Post JSON data to web API using object in C# - c#

I was able to write the code to perform GET operation from a web API. But, I'm not able to POST. I think the problem is with the JSON object. I'm able to POST if the parameters are sent via URL but I'm unable to do so if it's a JSON Object. Eg: The POST requires me to send ModelID, CustomerID via URL and ReferenceString as a JSON object.
Data to POST
ModelID = 3345
CustomerID =1V34858493
ReferenceID is a JSON string[]
[
{
"ReferenceId": "a123"
}
]
Main
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
string patientServiceResponse = PostRequest( string.Format("https://url.com/api/{0}/{1}/taskOrders", 3345, "1V34858493"));
Debug.Write(patientServiceResponse);
}
POST Request
private static string PostRequest(string url)
{
HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/json; charset=utf-8";
httpWebRequest.Method = "POST";
httpWebRequest.Accept = "application/json; charset=utf-8";
string sContentType = "application/json";
JObject oJsonObject = new JObject();
oJsonObject.Add("ReferenceId", "a123");
HttpClient oHttpClient = new HttpClient();
var oTaskPostAsync = oHttpClient.PostAsync(url, new StringContent(oJsonObject.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8, sContentType));
//return
}
Can you please correct me where I'm going wrong.

Thanks to Mason! I wrote the code to POST the data to the web API using HttpWebRequest.
Main
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string patientServiceResponse = PostRequest( string.Format("https://url.com/api/{0}/{1}/taskOrders", 3345, "1V34858493"));
Debug.Write(patientServiceResponse);
}
POST
private static string PostRequest(string url)
{
HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/json; charset=utf-8";
httpWebRequest.Method = "POST";
using (var streamWriter = new StreamWriter(httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream()))
{
string json = "[ { \"ReferenceId\": \"a123\" } ]";
Debug.Write(json);
streamWriter.Write(json);
streamWriter.Flush();
streamWriter.Close();
}
try
{
using (var response = httpWebRequest.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
{
if (httpWebRequest.HaveResponse && response != null)
{
using (var reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
{
result = reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
}
catch (WebException e)
{
if (e.Response != null)
{
using (var errorResponse = (HttpWebResponse)e.Response)
{
using (var reader = new StreamReader(errorResponse.GetResponseStream()))
{
string error = reader.ReadToEnd();
result = error;
}
}
}
}
return result;
}

POST function will look like this.
[HttpPost]
[Route("{modelId}/{customerId}")]
public IHttpActionResult Add(string modelId, string customerId, REFDto referenceId)
{
return Ok();
}
Create a DTO class for reference Id
public class REFDto
{
public string referenceId { get; set; }
}
API Client call :
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
var modelId = "3345";
var customerId = "1V34858493";
var url = $"https://url.com/api/{modelId}/{customerId}/taskOrders";
JObject oJsonObject = new JObject();
oJsonObject.Add("referenceId", "ref123");
var response = await client.PostAsync(url, new StringContent(oJsonObject.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8, "application/json"));
Console.WriteLine(response);
}

Related

GraphQL request in C#

I'm a Unity developer tool and i want to post a GraphQL request with using System.Net.Http; (i don't want to use the GraphQL dll because there are compatibility problems).
But i have this error (got on the Debug.Log) :
POST body missing, invalid Content-Type, or JSON object has no keys.
My code :
static async Task<string> getEntityID(string path)
{
var values = new Dictionary<string, string>
{
{ "query", "query {topLevelEntityTypes {id}}" },
{ "variables", "{}" }
};
var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(values);
var response = await client.PostAsync("http://localhost:4000/graphql", content);
var responseString = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
Debug.Log(responseString);
return responseString;
}
Thank you !
Solution by ProgrammingLlama :
static async Task<string> getEntityID(string path)
{
var myObject = new QueryJson();
myObject.query = "query {topLevelEntityTypes {id}}";
myObject.variables = "{}";
var response = await client.PostAsync("http://localhost:4000/graphql", new StringContent(Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.SerializeObject(myObject), Encoding.UTF8, "application/json"));
var responseString = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
Debug.Log(responseString);
return responseString;
}
Class json
internal class QueryJson
{
public string query { get; set; }
public string variables { get; set; }
}

How do you use post to call a method from a WCF service and pass it an object?

