Instantiate and Fire Object, when OnTriggerEnter or OnCollisionEnter - c#

I would like a bullet that is fired from the Enemy, to bounce back off my Players shield.
I have set up my character and the enemy fires towards me at time intervals.
I can then activate my players shield (turning on a BoxCollider) and pressing a button.
So when the Bullet (IsTrigger) collides with my Players Shield (IsNotTrigger) I want to remove this Bullet and then Instantiate a new Bullet from the shield, in the direction of the Enemy.
I am also having an issue destroying the Bullet.
When the OnTriggerEvent or OnColliderEvent occurs (tried both), hundreds of bullets will appear from my Shield. How do I only allow one bullet to be fired towards the enemy?
Below is part of my script, which is located in the GameObject of my Players Shield.
Ideally I would like to destroy the bullet once it has collided with an object.
void OnTriggerEnter(Collider col) {
if (col.tag == "Weapon") {
attack();
}
}
private void attack() {
if (!GameManager.instance.GameOver) {
bulletReturnClone = Instantiate(bulletReturn, transform.position, transform.rotation) as GameObject;
bulletReturnClone.GetComponent<Rigidbody>().velocity = transform.forward * 25f;

Strachan,
That's not how I would approach the problem but I will stick to your desired solution then share some ideas for improvement.
void OnTriggerEnter(Collider col) {
if (col.tag == "Weapon") {
attack(col);
}
}
private void attack(Collider col) {
if (!GameManager.instance.GameOver) {
bulletReturnClone = Instantiate(bulletReturn, transform.position, transform.rotation) as GameObject;
bulletReturnClone.GetComponent<Rigidbody>().velocity = transform.forward * 25f;
// the following line of code should remove the bullet from the shield collider in order to prevent any future problems like spawning multiple bullets or instantly destroying the newly created bullet
bulletReturnClone.GetComponent<Transform>().position *= bulletReturnClone.GetComponent<Rigidbody>().velocity;
Destroy(col.gameObject);
}
}
If your trigger(Bullet) is tagged as weapon this code should achieve your intentional goal of reflecting the bullet in the direction of your shield pointing to by destroying the bullet and instantiating a new one and modifying it's velocity. It works but it's kind of sloppy development. It can be much better if you approach the problem from a different perspective - the one of the Bullet not the Shield.
Let's pretend for a moment you are a Bullet. All you do is fly in the direction you are shot. Once you collide with a terrain you stop/disappear. If this terrain is a shield you don't stop/disappear but change your direction (you get reflected).
So... long story short... the one who should have a trigger collider is the bullet not the shield. OnTriggerEnter(Collider col) for the bullet script will destroy it but if col.tag == "Shield" the bullet will only change its direction without all the useless instantiations and transformations.
I'm too lazy to write the code for the 2nd solution. If you got my point you should be able to easily write it down. Also learning through trials and errors helps you develop (excuse for me being lazy).

Im not really sure why you would want to despawn and respawn the bullet with a new velocity?
Depending on the shield geometry you could look up Coefficients of Restitution and therefore reflect the kinetic energy of the bullet into a realistic velocity.
Note the complexity of that maths will be proportional to the complexity of your shield geometry depending on the different collision primitives.
Sphere-sphere
Sphere-plane
Sphere-terrain (terrain could represent any un-even surface)
Or are you trying to collect the bullets in some sort of "charge" mechanic to release them back at a different time?

Related

unity how can ı use ForceMode.Impulse without gravity?

I'm making a multiplayer fish game. that's why ı unchecked use gravtiy on player's rigidbody to make fish move. I want when player hit a collider the player object bounce back. I wrote this code
PlayerRb.AddForce(0, 1f, 0, ForceMode.Impulse);
when I use "use gravity" it works but when I don't use "use gravity", player object goes on forever. I want to bounce one time when player hit the ground. Ground has "map" tag. Like this.
private void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other)
{
if (other.tag == "taban")
{
PlayerRb.AddForce(0, 1f, 0, ForceMode.Impulse);
}
}
But as I said when player hit the "map" player's object goes forever and it doesn't stop. how can ı fix it?
The problem
By default unity does not have any kind of air resistance when adding force to objects. This means that if you add force to an object and there is no gravity or friction to counteract the force it will keep going forever. To fix this you need to increase the drag setting on the player rigidbody. That will make the rigidbody gradually slow down as it travels.
Here is a demonstration video of how drag will slow down an object.

Can You Make A Certain Instantiated Clone Of A Prefab In Unity Get Destroyed When Something Enters Its Trigger?

