Develop Reference

Delete a certificate from usb token . Error can not find the smart card

How to use capicom to remove a certificate from usb token.
I wrote this code but It does not work I get error " can not find the smart card" in line MyStore.Open(CAPICOM_SMART_CARD_USER_STORE, "My", CAPICOM_STORE_OPEN_READ_WRITE);
function DeleteCertificate(strUserCertigicateThumbprint) {
try {
if (strUserCertigicateThumbprint == null ||
strUserCertigicateThumbprint == "")
return null;
var oUtils = new ActiveXObject("CAPICOM.Utilities");
var MyStore = new ActiveXObject("CAPICOM.Store");
MyStore.Open(CAPICOM_SMART_CARD_USER_STORE, "My", CAPICOM_STORE_OPEN_READ_WRITE);
var FilteredCertificates = MyStore.Certificates.Find(CAPICOM_CERTIFICATE_FIND_SHA1_HASH, strUserCertigicateThumbprint);
if (FilteredCertificates.Count == 0)
return null;
else {
var cert = FilteredCertificates.Item(1);
MyStore.Remove(cert);
}
MyStore = null;
FilteredCertificates = null;
return true;
}
catch (e) {
MyStore = null;
FilteredCertificates = null;
}
return false;}

Getting the active url of browser in C# windows form application

I have created a window form application.
This App get the active url of browser and save this into the text file.
And this works fine in chrome & IE.
But when i use firefox, this will not work. This code fails to get the active url of firefox browser.
I don't know why this happening.
I am using the following code to find the URL
public string GetBrowsedUrl()
{
IntPtr hwnd = APIFuncs.getforegroundWindow();
Int32 pid = APIFuncs.GetWindowProcessID(hwnd);
Process process = Process.GetProcessById(pid);
string appId = proc.Id.ToString();
string appName = proc.ProcessName;
string appltitle = APIFuncs.ActiveApplTitle().Trim().Replace("\0", "");
if (process == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("process");
if (process.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
return null;
AutomationElement element = AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle);
if (element == null)
return null;
AutomationElement edit = element.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Edit));
string result = ((ValuePattern)edit.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern)).Current.Value as string;
return result;
}

Finally i found the answer
public string GetBrowsedUrl(Process process)
{
if (process.ProcessName == "firefox")
{
if (process == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("process");
if (process.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
return null;
AutomationElement element = AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle);
if (element == null)
return null;
AutomationElement doc = element.FindFirst(TreeScope.Subtree, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Document));
if (doc == null)
return null;
return ((ValuePattern)doc.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern)).Current.Value as string;
}
else
{
if (process == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("process");
if (process.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
return null;
AutomationElement element = AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle);
if (element == null)
return null;
AutomationElement edit = element.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Edit));
string result = ((ValuePattern)edit.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern)).Current.Value as string;
return result;
}
}

You can not use this code for firefox too.
I recommend a third party library named NDde to do this very easily.
Here is NDde link
public string GetFirefoxUrl()
{
try
{
Process[] pname = Process.GetProcessesByName("Firefox");
if (pname.Length != 0)
{
DdeClient dde = new DdeClient("Firefox", "WWW_GetWindowInfo");
dde.Connect();
string url = dde.Request("URL", int.MaxValue);
url= url.Replace("\"", "").Replace("\0", "");
dde.Disconnect();
return url;
}
else
return null;
}
catch
{
return null;
}
}