I have added a rest API to a WCF service, unfortunately I don't really understand how to handle the POST calls correctly. For example, at WCF Service is this Save Fuction:
Interface VB.Net:
<OperationContract()>
<WebInvoke(Method:="POST", UriTemplate:="/saveNewAZEntry", BodyStyle:=WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped, RequestFormat:=WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat:=WebMessageFormat.Json)>
Function SaveNewAZEntry(ByVal NewAZEntry As AZEntry) As AZEntry
Function VB.Net:
Public Function SaveNewAZEntry(ByVal NewAZEntry As AZEntry) As AZEntry Implements IPMProService.SaveNewAZEntry
If NewAZEntry.start.Date = NewAZEntry.finished.Date And DateDiff(DateInterval.Minute, NewAZEntry.start, NewAZEntry.finished) >= My.Settings.MinAZDauer Then .......
Now I try to call this function in my application via the API:
C#:
private static HttpClient _client = new HttpClient();
private static string ServiceUrl = "http://localhost:64917/PMProService.svc/api";
[HttpPost]
internal static void SaveAZEntry(AZEntry azEntry)
{
var uri = new Uri($"{ServiceUrl}/saveNewAZEntry");
try
{
var jsonString = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(azEntry);
HttpContent content = new StringContent(jsonString, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
HttpResponseMessage response = _client.PostAsync(uri, content).Result;
response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}
Now the function is called via the API but the object is not passed to the function and is still null. What am I doing wrong here?
Let me know if this is something that helps you:
public void SendDataToWCF(AZEntry aZEntry)
{
var uri = new Uri("http://localhost:64917/PMProService.svc/api/saveNewAZEntry");
string strParam = string.Concat("param1=", aZEntry.param1, "&param2=", aZEntry.param2);
byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(strParam);
// Create request
HttpWebRequest webrequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri);
webrequest.Method = "POST";
webrequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
webrequest.ContentLength = data.Length;
//Send/Write data to your Stream/server
using (Stream newStream = webrequest.GetRequestStream())
{
newStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
}
// get the response
using (WebResponse resp = webrequest.GetResponse())
{
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream()))
{
var resultS = reader.ReadToEnd();
// Do something with your response
}
}
}
In the end it was an problem with the DateTime propertys, now I handle it this way:
internal static void SaveAZEntry(AZEntry azEntry)
{
var uri = new Uri($"{ServiceUrl}/saveNewAZEntry");
try
{
_client.SendAsync(PostRequestMessage(azEntry, uri));
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}
private static HttpRequestMessage PostRequestMessage(object obj, Uri uri)
{
var options = new JsonSerializerOptions() { WriteIndented = true };
options.Converters.Add(new CustomDateTimeConverter("dd/M/yyyy hh:mm:ss"));
var jsonString = System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Serialize(obj, options);
HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, uri);
request.Content = new StringContent(jsonString, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
return request;
}
public class CustomDateTimeConverter : System.Text.Json.Serialization.JsonConverter<DateTime>
{
private readonly string Format;
public CustomDateTimeConverter(string format) { Format = format; }
public override void Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, DateTime date, JsonSerializerOptions options)
{
//date.Subtract(new DateTime(1970, 1, 1)).TotalSeconds
//writer.WriteStringValue(date.ToString(Format));
writer.WriteStringValue("/Date(" + ConvertDatetimeToUnixTimeStamp(date) + ")/");
//writer.WriteStringValue(CreatedotNetDateFormat(date));
}
public override DateTime Read(ref Utf8JsonReader reader, Type typeToConvert, JsonSerializerOptions options)
{
return DateTime.ParseExact(reader.GetString(), Format, null);
}
public static DateTime UnixTimeStampToDateTime(double unixTimeStamp)
{
// Unix timestamp is seconds past epoch
System.DateTime dtDateTime = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, System.DateTimeKind.Utc);
dtDateTime = dtDateTime.AddSeconds(unixTimeStamp).ToLocalTime();
return dtDateTime;
}
public static long ConvertDatetimeToUnixTimeStamp(DateTime date)
{
date = date.ToLocalTime();
var dateTimeOffset = new DateTimeOffset(date);
var unixDateTime = dateTimeOffset.ToUnixTimeMilliseconds();
return unixDateTime;
}
}
Maybe it helps someone else.

Retrieving json response from httpresponse from web service

I have a web service which receives a json string and also returns the json string. But on receiving the response in the form of httpwebresponse I get
{"age":"29","name":"Alex"}.
How can I get just {"age":"29","name":"Alex"} because the above response is not getting deserialized.
Details class:
public class Details
{
public String name { get; set; }
public String age { get; set; }
}
Web service code:
[WebMethod]
[ScriptMethod(UseHttpGet=true, ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Json)]
public String getDetails(String details)
{
Details d;
Details retval=(Details)new JavaScriptSerializer().Deserialize(details, typeof(Details));
retval.age = 29.ToString();
String result = new JavaScriptSerializer().Serialize(retval);
return result;
}
Client code:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Details details = new Details();
details.name = "John";
details.age = "24";
String jsonString = new JavaScriptSerializer().Serialize(details);
var httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://localhost/JsonService/service1.asmx/getDetails");
httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8";
httpWebRequest.Method = "POST";
using (var streamWriter = new StreamWriter(httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream()))
{
jsonString="details="+jsonString;
streamWriter.Write(jsonString);
}
try
{
var httpResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
using (var streamReader = new StreamReader(httpResponse.GetResponseStream()))
{
result = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
The value of **result** comes as <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<string xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">{"age":"29","name":"Alex"}</string>
but I need only {"age":"29","name":"Alex"}
As you are sending data and expect data back in the response formatted in JSON, try to change the content header to application/json instead:
httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/json; charset=utf-8";
You may also set the accept header:
httpWebRequest.Accept = "application/json;";

consuming a RESTFUL web service in c# with JSON [duplicate]