Basically, I have a bullet that gets shot from a gun on your player when you left-click. I can't specifically destroy the bullet that hits something, it destroys all of the bullets. :C
I Assume A Good Fix For This Would Be To Make It Destroy Itself When Something Enters Its Trigger?
I Don't Know How To Do That Though So If Anyone Can Help That Would Be Awesome!
If You Want To See My Code Then You Can Just Ask.
this is on the thing that the bullet hits:
void OnTriggerEnter()
{
enemyHealth -= 2f;
ishit = true;
}
void OnTriggerExit()
{
ishit = false;
}
its setting a static variable to true and false.
this is on the bullet:
void Update()
{
transform.Translate(Vector2.right * mspeed * Time.deltaTime);
bool hit = Enemy.ishit;
if (hit == true)
{
Object.Destroy(gameObject);
}
}
its using the static bool to destroy itself
Thanks!
Your best bet is calling Object.Destroy on your bullet instance.
That will not destroy any other bullet.
If you mean to destroy the object associated with the current script, you can also call Object.Destroy on this.gameObject.
You can do this call OnCollisionEnter.
Edit: Your problem is not that Object.Destroy is destroying all bullets, but rather that every bullet destroys itself when one bullet hits.
You might want to try:
void OnTriggerEnter(Collider bullet)
{
enemyHealth -= 2f;
Object.Destroy(bullet.gameObject);
}
You can have a script on "damageable" objects tracking collision and destroying the bullet that colides with it, or have the script on the bullet prefab destroying it self on collision.
Deppending on your game an alternative approach is to not instantiate bullets at all, if you are shooting bullets that move as fast as bullets really move, the player isnt going to see them anyway, you can use raycast to see if you are hitting something when the player shoots, make a sound, a muzzle flash, drop an empty cartdrige on the ground, and in case the player hits anything, instantiate some particles or whatever effect the bullet would have on the other end and be done with it...

Unity: Enemy objects passing through box collider on edges of background

I'm developing a simple 2D Unity game (which I'm very new to so sorry if this is a silly question!) in which my player can eat its enemies by colliding with them. This works fine as I'm just selecting the "is trigger" component for the enemies and using this code in my Player class:
private void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D other)
{
Debug.Log("Hit detected");
Destroy(other.gameObject);
transform.localScale += new Vector3(x, y, z);
}
However, this means the colliders placed around the border of my background image aren't stopping the enemies. What's the best fix for this?
I don't understand very well your question. However it seems that your collisions are not working. So, remember that for have collisions actually taking place in your game you need to use colliders and that one of the two elements participating in the collision need to have the rigidbody component.
That will make the physics work in the engine, which triggers dont.
To check if that works you can debug with:
// called on collision
void OnCollisionEnter2D(Collision2D col)
{
Debug.Log("OnCollisionEnter2D");
}
From what I understood, you want only to detect triggers between the player and the enemies, but you still want these to collide with physic objects in your scene, such as background colliders.
One possible way to achieve this is to create a child object for the player object with a collider component with the trigger option set, and attaching a script to it to handle the triggers. Then, with the use of layers to group your player and enemy objects, you can uncheck the collision between them following: Edit -> Project Settings -> Physics 2D: "Layer Collision Matrix".
You can assign a script to any enemy, checking the distance with the player in each frame. Then you can Uncheck "is trigger"
Vector2.Distance

How come the Collider falls from the GameObject when a RigidBody is added?