C# Authorize.net Create Profile Issue

The following code is charging the card, however it is not creating the profile....any tips? I'm assuming I'm missing something, or using the wrong Type...
var opaqueData = new opaqueDataType { dataDescriptor = "COMMON.ACCEPT.INAPP.PAYMENT", dataValue = paymentNonce };
//standard api call to retrieve response
var paymentType = new paymentType { Item = opaqueData };
var transactionRequest = new transactionRequestType
{
transactionType = transactionTypeEnum.authCaptureTransaction.ToString(), // authorize and capture transaction
amount = paymentAmount,
payment = paymentType,
customer = new customerDataType()
{
type = customerTypeEnum.individual,
id = userID.ToString()
},
profile = new customerProfilePaymentType()
{
createProfile = true
}
};
var request = new createTransactionRequest { transactionRequest = transactionRequest };
// instantiate the contoller that will call the service
var controller = new createTransactionController(request);
const SslProtocols _Tls12 = (SslProtocols)0x00000C00;
const SecurityProtocolType Tls12 = (SecurityProtocolType)_Tls12;
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = Tls12;
controller.Execute();
// get the response from the service (errors contained if any)
var response = controller.GetApiResponse();
UPDATE:
Since apparently OpaqueData is not allowed, I changed it to make the profile manually. I am getting the following Error: "Error: I00001 Successful."
// Add Payment method to Customer.
customerPaymentProfileType opaquePaymentProfile = new customerPaymentProfileType();
opaquePaymentProfile.payment = paymentType;
opaquePaymentProfile.customerType = customerTypeEnum.individual;
var request2 = new createCustomerPaymentProfileRequest
{
paymentProfile = opaquePaymentProfile,
validationMode = validationModeEnum.none,
customerProfileId = userID.ToString()
};
var controller2 = new createCustomerPaymentProfileController(request2);
controller2.Execute();
//Send Request to EndPoint
createCustomerPaymentProfileResponse response2 = controller2.GetApiResponse();
if (response2 != null && response2.messages.resultCode == messageTypeEnum.Ok)
{
if (response2 != null && response2.messages.message != null)
{
//Console.WriteLine("Success, createCustomerPaymentProfileID : " + response.customerPaymentProfileId);
}
}
else
{
Utility.AppendTextToFile("Error: " + response.messages.message[0].code + " " + response.messages.message[0].text, Server.MapPath("/pub/auth.txt"));
}
Update #2
Very confused as auth.net documentation says this code means success...so why don't I see the CIM payment method created??? RESPONSE CODE DOCS
Update #3
So I was printing out the main response message instead of the CIM request message, duh. The actual error was: "E00114 Invalid OTS Token."
Based on the the documentation, that error is usually from a used Key, so I am now generating 2 keys (One to process and One to store via CIM) but am now getting this error: "E00040 The record cannot be found."....Any ideas?