This is the code I have so far:
public class Class1
{
private const string URL = "https://sub.domain.com/objects.json?api_key=123";
private const string DATA = #"{""object"":{""name"":""Name""}}";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Class1.CreateObject();
}
private static void CreateObject()
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/json";
request.ContentLength = DATA.Length;
StreamWriter requestWriter = new StreamWriter(request.GetRequestStream(), System.Text.Encoding.ASCII);
requestWriter.Write(DATA);
requestWriter.Close();
try {
WebResponse webResponse = request.GetResponse();
Stream webStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader responseReader = new StreamReader(webStream);
string response = responseReader.ReadToEnd();
Console.Out.WriteLine(response);
responseReader.Close();
} catch (Exception e) {
Console.Out.WriteLine("-----------------");
Console.Out.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
}
The problem is that I think the exception block is being triggered (because when I remove the try-catch, I get a server error (500) message. But I don't see the Console.Out lines I put in the catch block.
My Console:
The thread 'vshost.NotifyLoad' (0x1a20) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread '<No Name>' (0x1988) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 'vshost.LoadReference' (0x1710) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
'ConsoleApplication1.vshost.exe' (Managed (v4.0.30319)): Loaded 'c:\users\l. preston sego iii\documents\visual studio 11\Projects\ConsoleApplication1\ConsoleApplication1\bin\Debug\ConsoleApplication1.exe', Symbols loaded.
'ConsoleApplication1.vshost.exe' (Managed (v4.0.30319)): Loaded 'C:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Configuration\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\System.Configuration.dll', Skipped loading symbols. Module is optimized and the debugger option 'Just My Code' is enabled.
A first chance exception of type 'System.Net.WebException' occurred in System.dll
The thread 'vshost.RunParkingWindow' (0x184c) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread '<No Name>' (0x1810) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The program '[2780] ConsoleApplication1.vshost.exe: Program Trace' has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The program '[2780] ConsoleApplication1.vshost.exe: Managed (v4.0.30319)' has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The ASP.NET Web API has replaced the WCF Web API previously mentioned.
I thought I'd post an updated answer since most of these responses are from early 2012, and this thread is one of the top results when doing a Google search for "call restful service C#".
Current guidance from Microsoft is to use the Microsoft ASP.NET Web API Client Libraries to consume a RESTful service. This is available as a NuGet package, Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client. You will need to add this NuGet package to your solution.
Here's how your example would look when implemented using the ASP.NET Web API Client Library:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
namespace ConsoleProgram
{
public class DataObject
{
public string Name { get; set; }
}
public class Class1
{
private const string URL = "https://sub.domain.com/objects.json";
private string urlParameters = "?api_key=123";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(URL);
// Add an Accept header for JSON format.
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(
new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
// List data response.
HttpResponseMessage response = client.GetAsync(urlParameters).Result; // Blocking call! Program will wait here until a response is received or a timeout occurs.
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
// Parse the response body.
var dataObjects = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IEnumerable<DataObject>>().Result; //Make sure to add a reference to System.Net.Http.Formatting.dll
foreach (var d in dataObjects)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}", d.Name);
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})", (int)response.StatusCode, response.ReasonPhrase);
}
// Make any other calls using HttpClient here.
// Dispose once all HttpClient calls are complete. This is not necessary if the containing object will be disposed of; for example in this case the HttpClient instance will be disposed automatically when the application terminates so the following call is superfluous.
client.Dispose();
}
}
}
If you plan on making multiple requests, you should re-use your HttpClient instance. See this question and its answers for more details on why a using statement was not used on the HttpClient instance in this case: Do HttpClient and HttpClientHandler have to be disposed between requests?
For more details, including other examples, see Call a Web API From a .NET Client (C#)
This blog post may also be useful: Using HttpClient to Consume ASP.NET Web API REST Services
My suggestion would be to use RestSharp. You can make calls to REST services and have them cast into POCO objects with very little boilerplate code to actually have to parse through the response. This will not solve your particular error, but it answers your overall question of how to make calls to REST services. Having to change your code to use it should pay off in the ease of use and robustness moving forward. That is just my two cents though.
Example:
namespace RestSharpThingy
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Reflection;
using RestSharp;
public static class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
Uri baseUrl = new Uri("https://httpbin.org/");
IRestClient client = new RestClient(baseUrl);
IRestRequest request = new RestRequest("get", Method.GET) { Credentials = new NetworkCredential("testUser", "P455w0rd") };