I could really need some help with my GameObjects.
I am working on a game in which I want a pick-up Item to create a Physics Force explosion to blow away the enemies. I made a simple Bomb-Object to test this idea. I added a straightforward code, using a loop to collect all the colliders within its radius, to then addForce to these colliders. Now the code is working properly, but not all my GameObjects are reacting properly.
I looked into why this is, and I noticed that my Collider keeps falling away from the GameObject as soon as I add a RigidBody component to the object. The RigidBody is needed for the AddForce impact. When I remove the rb, the collider stays in place, but the object does not react to the Physics Force.
I added some images to illustrate what I mean:
Image of the Collider of the leaf sinking away..
Example image of objects which DO react to the AddForce.
I already tried to:
Copy/Paste all component settings from the reacting Cube and stone
Gameobjects to the Leaf Gameobject while disabling all other code
such as the c# scripts. The Collider & RB do not fall through the
floor but when Physics Force hits the Collider is blown away while
the GameObject keeps its position.
Try different GameObjects/Collider types.
Removed the water.
Play with amount of force/radius of the bomb.
Edited 'Tag' and 'Layerstyle' of GameObject.
The 'Explosion Code' is added below, however, I don't think the problem is in the code. I added the code to the Main Camera of my scene, and added a simple sphere as the 'bomb' GameObject.
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class Explosion : MonoBehaviour
{
public GameObject bomb; //set the position of the explosion
public float power = 10.0f;
public float radius = 10.0f;
public float upForce = 0.0f;
private void FixedUpdate()
{
if (Input.GetKeyDown("space"))
{
print("space key was pressed");
Invoke("Detonate", 1);
}
}
void Detonate()
{
Vector3 explosionPosition = bomb.transform.position; //set the position of our explosion to the position of the bomb.
Collider[] colliders = Physics.OverlapSphere(explosionPosition, radius); //collects all colliders within the radius.
foreach (Collider hit in colliders) { //for each individual collider the following code is ran.
Rigidbody rb = hit.GetComponent<Rigidbody>(); //declare'rb' rigidbody. Get rb component from each collider
if (rb != null)
{
print("BOOM!");
rb.AddExplosionForce(power, explosionPosition, radius, upForce, ForceMode.Impulse); //add force to each collider
}
}
}
}
How do I make the Rigidbody, Collider and GameObject of the leaf hold onto each other like the standard 3D object 'cube', so that I can make these blow away with the Physics Force just like the other models?
Thank you for your time, I have been trying things and looking around on the Internet for hours now but can't seem to find any solution.
What happens if you add the rigidbody in stop mode and press play? Does it move away in a similar manner? This may, and is expected to happen, if your colliders intersect with each other. As soon as you add a rigidbody, they find themselves trapped in a serious collision.
If you don't want to modify the scene, you can fiddle with the collision matrix in project settings / physics

Creating an endless spinner in Unity

I want a gameobject spinning around its y-axis. This spinner should have a initial movement direction and when colliding with something, it should change its direction.
I created a little picture to show what I mean, but I want the behaviour for a 3D game.
So I just started with the rotation of the spinner,
public class Spinner : MonoBehaviour
{
[SerializeField]
private float movementSpeed; // speed when moving
[SerializeField]
private float rotationSpeed; // speed when rotating
private Rigidbody rigid;
private Vector3 movementDirection; // the direction the spinner is moving
private void Start()
{
rigid = GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
}
private void FixedUpdate()
{
transform.Rotate(0, rotationSpeed, 0); // rotate the spinner around its y-axis
}
private void OnCollisionEnter(Collision col)
{
// set new direction
}
}
How can I move the spinner, that it moves along a direction and whenever it collides with something, it changes its direction. It should never stop moving or rotating.
I would like to point out a few things:
The Unity Physics Engine will make collisions to absorb part of the force which moves your spinner, so unless you keep adding "artificial" forces to the spinner it will eventually stop.
The "air friction" in your scene will also reduce the force of your
spinner, so it will slow it down. You should add a material to the
spinner which has 0 Dynamic Friction
Based on the comment you left in #reymoss' answer, you may consider
to add the bouncy material to the walls, and not to the spinning
GameObject.
To sum up, the issue here is if you want a GameObject to bounce against a wall using the Physics Engine, the object will eventually stop, because some of the forces will be absorbed in each collision. That means you will need to keep adding external forces every time a collision takes place, to keep it moving endlessly.
Something you can try is,
1- Add a bouncy material to the walls and remove the dynamic friction of your spinner. In the following link you can learn about this:
https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/class-PhysicMaterial.html
2- Add to the Spinner a Collider, so when it detects a collision with a wall (you can tag the walls as so for example) add an additional force to the spinner in the direction it is already moving, so it will compensate the energy lost during the collision.
void OnTriggerExit(Collider other) {
if(other.tag == "wall") {
rigidbody.AddForce(rigidbody.velocity.normalized * Time.deltaTime * forceAmount);
}
}
The idea is to let the Engine decide the direction of the Spinner after the collision with the wall, and as soon as the GameObject leaves the trigger, you add an additional force in the current direction.
Then you can play with the Bounciness of the wall's material and with the forceAmount, until your spinner moves as you have in mind.
Note: Since you will have 2 materials, one in the walls and another in the spinner, maybe playing with the Friction Combine and Bounce Combine you will be able to avoid the force lost during collisions, so you will not need to add the external force I mention in the second step. However I have never tried this.
Let me know if it works. I can't try myself the solution until I arrive home.
If you give the object an initial velocity, attach a collider, create and assign a Physics Material 2D to the collider (to apply bounciness), and attach Colliders to the walls, you can have it bounce around with minimal code.
private void Start()
{
rigid = GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
rigid.velocity = new Vector3(2f, 3f, 1f) // initialize velocity here
}

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