So the answer to this question is:
You can not auto create a payment profile using opaque card data, so the answer is to make it manually once you have a successful charge.
You can not use the same opaque card data to charge and store, as they are one time use, so for my web method I ended up passing 2 opaque data keys.
You have to make different calls for setting up a brand new customer and an existing customer just adding a new card. I have pasted an excerpt of my end solution below:
ApiOperationBase<ANetApiRequest, ANetApiResponse>.RunEnvironment = (System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Authorize-Live"].ToUpper() == "TRUE" ? AuthorizeNet.Environment.PRODUCTION : AuthorizeNet.Environment.SANDBOX);
// define the merchant information (authentication / transaction id)
ApiOperationBase<ANetApiRequest, ANetApiResponse>.MerchantAuthentication = new merchantAuthenticationType()
{
name = (System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Authorize-Live"].ToUpper() == "TRUE" ? System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Authorize-LoginID"] : System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Authorize-LoginID-SandBox"]),
ItemElementName = ItemChoiceType.transactionKey,
Item = (System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Authorize-Live"].ToUpper() == "TRUE" ? System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Authorize-TransactionKey"] : System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Authorize-TransactionKey-SandBox"])
};
if (paymentNonce.Trim() != "")
{
//set up data based on transaction
var opaqueData = new opaqueDataType { dataDescriptor = "COMMON.ACCEPT.INAPP.PAYMENT", dataValue = paymentNonce };
//standard api call to retrieve response
var paymentType = new paymentType { Item = opaqueData };
var transactionRequest = new transactionRequestType
{
transactionType = transactionTypeEnum.authCaptureTransaction.ToString(), // authorize and capture transaction
amount = paymentAmount,
payment = paymentType,
customer = new customerDataType()
{
type = customerTypeEnum.individual,
id = "YOUR_DB_USERID"
},
profile = new customerProfilePaymentType()
{
createProfile = false
}
};
var request = new createTransactionRequest { transactionRequest = transactionRequest };
// instantiate the contoller that will call the service
var controller = new createTransactionController(request);
const SslProtocols _Tls12 = (SslProtocols)0x00000C00;
const SecurityProtocolType Tls12 = (SecurityProtocolType)_Tls12;
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = Tls12;
controller.Execute();
// get the response from the service (errors contained if any)
var response = controller.GetApiResponse();
//validate
if (response != null)
{
if (response.messages.resultCode == messageTypeEnum.Ok)
{
if (response.transactionResponse.messages != null)
{
responseData.Success = true;
transactionID = response.transactionResponse.transId;
string merchID = "STORED AUTHORIZE.NET CUSTOMERID, return blank string if none!";
var opaqueData2 = new opaqueDataType { dataDescriptor = "COMMON.ACCEPT.INAPP.PAYMENT", dataValue = paymentNonce2 };
//standard api call to retrieve response
var paymentType2 = new paymentType { Item = opaqueData2 };
customerPaymentProfileType opaquePaymentProfile = new customerPaymentProfileType();
opaquePaymentProfile.payment = paymentType2;
opaquePaymentProfile.customerType = customerTypeEnum.individual;
if (merchID == "")
{
// CREATE NEW AUTH.NET AIM CUSTOMER
List<customerPaymentProfileType> paymentProfileList = new List<customerPaymentProfileType>();
paymentProfileList.Add(opaquePaymentProfile);
customerProfileType customerProfile = new customerProfileType();
customerProfile.merchantCustomerId = "YOUR_DB_USERID";
customerProfile.paymentProfiles = paymentProfileList.ToArray();
var cimRequest = new createCustomerProfileRequest { profile = customerProfile, validationMode = validationModeEnum.none };
var cimController = new createCustomerProfileController(cimRequest); // instantiate the contoller that will call the service
cimController.Execute();
createCustomerProfileResponse cimResponse = cimController.GetApiResponse();
if (cimResponse != null && cimResponse.messages.resultCode == messageTypeEnum.Ok)
{
if (cimResponse != null && cimResponse.messages.message != null)
{
// STORE cimResponse.customerProfileId IN DATABASE FOR USER
}
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < cimResponse.messages.message.Length; i++)
Utility.AppendTextToFile("New Error (" + merchID + ") #" + i.ToString() + ": " + cimResponse.messages.message[i].code + " " + cimResponse.messages.message[i].text, Server.MapPath("/pub/auth.txt"));
}
}
else
{
// ADD PAYMENT PROFILE TO EXISTING AUTH.NET AIM CUSTOMER
var cimRequest = new createCustomerPaymentProfileRequest
{
paymentProfile = opaquePaymentProfile,
validationMode = validationModeEnum.none,
customerProfileId = merchID.Trim()
};
var cimController = new createCustomerPaymentProfileController(cimRequest);
cimController.Execute();
//Send Request to EndPoint
createCustomerPaymentProfileResponse cimResponse = cimController.GetApiResponse();
if (cimResponse != null && cimResponse.messages.resultCode == messageTypeEnum.Ok)
{
if (cimResponse != null && cimResponse.messages.message != null)
{
//Console.WriteLine("Success, createCustomerPaymentProfileID : " + response.customerPaymentProfileId);
}
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < cimResponse.messages.message.Length; i++)
Utility.AppendTextToFile("Add Error (" + merchID + ") #" + i.ToString() + ": " + cimResponse.messages.message[i].code + " " + cimResponse.messages.message[i].text, Server.MapPath("/pub/auth.txt"));
}
}
}
else
{
responseData.Message = "Card Declined";
responseData.Success = false;
if (response.transactionResponse.errors != null)
{
responseData.Message = response.transactionResponse.errors[0].errorText;
}
}
}
else
{
responseData.Message = "Failed Transaction";
responseData.Success = false;
if (response.transactionResponse != null && response.transactionResponse.errors != null)
{
responseData.Message = response.transactionResponse.errors[0].errorText;
}
else
{
responseData.Message = response.messages.message[0].text;
}
}
}
else
{
responseData.Message = "Failed Transaction, Try Again!";
responseData.Success = false;
}
}
else
{
// RUN PAYMENT WITH STORED PAYMENT PROFILE ID
customerProfilePaymentType profileToCharge = new customerProfilePaymentType();
profileToCharge.customerProfileId = CustomerID;
profileToCharge.paymentProfile = new paymentProfile { paymentProfileId = PaymentID };
var transactionRequest = new transactionRequestType
{
transactionType = transactionTypeEnum.authCaptureTransaction.ToString(),
amount = paymentAmount,
profile = profileToCharge
};
var request = new createTransactionRequest { transactionRequest = transactionRequest };
// instantiate the collector that will call the service
var controller = new createTransactionController(request);
controller.Execute();
// get the response from the service (errors contained if any)
var response = controller.GetApiResponse();
//validate
if (response != null)
{
if (response.messages.resultCode == messageTypeEnum.Ok)
{
if (response.transactionResponse.messages != null)
{
responseData.Success = true;
transactionID = response.transactionResponse.transId;
}
else
{
responseData.Message = "Card Declined";
responseData.Success = false;
if (response.transactionResponse.errors != null)
{
responseData.Message = response.transactionResponse.errors[0].errorText;
}
}
}
else
{
responseData.Message = "Failed Transaction";
responseData.Success = false;
if (response.transactionResponse != null && response.transactionResponse.errors != null)
{
responseData.Message = response.transactionResponse.errors[0].errorText;
}
else
{
responseData.Message = response.messages.message[0].text;
}
}
}
else
{
responseData.Message = "Failed Transaction, Try Again!";
responseData.Success = false;
}
}