request.AddHeader("Authorization", "Bearer qaPmk9Vw8o7r7UOiX-3b-8Z_6r3w0Iu2pecwJ3x7CngjPp2fN3c61Q_5VU3y0rc-vPpkTKuaOI2eRs3bMyA5ucKKzY1thMFoM0wjnReEYeMGyq3JfZ-OIko1if3NmIj79ZSpNotLL2734ts2jGBjw8-uUgKet7jQAaq-qf5aIDwzUo0bnGosEj_UkFxiJKXPPlF2L4iNJSlBqRYrhw08RK1SzB4tf18Airb80WVy1Kewx2NGq5zCC-SCzvJW-mlOtjIDBAQ5intqaRkwRaSyjJ_MagxJF_CLc4BNUYC3hC2ejQDoTE6HYMWMcg0mbyWghMFpOw3gqyfAGjr6LPJcIly__aJ5__iyt-BTkOnMpDAZLTjzx4qDHMPWeND-TlzKWXjVb5yMv5Q6Jg6UmETWbuxyTdvGTJFzanUg1HWzPr7gSs6GLEv9VDTMiC8a5sNcGyLcHBIJo8mErrZrIssHvbT8ZUPWtyJaujKvdgazqsrad9CO3iRsZWQJ3lpvdQwucCsyjoRVoj_mXYhz3JK3wfOjLff16Gy1NLbj4gmOhBBRb8rJnUXnP7rBHs00FAk59BIpKLIPIyMgYBApDCut8V55AgXtGs4MgFFiJKbuaKxq8cdMYEVBTzDJ-S1IR5d6eiTGusD5aFlUkAs9NV_nFw");
request.AddParameter("clientId", 123);
IRestResponse<RootObject> response = client.Execute<RootObject>(request);
if (response.IsSuccessful)
{
response.Data.Write();
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine(response.ErrorMessage);
}
Console.WriteLine();
string path = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;
string name = Path.GetFileName(path);
request = new RestRequest("post", Method.POST);
request.AddFile(name, File.ReadAllBytes(path), name, "application/octet-stream");
response = client.Execute<RootObject>(request);
if (response.IsSuccessful)
{
response.Data.Write();
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine(response.ErrorMessage);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
private static void Write(this RootObject rootObject)
{
Console.WriteLine("clientId: " + rootObject.args.clientId);
Console.WriteLine("Accept: " + rootObject.headers.Accept);
Console.WriteLine("AcceptEncoding: " + rootObject.headers.AcceptEncoding);
Console.WriteLine("AcceptLanguage: " + rootObject.headers.AcceptLanguage);
Console.WriteLine("Authorization: " + rootObject.headers.Authorization);
Console.WriteLine("Connection: " + rootObject.headers.Connection);
Console.WriteLine("Dnt: " + rootObject.headers.Dnt);
Console.WriteLine("Host: " + rootObject.headers.Host);
Console.WriteLine("Origin: " + rootObject.headers.Origin);
Console.WriteLine("Referer: " + rootObject.headers.Referer);
Console.WriteLine("UserAgent: " + rootObject.headers.UserAgent);
Console.WriteLine("origin: " + rootObject.origin);
Console.WriteLine("url: " + rootObject.url);
Console.WriteLine("data: " + rootObject.data);
Console.WriteLine("files: ");
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in rootObject.files ?? Enumerable.Empty<KeyValuePair<string, string>>())
{
Console.WriteLine("\t" + kvp.Key + ": " + kvp.Value);
}
}
}
public class Args
{
public string ClientId { get; set; }
}
public class Headers
{
public string Accept { get; set; }
public string AcceptEncoding { get; set; }
public string AcceptLanguage { get; set; }
public string Authorization { get; set; }
public string Connection { get; set; }
public string Dnt { get; set; }
public string Host { get; set; }
public string Origin { get; set; }
public string Referer { get; set; }
public string UserAgent { get; set; }
}
public class RootObject
{
public Args args { get; set; }
public Headers Headers { get; set; }
public string Origin { get; set; }
public string Url { get; set; }
public string Data { get; set; }
public Dictionary<string, string> Files { get; set; }
}
}
Unrelated, I'm sure, but do wrap your IDisposable objects in using blocks to ensure proper disposal:
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
namespace ConsoleProgram
{
public class Class1
{
private const string URL = "https://sub.domain.com/objects.json?api_key=123";
private const string DATA = #"{""object"":{""name"":""Name""}}";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Class1.CreateObject();
}
private static void CreateObject()
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/json";
request.ContentLength = DATA.Length;
using (Stream webStream = request.GetRequestStream())
using (StreamWriter requestWriter = new StreamWriter(webStream, System.Text.Encoding.ASCII))
{
requestWriter.Write(DATA);
}
try
{
WebResponse webResponse = request.GetResponse();
using (Stream webStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream() ?? Stream.Null)
using (StreamReader responseReader = new StreamReader(webStream))
{
string response = responseReader.ReadToEnd();
Console.Out.WriteLine(response);
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.Out.WriteLine("-----------------");
Console.Out.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
}
}
Here are a few different ways of calling an external API in C# (updated 2019).
.NET's built-in ways:
WebRequest& WebClient - verbose APIs & Microsoft's documentation is not very easy to follow
HttpClient - .NET's newest kid on the block & much simpler to use than above.
Free, open-source NuGet Packages, which frankly have a much better developer experience than .NET's built in clients:
ServiceStack.Text (1,000 GitHub stars, 7 million NuGet downloads) (*) - fast, light and resilient.
RestSharp (6,000 GitHub stars, 23 million NuGet downloads) (*) - simple REST and HTTP API Client
Flurl (1,700 GitHub stars, 3 million NuGet downloads) (*)- a fluent, portable, testable HTTP client library
All the above packages provide a great developer experience (i.e., concise, easy API) and are well maintained.
(*) as at August 2019
Example: Getting a Todo item from a Fake Rest API using ServiceStack.Text.
The other libraries have very similar syntax.
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Fake rest API
string url = "https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1";
// GET data from API & map to POCO
var todo = url.GetJsonFromUrl().FromJson<Todo>();
// Print the result to screen
todo.PrintDump();
}
public class Todo
{
public int UserId { get; set; }
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Title { get; set; }
