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I have tried to find a good example with HTML/JavaScript/C# code to provide instruction on uploading only one file to the server for saving it to a directory on the server. My code gives me my variable, 'file', as null when I debug it.
HTML form:
<form id="uploadForm" method="post" data-dojo-type="dijit/form/Form" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input
id="fileUploadInput"
type="file"
name="fileUploadInput"
>
<br />
<br />
<button
id="fileUploadButton"
data-dojo-attach-point="fileUploadButton"
onClick="click"
>
Upload
</button>
</form>
Dojo/JavaScript code:
ioIframe.send({
url: this.proxyPostFile,
form: "uploadForm",
method: "POST",
handleAs: "text",
// Callback on successful data call:
load: function (response, ioArgs) {
return response;
},
// Callback on errors
error: function (response, ioArgs) {
console.info(response)
}
});
c# code:
[HttpPost]
public JsonResult Upload(HttpPostedFileBase file)
{
JsonResult FileData = null;
if (Request != null)
{
try
{
if (file!=null && file.ContentLength > 0)
{
... do some stuff with the file
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Dictionary<string,string> error = new Dictionary<string,string>();
error.Add("error", "ERROR:" + ex.Message.ToString());
FileData = Json(error);
}
}
else
{
Dictionary<string,string> callResponse = new Dictionary<string,string>();
callResponse.Add("filename", "You have not specified a file.");
FileData = Json(callResponse);
}
return FileData;
}
Any thoughts or help would be appreciated.
Thank You
Your generating the file input with name="fileUploadInput" but your parameter in the POST method is named file - they need to match in order for the parameter in the POST method to bind to the value of the form control.
Change the input to match the parameter
<input name="file" ... />
Take a look at this fiddle link. Dojo provides OOTB feature to upload file(s) to a server side (you can pass url like /test.php
http://jsfiddle.net/kolban/e47YU/
If you don't want to pass the server url or if you don't have one, then you need to manually upload the file using dijit.byId("uploader').upload();
Sorry, I am little confused, I don't know if you are trying to upload a file using ajax or a form. If you are using a form try to put enctype="multipart/form-data" attribute. Hope this helps.
I have a Struts2 action in the server side for file downloading.
<action name="download" class="com.xxx.DownAction">
<result name="success" type="stream">
<param name="contentType">text/plain</param>
<param name="inputName">imageStream</param>
<param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename={fileName}</param>
<param name="bufferSize">1024</param>
</result>
</action>
However when I call the action using the jQuery:
$.post(
"/download.action",{
para1:value1,
para2:value2
....
},function(data){
console.info(data);
}
);
in Firebug I see the data is retrieved with the Binary stream. I wonder how to open the file downloading window with which the user can save the file locally?
2019 modern browsers update
This is the approach I'd now recommend with a few caveats:
A relatively modern browser is required
If the file is expected to be very large you should likely do something similar to the original approach (iframe and cookie) because some of the below operations could likely consume system memory at least as large as the file being downloaded and/or other interesting CPU side effects.
fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1')
.then(resp => resp.blob())
.then(blob => {
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
const a = document.createElement('a');
a.style.display = 'none';
a.href = url;
// the filename you want
a.download = 'todo-1.json';
document.body.appendChild(a);
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
alert('your file has downloaded!'); // or you know, something with better UX...
})
.catch(() => alert('oh no!'));
2012 Original jQuery/iframe/Cookie based approach
Bluish is completely right about this, you can't do it through Ajax because JavaScript cannot save files directly to a user's computer (out of security concerns). Unfortunately pointing the main window's URL at your file download means you have little control over what the user experience is when a file download occurs.
I created jQuery File Download which allows for an "Ajax like" experience with file downloads complete with OnSuccess and OnFailure callbacks to provide for a better user experience. Take a look at my blog post on the common problem that the plugin solves and some ways to use it and also a demo of jQuery File Download in action. Here is the source
Here is a simple use case demo using the plugin source with promises. The demo page includes many other, 'better UX' examples as well.