System.DirectoryServices.Protocol add/remove user from group

I want to Add remove a user from a group in System.DirectoryServices.Protocol namespace.
I have the samples mentioned here :
link to my other question
But can't find an exampel fo how to add and remove a user from a group using S.DS.P.
Does anyone know of any samples for this operation?
Thanks,
Cal-

You'd just want to send a ModifyRequest on the member attribute with a DirectoryAttributeOperation.Add. The value you should pass is the DN of the user you want to add to the group

Here a example to add a object to a group.
public static void AddObjectToGroup(string objectName, string groupName)
{
// var credential = new NetworkCredential();
// var identifier = new LdapDirectoryIdentifier("");
using (var connection = new LdapConnection("company.com"))
{
connection.SessionOptions.StartTransportLayerSecurity(null);
connection.Bind();
string objectDn = null;
var request = new SearchRequest("DC=company,DC=com", $"Name={objectName}", SearchScope.Subtree, "distinguishedName");
var response = (SearchResponse)connection.SendRequest(request);
if (response != null)
{
var enumerator = response.Entries.GetEnumerator();
enumerator.Reset();
if (enumerator.MoveNext() && enumerator.Current is SearchResultEntry entry)
{
objectDn = entry.Attributes["distinguishedName"].GetValues(typeof(string)).Select(x => (string)x).FirstOrDefault();
}
}
Log.Information($"object DN: {objectDn}");
string groupDn = null;
request = new SearchRequest("DC=company,DC=com", $"Name={groupName}", SearchScope.Subtree, "distinguishedName");
response = (SearchResponse)connection.SendRequest(request);
if (response != null)
{
var enumerator = response.Entries.GetEnumerator();
enumerator.Reset();
if (enumerator.MoveNext() && enumerator.Current is SearchResultEntry entry)
{
groupDn = entry.Attributes["distinguishedName"].GetValues(typeof(string)).Select(x => (string)x).FirstOrDefault();
}
}
Log.Information($"group DN: {groupDn}");
request = new SearchRequest("DC=company,DC=com", $"(&(objectCategory=Group)(distinguishedName={groupDn}))", SearchScope.Subtree);
response = (SearchResponse)connection.SendRequest(request);
if (response != null && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(objectDn))
{
var members = response.Entries[0].Attributes["member"];
var existing = new List<string>();
for (int i = 0; i < members.Count; i++)
{
existing.Add(members[i].ToString());
}
if (existing.Contains(objectDn)) return;
var dam = new DirectoryAttributeModification { Name = "member" };
dam.Add(objectDn);
dam.Operation = DirectoryAttributeOperation.Add;
var mr = new ModifyRequest(groupDn, dam);
var dr = connection.SendRequest(mr);
Log.Information($"Add Response: {dr.ResultCode.ToString()}");
}
}
}