public bool Completed { get; set; }
}
}
Running the above example in a .NET Core Console app, produces the following output.
Install these packages using NuGet
Install-Package ServiceStack.Text, or
Install-Package RestSharp, or
Install-Package Flurl.Http
A solution in ASP.NET Core:
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Configuration;
namespace WebApp
{
public static class HttpHelper
{
// In my case this is https://localhost:44366/
private static readonly string apiBasicUri = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["apiBasicUri"];
public static async Task Post<T>(string url, T contentValue)
{
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(apiBasicUri);
var content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(contentValue), Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
var result = await client.PostAsync(url, content);
result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
}
}
public static async Task Put<T>(string url, T stringValue)
{
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(apiBasicUri);
var content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(stringValue), Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
var result = await client.PutAsync(url, content);
result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
}
}
public static async Task<T> Get<T>(string url)
{
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(apiBasicUri);
var result = await client.GetAsync(url);
result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
string resultContentString = await result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
T resultContent = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(resultContentString);
return resultContent;
}
}
public static async Task Delete(string url)
{
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(apiBasicUri);
var result = await client.DeleteAsync(url);
result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
}
}
}
}
To post, use something like this:
await HttpHelper.Post<Setting>($"/api/values/{id}", setting);
Example for delete:
await HttpHelper.Delete($"/api/values/{id}");
Example to get a list:
List<ClaimTerm> claimTerms = await HttpHelper.Get<List<ClaimTerm>>("/api/values/");
Example to get only one:
ClaimTerm processedClaimImage = await HttpHelper.Get<ClaimTerm>($"/api/values/{id}");
Please use the below code for your REST API request:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Json;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
class Program
{
private const string URL = "https://XXXX/rest/api/2/component";
private const string DATA = #"{
""name"": ""Component 2"",
""description"": ""This is a JIRA component"",
""leadUserName"": ""xx"",
""assigneeType"": ""PROJECT_LEAD"",
""isAssigneeTypeValid"": false,
""project"": ""TP""}";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
AddComponent();
}
private static void AddComponent()
{
System.Net.Http.HttpClient client = new System.Net.Http.HttpClient();
client.BaseAddress = new System.Uri(URL);
byte[] cred = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("username:password");
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new System.Net.Http.Headers.AuthenticationHeaderValue("Basic", Convert.ToBase64String(cred));
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
System.Net.Http.HttpContent content = new StringContent(DATA, UTF8Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
HttpResponseMessage messge = client.PostAsync(URL, content).Result;
string description = string.Empty;
if (messge.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
string result = messge.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
description = result;
}
}
}
}
Calling a REST API when using .NET 4.5 or .NET Core
I would suggest DalSoft.RestClient (caveat: I created it). The reason being, because it uses dynamic typing, you can wrap everything up in one fluent call including serialization/de-serialization. Below is a working PUT example:
dynamic client = new RestClient("http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com");
var post = new Post { title = "foo", body = "bar", userId = 10 };
var result = await client.Posts(1).Put(post);
GET:
// GET JSON Response
public WeatherResponseModel GET(string url) {
WeatherResponseModel model = new WeatherResponseModel();
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
try {
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
using(Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream()) {
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
model = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject < WeatherResponseModel > (reader.ReadToEnd());
}
} catch (WebException ex) {
WebResponse errorResponse = ex.Response;
using(Stream responseStream = errorResponse.GetResponseStream()) {
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"));
String errorText = reader.ReadToEnd();
// Log errorText
}
throw;
}
return model;
}
POST:
// POST a JSON string
void POST(string url, string jsonContent) {
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "POST";
System.Text.UTF8Encoding encoding = new System.Text.UTF8Encoding();
Byte[]byteArray = encoding.GetBytes(jsonContent);
request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
request.ContentType = # "application/json";
using(Stream dataStream = request.GetRequestStream()) {
dataStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
}
long length = 0;
try {
using(HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse()) {
// Got response
length = response.ContentLength;
}
} catch (WebException ex) {
WebResponse errorResponse = ex.Response;
using(Stream responseStream = errorResponse.GetResponseStream()) {
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"));
String errorText = reader.ReadToEnd();
