush, r);
Note that Pie and Doughnut charts can have only one series. To show a 2nd one you would need an overlapping 2nd chartarea with the exact same Position.
There are infinite ways to draw stuff, both from scratch or updating the MsChart control. Various gradient brushes come to mind. Adding ticks and a needle will involve rotation code, which basically consists of 3 lines of code..
Update:
Here is an example of drawing a gauge needle.
The code should be called from a Paint event and should pass out a valid Graphics object (read: e.Graphics), a float for the data value, a Rectangle to place the gauge in, a Color and a float for the percentage of the rectangle size to use.
private void drawNeedle(Graphics g, float val, Rectangle r, Color c, float length)
{
Point pc = new Point(r.X + r.Width / 2, r.Y + r.Height / 2);
Point p2 = new Point((int)( pc.X + r.Width / 2 * length / 100f), pc.Y);
using (Pen pen = new Pen(c, 3f)
{ StartCap = LineCap.RoundAnchor, EndCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor })
{
g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias;
g.TranslateTransform(pc.X, pc.Y);
g.RotateTransform(val - (270 - angle / 2));
g.TranslateTransform(-pc.X, -pc.Y);
g.DrawLine(pen, pc, p2);
g.ResetTransform();
}
}
You can use it in any control that support owner-drawing including the chart..:
drawNeedle(e.Graphics, (float)gaugeChart.Series[0].Points[1].YValues[0], r, Color.White, 70f);
Here is a simple example with a TrackBar:
private Syncfusion.Windows.Forms.Gauge.RadialGauge radialGauge1;
private System.Windows.Forms.TrackBar trackBar1;
private Syncfusion.Windows.Forms.Gauge.Needle needle1;
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.needle1 = new Syncfusion.Windows.Forms.Gauge.Needle();
this.needle1.Value = 0F;
this.trackBar1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TrackBar();
this.radialGauge1 = new Syncfusion.Windows.Forms.Gauge.RadialGauge();
this.trackBar1.Value = (int) needle1.Value;
this.radialGauge1.EnableCustomNeedles = true;
this.radialGauge1.NeedleCollection.Add(needle1);
this.radialGauge1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(230, 230);
this.radialGauge1.TabIndex = 0;
this.trackBar1.Scroll += new System.EventHandler(this.trackBar1_Scroll);
}
And a scroll event which sync between gauge and trackBar:
private void trackBar1_Scroll(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
needle1.Value = trackBar1.Value;
}
I'm trying to get the height of a string. I've come across MeasureString but it's inaccurate for what I need it for - too small for what MS Word is showing (okay, this is probably another topic so if you can point me to the right resources...)
So, I found out about TextMetrics. I want to try it but I couldn't understand how to use it. Here is my sample code:
static public double MeasureGroup2()
{
TextMetrics txt = new TextMetrics();
double height;
height = txt.Height;
return height;
}
Where/how can I set the font and font size, and the string for it to return the values I need?
P.S. My end goal is to measure the height of a string the same way MS Word "measures" or renders it. I'm open to other solutions other than these two.
Additional info:
Code for MeasureString:
static public double MeasureGroup1(string TextFont, int FSize)
{
string Str = "Mgkfps";
Bitmap Bmp = new Bitmap(99,99);
Graphics DrawGraphics = Graphics.FromImage(Bmp);
GraphicsUnit Unit = GraphicsUnit.Point;
DrawGraphics.PageUnit = Unit;
DrawGraphics.TextRenderingHint = System.Drawing.Text.TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;
StringFormat format = StringFormat.GenericTypographic;
// Set up string.
System.Drawing.Font stringFont = new System.Drawing.Font(TextFont, FSize, FontStyle.Regular, Unit);
// Measure string.