Just for those who follow, here is how I actually solved the problem using System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement
string adServer = "";
string adServerUser = "";
string adServerPassword = "";
string adServerContainer = "";
GetSettings( ref adServer, ref adServerUser, ref adServerPassword, ref adServerContainer );
if ( ((!string.IsNullOrEmpty(adServer) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(adServerUser)) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(adServerPassword)) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(adServerContainer))
{
try
{
using (PrincipalContext principalContext = new PrincipalContext(ContextType.Domain, adServer, adServerContainer, adServerUser, adServerPassword))
{
using (GroupPrincipal group = GroupPrincipal.FindByIdentity(principalContext, IdentityType.SamAccountName, this.textBox_GroupAdd.Text))
{
if (group == null)
{
FlexibleMessageBox.Show("group could not be found");
return;
}
PrincipalSearchResult<Principal> x = group.GetMembers();
using (UserPrincipal user = UserPrincipal.FindByIdentity(principalContext, IdentityType.SamAccountName, this.textBox_adName.Text))
{
string userSid = string.Format("<SID={0}>", ToSidString(user));
DirectoryEntry groupDirectoryEntry = (DirectoryEntry) group.GetUnderlyingObject();
groupDirectoryEntry.Properties["member"].Add(userSid);
groupDirectoryEntry.CommitChanges();
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
FlexibleMessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
}
FlexibleMessageBox.Show("group add done");
}
and here is the guts of the remove from group
using (UserPrincipal user = UserPrincipal.FindByIdentity(principalContext, IdentityType.SamAccountName, this.textBox_adName.Text))
{
string userSid = string.Format("<SID={0}>", ToSidString(user));
DirectoryEntry groupDirectoryEntry = (DirectoryEntry) group.GetUnderlyingObject();
groupDirectoryEntry.Properties["member"].Remove(userSid);
groupDirectoryEntry.CommitChanges();
}

Retrieve current URL from C# windows forms application

I have been designing a program using Visual C# and have came across an issue with making my program interact with web browsers. Basically what I need is to retrieve the URL address from a web browser (Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome etc...).
I figured this wouldn't be too difficult of a task, but after days and days of research and tests, it seems almost impossible! Thus far, I have come across this...
Get Firefox URL?
Which has the code below:
using NDde.Client;
Class Test
{
public static string GetFirefoxURL()
{
DdeClient dde = new DdeClient("Firefox", "WWW_GetWindowInfo");
dde.Connect();
string url = dde.Request("URL", int.MaxValue);
dde.Disconnect();
return url;
}
}
Which is perfect for Firefox, but for some reason I cannot get it to work with anything else. I have changed the portion of the code that says "Firefox" to "Iexplore" like I found all over the internet, along with trying other forms of expressing Internet Explorer, and I get the following error:
"Client failed to connect to "IExplorer|WWW_GetWindowInfo", Make sure the server application is running and that it supports the specified service name and topic name pair"
Any help on the issue would be much appreciated as it has become quite a task to figure out.

Here is a code based on Microsoft UI Automation:
public static string GetChromeUrl(Process process)
{
if (process == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("process");
if (process.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
return null;
AutomationElement element = AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle);
if (element == null)
return null;
AutomationElement edit = element.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Edit));
return ((ValuePattern)edit.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern)).Current.Value as string;
}
public static string GetInternetExplorerUrl(Process process)
{
if (process == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("process");
if (process.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
return null;
AutomationElement element = AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle);
if (element == null)
return null;
AutomationElement rebar = element.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ClassNameProperty, "ReBarWindow32"));
if (rebar == null)
return null;
AutomationElement edit = rebar.FindFirst(TreeScope.Subtree, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Edit));
return ((ValuePattern)edit.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern)).Current.Value as string;
}
public static string GetFirefoxUrl(Process process)
{
if (process == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("process");
if (process.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
return null;
AutomationElement element = AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle);
if (element == null)
return null;
AutomationElement doc = element.FindFirst(TreeScope.Subtree, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Document));
if (doc == null)
return null;
return ((ValuePattern)doc.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern)).Current.Value as string;
}
You can use the UI Spy tool to understand the visual hierarchy for all 3 browsers. You may need to adapt things to make sure it really work in your specific cases, but you should get the general idea with these samples.
And an example that dumps all urls for all the 3 types of process (IE, FF, CH) currently running in the system:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
foreach (Process process in Process.GetProcessesByName("firefox"))
{
string url = GetFirefoxUrl(process);
if (url == null)
continue;
Console.WriteLine("FF Url for '" + process.MainWindowTitle + "' is " + url);
}
foreach (Process process in Process.GetProcessesByName("iexplore"))
{
string url = GetInternetExplorerUrl(process);
if (url == null)
continue;
Console.WriteLine("IE Url for '" + process.MainWindowTitle + "' is " + url);
}
foreach (Process process in Process.GetProcessesByName("chrome"))
{
string url = GetChromeUrl(process);
if (url == null)
continue;
Console.WriteLine("CH Url for '" + process.MainWindowTitle + "' is " + url);
}
}