// Log errorText
}
throw;
}
}
Note: To serialize and desirialze JSON, I used the Newtonsoft.Json NuGet package.
Check out Refit for making calls to REST services from .NET. I've found it very easy to use:
Refit: The automatic type-safe REST library for .NET Core, Xamarin and
.NET
Refit is a library heavily inspired by Square's Retrofit library, and
it turns your REST API into a live interface:
public interface IGitHubApi {
[Get("/users/{user}")]
Task<User> GetUser(string user);
}
// The RestService class generates an implementation of IGitHubApi
// that uses HttpClient to make its calls:
var gitHubApi = RestService.For<IGitHubApi>("https://api.github.com");
var octocat = await gitHubApi.GetUser("octocat");
This is example code that works for sure. It took me a day to make this to read a set of objects from a REST service:
RootObject is the type of the object I'm reading from the REST service.
string url = #"http://restcountries.eu/rest/v1";
DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(IEnumerable<RootObject>));
WebClient syncClient = new WebClient();
string content = syncClient.DownloadString(url);
using (MemoryStream memo = new MemoryStream(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(content)))
{
IEnumerable<RootObject> countries = (IEnumerable<RootObject>)serializer.ReadObject(memo);
}
Console.Read();
I did it in this simple way, with Web API 2.0. You can remove UseDefaultCredentials. I used it for my own use cases.
List<YourObject> listObjects = new List<YourObject>();
string response = "";
using (var client = new WebClient() { UseDefaultCredentials = true })
{
response = client.DownloadString(apiUrl);
}
listObjects = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<YourObject>>(response);
return listObjects;
var TakingRequset = WebRequest.Create("http://xxx.acv.com/MethodName/Get");
TakingRequset.Method = "POST";
TakingRequset.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=utf-8";
TakingRequset.PreAuthenticate = true;
//---Serving Request path query
var PAQ = TakingRequset.RequestUri.PathAndQuery;
//---creating your xml as per the host reqirement
string xmlroot=#"<root><childnodes>passing parameters</childnodes></root>";
string xmlroot2=#"<root><childnodes>passing parameters</childnodes></root>";
//---Adding Headers as requested by host
xmlroot2 = (xmlroot2 + "XXX---");
//---Adding Headers Value as requested by host
// var RequestheaderVales = Method(xmlroot2);
WebProxy proxy = new WebProxy("XXXXX-----llll", 8080);
proxy.Credentials = new NetworkCredential("XXX---uuuu", "XXX----", "XXXX----");
System.Net.WebRequest.DefaultWebProxy = proxy;
// Adding The Request into Headers
TakingRequset.Headers.Add("xxx", "Any Request Variable ");
TakingRequset.Headers.Add("xxx", "Any Request Variable");
byte[] byteData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xmlroot);
TakingRequset.ContentLength = byteData.Length;
using (Stream postStream = TakingRequset.GetRequestStream())
{
postStream.Write(byteData, 0, byteData.Length);
postStream.Close();
}
StreamReader stredr = new StreamReader(TakingRequset.GetResponse().GetResponseStream());
string response = stredr.ReadToEnd();
The answer marked here suggests using HttpClient directly and the disposing of it. This might work, but it's quite easy to run in to problems with HttpClient if you don't use it correctly.
If you're going to use HttpClient, you're better off handing over the creation/disposal of HttpClients to a third-party library that uses the factory pattern. RestClient.Net is one such library.
It comes with a very basic HttpClient factory so that you don't run in to the socket exhaustion problem,
public class DefaultHttpClientFactory : IHttpClientFactory, IDisposable
{
#region Fields
private bool disposed;
private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, Lazy<HttpClient>> _httpClients;
private readonly Func<string, Lazy<HttpClient>> _createClientFunc;
#endregion
#region Constructor
public DefaultHttpClientFactory() : this(null)
{
}
public DefaultHttpClientFactory(Func<string, Lazy<HttpClient>> createClientFunc)
{
_createClientFunc = createClientFunc;
_httpClients = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, Lazy<HttpClient>>();
if (_createClientFunc != null) return;
_createClientFunc = name =>
{
return new Lazy<HttpClient>(() => new HttpClient(), LazyThreadSafetyMode.ExecutionAndPublication);
};
}
#endregion
#region Implementation
public HttpClient CreateClient(string name)
{
if (name == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
}
return _httpClients.GetOrAdd(name, _createClientFunc).Value;
}
public void Dispose()
{
if (disposed) return;
disposed = true;
foreach (var name in _httpClients.Keys)
{
_httpClients[name].Value.Dispose();
}
}
#endregion
}
But Microsoft's IHttpClientFactory implementation can also be used for the latest and greatest:
var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();
var baseUri = new Uri("http://www.test.com");
serviceCollection.AddSingleton(typeof(ISerializationAdapter), typeof(NewtonsoftSerializationAdapter));
serviceCollection.AddSingleton(typeof(ILogger), typeof(ConsoleLogger));
serviceCollection.AddSingleton(typeof(IClient), typeof(Client));
serviceCollection.AddDependencyInjectionMapping();
serviceCollection.AddTransient<TestHandler>();
//Make sure the HttpClient is named the same as the Rest Client
serviceCollection.AddSingleton<IClient>(x => new Client(name: clientName, httpClientFactory: x.GetRequiredService<IHttpClientFactory>()));
serviceCollection.AddHttpClient(clientName, (c) => { c.BaseAddress = baseUri; })
.AddHttpMessageHandler<TestHandler>();
var serviceProvider = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider();
var client = serviceProvider.GetService<IClient>();
await client.GetAsync<object>();