SizeF stringSize = new SizeF();
stringSize = DrawGraphics.MeasureString(Str, stringFont, 99, format);
DrawGraphics.Dispose();
format.Dispose();
stringFont.Dispose();
return stringSize.Height;
//return TextSize;
}
Notes:
Using Arial 11, and Arial 12, the output of this code needs to be multiplied by 1.0294 to be the same as how MS Word is showing. Physical measurements were made using Word's ruler, Photoshop, and a lot of ratio-and-proportion. (Maybe this is the problem?)
static public double MeasureGroup2(string TextFont, int FSize)
{
string Str = "Mgkfps";
double height;
Bitmap Bmp = new Bitmap(99, 99);
Graphics DrawGraphics = Graphics.FromImage(Bmp);
GraphicsUnit Unit = GraphicsUnit.Point;
DrawGraphics.PageUnit = Unit;
DrawGraphics.TextRenderingHint = System.Drawing.Text.TextRenderingHint.AntiAliasGridFit;
StringFormat format = StringFormat.GenericTypographic;
// Set up string.
System.Drawing.Font stringFont = new System.Drawing.Font(TextFont, FSize, FontStyle.Regular, Unit);
Rectangle Rect = new Rectangle(0, 0, 99, 99);
Size sz = new Size(99,99);
sz = TextRenderer.MeasureText(DrawGraphics, Str, stringFont, sz ,TextFormatFlags.NoPadding);
height = sz.Height;
return height;
}
First of all, thank you everyone for helping me out!
When using TextMetrics to get the dimensions of a text, refer to this post here:
https://www.cyotek.com/blog/retrieving-font-and-text-metrics-using-csharp
He has a sample project down at the bottom of the page.
As for where I was hoping to use it, which is getting the height of a text in MS Word:
I assumed that the text height and line spacing, when set to single, is the same. This is not the case. There is a small amount of space, the leading, that is not measured by MeasureString. That is why I was hoping to use the GetTextMetrics function since it returns a struct that includes the leading. Anyway, it appears to be used for something else.
Fortunately, and apparently, there is a method native to the .NET framework that returns the value I need which is FontFamily.GetLineSpacing.
LineHeight = stringFont.Size * FF.GetLineSpacing(FontStyle.Regular)/FF.GetEmHeight(FontStyle.Regular);
Reference:
https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/office/forum/office_2013_release-word/what-reasons-make-different-line-spacing-between/ca1267f9-0cfe-4f26-8048-bbd7a6a46398?auth=1
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/winforms/advanced/how-to-obtain-font-metrics
I am using wkHTMLtoPDF and I want to change orientation on the PDF based on the length of the headers in the HTML, but I'm not sure if it's the right way to do this.
private const double A4Width = 2480; // A4 pixel width
Landscape detection method
private bool IsLandscape(string html)
{
int start = html.IndexOf("<th>");
int end = html.LastIndexOf("</th>") - start;
string tableHeadings = html.Substring(start, end).Replace("<th>", string.Empty).Replace("</th>", string.Empty);
FontFamily fontFamily = new FontFamily("Arial");
Font font = new Font(fontFamily, 13);
var size = MeasureString(tableHeadings, font);
if(size.Width > A4Width)
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
Method for font calculus
private SizeF MeasureString(string content, Font font)
{
SizeF result = SizeF.Empty;
using (var image = new Bitmap(1,1))
{
using (var g = Graphics.FromImage(image))
{
g.TextRenderingHint = System.Drawing.Text.TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;
result = g.MeasureString(content, font, int.MaxValue, StringFormat.GenericTypographic);
}
}
return result;
}
Note: This code is in a library so that is the reason I have used this question to measure string.
Update
To be short:
I am looking for a best practice of implementing the problem.
The problem summary:
I am building from HTML a PDF that has a table inside.
I get the table columns (eg: Col1, Col2) and remove the tags (eg: Col1Col2).
Next I want to calculate the size (in px) of that string result (using a Font with a specified text size), and if that size excedes the A4 portrait size than rotate the PDF to the landscape orientation.
I have found that the best implementation of this problem is to add to wkHTMLtoPDF an attribute to force the PDF to be A4 size.