Mourier, thank you for your solution Microsoft UI Automation.
Even so it didn't worked for Firefox 41.0,
I analysed the Firefox window structure with the little tool "Automation Spy".
Then I've changed the search conditions slightly, and it worked perfectly!
public static string GetFirefoxUrl(Process process)
{
if (process == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("process");
if (process.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
return null;
AutomationElement element = AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle);
if (element == null)
return null;
element = element.FindFirst(TreeScope.Subtree,
new AndCondition(
new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "search or enter address", PropertyConditionFlags.IgnoreCase),
new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Edit)));
if (element == null)
return null;
return ((ValuePattern)element.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern)).Current.Value as string;
}
And here is the solution for Chromium 48:
public static string GetChromeUrl(Process process)
{
if (process == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("process");
if (process.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
return null;
AutomationElement element = AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle);
if (element == null)
return null;
AutomationElement edit = element.FindFirst(TreeScope.Subtree,
new AndCondition(
new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "address and search bar", PropertyConditionFlags.IgnoreCase),
new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Edit)));
return ((ValuePattern)edit.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern)).Current.Value as string;
}
Automation Spy shows Firefox window controls structure. The control of type 'edit' with the name 'Search or enter address' holds the url:
Note: In your .NET project you need 2 references:
UIAutomationClient.dll
UIAutomationTypes.dll

Use parameter "1" instead of "URL" in oDde.Request("URL", int.MaxValue) for IE.
public static void ProcessIEURLs()
{
string sURL;
try
{
DdeClient oDde = new DdeClient("IExplore", "WWW_GetWindowInfo");
try
{
oDde.Connect();
sURL = oDde.Request("1", int.MaxValue);
oDde.Disconnect();
bool bVisited = false;
if ( oVisitedURLList != null && oVisitedURLList.Count > 0 )
{
bVisited = FindURL(sURL, oVisitedURLList);
}
if ( !bVisited )
{
oVisitedURLList.Add(sURL);
}
}
catch ( Exception ex )
{
throw ex;
}
}
catch ( Exception ex )
{
throw ex;
}
}

Here's what I have so far (though Chrome I'm not finding any helpful articles on, other than using FindWindowEx (I don't particularly like that method, personally).
public class BrowserLocation
{
/// <summary>
/// Structure to hold the details regarding a browed location
/// </summary>
public struct URLDetails
{
/// <summary>
/// URL (location)
/// </summary>
public String URL;
/// <summary>
/// Document title
/// </summary>
public String Title;
}
#region Internet Explorer
// requires the following DLL added as a reference:
// C:\Windows\System32\shdocvw.dll
/// <summary>
/// Retrieve the current open URLs in Internet Explorer
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static URLDetails[] InternetExplorer()
{
System.Collections.Generic.List<URLDetails> URLs = new System.Collections.Generic.List<URLDetails>();
var shellWindows = new SHDocVw.ShellWindows();
foreach (SHDocVw.InternetExplorer ie in shellWindows)
URLs.Add(new URLDetails() { URL = ie.LocationURL, Title = ie.LocationName });
return URLs.ToArray();
}
#endregion
#region Firefox
// This requires NDde
// http://ndde.codeplex.com/
public static URLDetails[] Firefox()
{
NDde.Client.DdeClient dde = new NDde.Client.DdeClient("Firefox", "WWW_GetWindowInfo");
try
{
dde.Connect();
String url = dde.Request("URL", Int32.MaxValue);
dde.Disconnect();
Int32 stop = url.IndexOf('"', 1);
return new URLDetails[]{
new URLDetails()
{
URL = url.Substring(1, stop - 1),
Title = url.Substring(stop + 3, url.Length - stop - 8)
}
};
}
catch (Exception)
{
return null;
}
}
#endregion
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Internet Explorer: ");
(new List<BrowserLocation.URLDetails>(BrowserLocation.InternetExplorer())).ForEach(u =>
{
Console.WriteLine("[{0}]\r\n{1}\r\n", u.Title, u.URL);
});
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Firefox:");
(new List<BrowserLocation.URLDetails>(BrowserLocation.Firefox())).ForEach(u =>
{
Console.WriteLine("[{0}]\r\n{1}\r\n", u.Title, u.URL);
});
Console.WriteLine();
}
}

WWW_GetWindowInfo is supported in IE and has been since version 3.02 back in the 16 bit days! Works for Firefox and Opera
I believe that Chrome is in fact the odd one out.
I've got no knowledge of how things are beyond those four.

the bese choice is to use selenium webdriver. best and power full api with full premision