RestClient.Net takes in to account dependency injection, mocking, IoC containers, unit testability, and above all is fast. I've hunted around and the only the other client that seems to work in a similar capacity is Flurl.Http.
We have started using speakeasy. It is great:
https://github.com/jonnii/SpeakEasy
// create a client
var client = HttpClient.Create("http://example.com/api");
// get some companies!
var companies = client.Get("companies").OnOk().As<List<Company>>();
// upload a company, with validation error support
client.Post(company, "companies")
.On(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, (List<ValidationError> errors) => {
Console.WriteLine("Ruh Roh, you have {0} validation errors", errors.Count());
})
.On(HttpStatusCode.Created, () => Console.WriteLine("Holy moly you win!"));
// update a company
client.Put(company, "company/:id", new { id = "awesome-sauce" })
.OnOk(() => Console.WriteLine("Company updated"));
// run a search
client.Get("images/:category", new { category = "cats", breed = "omg the cutest", size = "kittens" })
.OnOk().As<List<Image>>();
// make an asynchronous request
var response = await client.GetAsync("companies/:id", new { id = 5 })
response.OnOk(UpdateCompaniesCallback)
Since you are using Visual Studio 11 Beta, you will want to use the latest and greatest. The new Web API contains classes for this.
See HttpClient: http://wcf.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=WCF%20HTTP
HTTP GET Request
string api = this.configuration["getApiUrl"];//Read from Iconfiguration object injected
public async Task<HttpResponseMessage> GetAsync(string api, ILogger log, params dynamic[] parameters)
{
log.LogInformation($"Get Token");
var token = await GetTokenAsync(this.configuration["ClientId"], this.configuration["AppKey"]).ConfigureAwait(false);
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue(BearerTokenName, token);
var apiBaseUrl = this.configuration["BaseUrl"];
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(apiBaseUrl);
var apiUrl = ConstructUrl(api, parameters);
var result = await client.GetAsync(apiUrl).ConfigureAwait(false);
if (result.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK)
{
return result;
}
else
{
throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(result.StatusCode) { Content = new StringContent(result.ReasonPhrase) });
}
}
}
Read String from HttpResponseMessage as below
var client = await this.httpClientService.GetAsync(url, logger, Convert.ToInt32(Id, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)).ConfigureAwait(false);
var response = await client.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
HTTP POST Request
public async Task<string> PostAsync(string api, string contentValue, ILogger logger)
{
var token = await GetTokenAsync(this.configuration["ClientId"], this.configuration["AppKey"]).ConfigureAwait(false);
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue(BearerTokenName, token);
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(resource);
var content = new StringContent(contentValue, Encoding.UTF8, MediaTypeNames.Application.Json);
var result = await client.PostAsync(new Uri(api, UriKind.Relative), content).ConfigureAwait(false);
if (result.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK)
{
return await result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
}
else
{
throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(result.StatusCode) { Content = new StringContent(result.ReasonPhrase) });
}
}
}
var response = await this.httpClientService.PostAsync(this.configuration["getDetails"], content, this.configuration["ApiBaseUrl"], logger).ConfigureAwait(false);
catch (System.Web.Http.HttpResponseException httpException)
{
if (httpException.Response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized)
{
logger.LogError($"Failed To Update", httpException);
}
else
{
throw;
}
}
return response;
The first step is to create the helper class for the HTTP client.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace callApi.Helpers
{
public class CallApi
{
private readonly Uri BaseUrlUri;
private HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
public CallApi(string baseUrl)
{
BaseUrlUri = new Uri(baseUrl);
client.BaseAddress = BaseUrlUri;
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(
new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
}
public HttpClient getClient()
{
return client;
}
public HttpClient getClientWithBearer(string token)
{
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", token);
return client;
}
}
}
Then you can use this class in your code.
This is an example of how you call the REST API without bearer using the above class.
// GET API/values
[HttpGet]
public async Task<ActionResult<string>> postNoBearerAsync(string email, string password,string baseUrl, string action)
{
var request = new LoginRequest
{
email = email,
password = password
};
var callApi = new CallApi(baseUrl);
var client = callApi.getClient();
HttpResponseMessage response = await client.PostAsJsonAsync(action, request);
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
return Ok(await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<string>());
else
return NotFound();
}
This is an example of how you can call the REST API that require bearer.
// GET API/values
[HttpGet]
public async Task<ActionResult<string>> getUseBearerAsync(string token, string baseUrl, string action)
{
var callApi = new CallApi(baseUrl);
var client = callApi.getClient();
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", token);
HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync(action);
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
return Ok(await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync());
}
else
return NotFound();
}
You can also refer to the below repository if you want to see the working example of how it works.
https://github.com/mokh223/callApi