Attribute used : --page-size A4
Also I have changed the code that checks if the measured width size is grater than the A4 size.
if(size.Width > (A4Width / 4))
{
return true;
}
I want to find correct approach for calculating text width for specified font in C#.
I have following approach in Java and it seems it works:
public static float textWidth(String text, Font font) {
// define context used for determining glyph metrics.
BufferedImage bufImage = new BufferedImage(2 /* dummy */, 2 /* dummy */, BufferedImage.TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR_PRE);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) bufImage.createGraphics();
FontRenderContext fontRenderContext = g2d.getFontRenderContext();
// determine width
Rectangle2D bounds = font.createGlyphVector(fontRenderContext, text).getLogicalBounds();
return (float) bounds.getWidth();
}
But watch my code in C#:
public static float TextWidth(string text, Font f)
{
// define context used for determining glyph metrics.
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(1, 1);
Graphics grfx = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap);
// determine width
SizeF bounds = grfx.MeasureString(text, f);
return bounds.Width;
}
I have different values for above two functions for the same font. Why? And what is correct approach in my case?
UPDATE: The TextRenderer.MeasureText approach gives only integer measurements. I need more precuse result.
Use TextRenderer
Size size = TextRenderer.MeasureText( < with 6 overloads> );
TextRenderer.DrawText( < with 8 overloads> );
There is a good article on TextRenderer in this MSDN Magazine article.
Nothing stands out, other than lack of disposing your objects:
public static float TextWidth(string text, Font f) {
float textWidth = 0;
using (Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(1,1))
using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp)) {
textWidth = g.MeasureString(text, f).Width;
}
return textWidth;
}
The other method to try is the TextRenderer class:
return TextRenderer.MeasureText(text, f).Width;
but it returns an int, not a float.
I already have this code but it gives me the wrong result.
private void document_PrintPage(object sender, System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e)
{
int charPerLine = e.MarginBounds.Width / (int)e.Graphics.MeasureString("m", txtMain.Font).Width;
}
The txtMain is a textbox.
This should do the trick. Be careful when dividing by a variable cast to an integer. You are leaving yourself open to a divide-by-zero here in the event that the Width property is less than one, which will be truncated to zero. It may be unlikely that you will have such a small font in your application, but it is still good practice.
private void document_PrintPage(object sender, System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e)
{
if( (int)e.Graphics.MeasureString("m", txtMain.Font).Width > 0 )
{
int charPerLine =
e.MarginBounds.Width / (int)e.Graphics.MeasureString("m", txtMain.Font).Width;
}
}
The real issue though is why do you even need to know the number of characters per line. Unless you are trying to do some sort of ASCII art, you can use the different overloads of Graphics.DrawString to have GDI+ layout the text for you inside a bounding rectangle without needing to know how many characters fit on a line.
This sample from MSDN shows you how to do this:
// Create string to draw.
String drawString = "Sample Text";
// Create font and brush.
Font drawFont = new Font("Arial", 16);
SolidBrush drawBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);
// Create rectangle for drawing.
float x = 150.0F;
float y = 150.0F;
float width = 200.0F;
float height = 50.0F;
RectangleF drawRect = new RectangleF(x, y, width, height);
// Draw rectangle to screen.
Pen blackPen = new Pen(Color.Black);
e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(blackPen, x, y, width, height);
// Set format of string.
StringFormat drawFormat = new StringFormat();
drawFormat.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;
// Draw string to screen.
e.Graphics.DrawString(drawString, drawFont, drawBrush, drawRect, drawFormat);
So if you are trying to print a page of text, you can just set the drawRect to the e.MarginBounds and plug a page worth of text in for drawString.
Another thing, if you are trying to print tabular data, you can just partition the page into rectangles - one for each column/row (however you need it), and use e.Graphics.DrawLine overloads to print the table borders.
If you post more details on what you are actually trying to achieve we can help more.