Web request to .NET Web Api Service gets 401 unauthorized error

I have a web api service that I want another .Net app to make a web request to, however I'm getting the following error when doing so:
"The remote server returned an error: (401) Unauthorized."
Just to clarify, these are 2 separate .net apps that are trying to communicate.
Here's the code for the client .Net c# app trying to make the web request to the other web api service:
public string MakeWebRequest()
{
var requestUrl = "http://localhost:8081/api/Tests/results";
var request = WebRequest.Create(requestUrl);
var username = "test";
var password = "test";
SetBasicAuthHeader(request, username, password);
var postData = "thing1=hello";
postData += "&thing2=world";
var data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/json";
request.ContentLength = data.Length;
//request.Expect = "application/json";
using (var stream = request.GetRequestStream())
{
stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
}
string text;
var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
using (var sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
{
text = sr.ReadToEnd();
}
return null;
}
public static void SetBasicAuthHeader(WebRequest request, String userName, String userPassword)
{
string authInfo = userName + ":" + userPassword;
authInfo = Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(authInfo));
request.Headers["Authorization"] = "Basic " + authInfo;
}
And here's the code of the .Net c# web api service that should receive the web request from the other app:
[RoutePrefix("api/Tests")]
public class TestsApiController : ApiController
{
[POST("results")]
[AcceptVerbs("POST")]
[HttpPost]
[BasicAuthAuthorize(Roles="Admin")]
public JObject resultsFinished()
{
//do something
}
}
And here's the Basic Auth Attribute I created, which doesn't even get hit from the client service.
public class BasicAuthAuthorizeAttribute : AuthorizeAttribute
{
private const string BasicAuthResponseHeader = "WWW-Authenticate";
private const string BasicAuthResponseHeaderValue = "Basic";
public override void OnAuthorization(HttpActionContext actionContext)
{
try
{
AuthenticationHeaderValue authValue = actionContext.Request.Headers.Authorization;
if (authValue != null && !String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(authValue.Parameter) && authValue.Scheme == BasicAuthResponseHeaderValue)
{
var parsedCredentials = ParseAuthorizationHeader(authValue.Parameter);
if (parsedCredentials != null)
{
if (parsedCredentials.Username == IoC.Username && parsedCredentials.Password == IoC.Password)
return;
}
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
//actionContext.Response = actionContext.Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized);
actionContext.Response.Headers.Add(BasicAuthResponseHeader, BasicAuthResponseHeaderValue);
return;
}
}
private Credentials ParseAuthorizationHeader(string authHeader)
{
string[] credentials = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(Convert.FromBase64String(authHeader)).Split(new[] { ':' });
if (credentials.Length != 2 || string.IsNullOrEmpty(credentials[0]) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(credentials[1]))
return null;
return new Credentials() { Username = credentials[0], Password = credentials[1], };
}
}
//Client credential
public class Credentials
{
public string Username { get; set; }
public string Password { get; set; }
}
Try using a tool like fiddler to troubleshoot what is being sent to the web service:
http://www.telerik.com/fiddler

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