$.fileDownload('some/file.pdf')
.done(function () { alert('File download a success!'); })
.fail(function () { alert('File download failed!'); });
Depending on what browsers you need to support you may be able to use https://github.com/eligrey/FileSaver.js/ which allows more explicit control than the IFRAME method jQuery File Download uses.
Noone posted this #Pekka's solution... so I'll post it. It can help someone.
You don't need to do this through Ajax. Just use
window.location="download.action?para1=value1...."
You can with HTML5
NB: The file data returned MUST be base64 encoded because you cannot JSON encode binary data
In my AJAX response I have a data structure that looks like this:
{
result: 'OK',
download: {
mimetype: string(mimetype in the form 'major/minor'),
filename: string(the name of the file to download),
data: base64(the binary data as base64 to download)
}
}
That means that I can do the following to save a file via AJAX
var a = document.createElement('a');
if (window.URL && window.Blob && ('download' in a) && window.atob) {
// Do it the HTML5 compliant way
var blob = base64ToBlob(result.download.data, result.download.mimetype);
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
a.href = url;
a.download = result.download.filename;
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
}
The function base64ToBlob was taken from here and must be used in compliance with this function
function base64ToBlob(base64, mimetype, slicesize) {
if (!window.atob || !window.Uint8Array) {
// The current browser doesn't have the atob function. Cannot continue
return null;
}
mimetype = mimetype || '';
slicesize = slicesize || 512;
var bytechars = atob(base64);
var bytearrays = [];
for (var offset = 0; offset < bytechars.length; offset += slicesize) {
var slice = bytechars.slice(offset, offset + slicesize);
var bytenums = new Array(slice.length);
for (var i = 0; i < slice.length; i++) {
bytenums[i] = slice.charCodeAt(i);
}
var bytearray = new Uint8Array(bytenums);
bytearrays[bytearrays.length] = bytearray;
}
return new Blob(bytearrays, {type: mimetype});
};
This is good if your server is dumping filedata to be saved. However, I've not quite worked out how one would implement a HTML4 fallback
The simple way to make the browser downloads a file is to make the request like that:
function downloadFile(urlToSend) {
var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
req.open("GET", urlToSend, true);
req.responseType = "blob";
req.onload = function (event) {
var blob = req.response;
var fileName = req.getResponseHeader("fileName") //if you have the fileName header available
var link=document.createElement('a');
link.href=window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
link.download=fileName;
link.click();
};
req.send();
}
This opens the browser download pop up.
1. Framework agnostic: Servlet downloading file as attachment
<!-- with JS -->
<a href="javascript:window.location='downloadServlet?param1=value1'">
download
</a>
<!-- without JS -->
<a href="downloadServlet?param1=value1" >download</a>
2. Struts2 Framework: Action downloading file as attachment
<!-- with JS -->
<a href="javascript:window.location='downloadAction.action?param1=value1'">
download
</a>
<!-- without JS -->
<a href="downloadAction.action?param1=value1" >download</a>
It would be better to use <s:a> tag pointing with OGNL to an URL created with <s:url> tag:
<!-- without JS, with Struts tags: THE RIGHT WAY -->
<s:url action="downloadAction.action" var="url">
<s:param name="param1">value1</s:param>
</s:ulr>
<s:a href="%{url}" >download</s:a>
In the above cases, you need to write the Content-Disposition header to the response, specifying that the file needs to be downloaded (attachment) and not opened by the browser (inline). You need to specify the Content Type too, and you may want to add the file name and length (to help the browser drawing a realistic progressbar).
For example, when downloading a ZIP:
response.setContentType("application/zip");
response.addHeader("Content-Disposition",
"attachment; filename=\"name of my file.zip\"");
response.setHeader("Content-Length", myFile.length()); // or myByte[].length...
With Struts2 (unless you are using the Action as a Servlet, an hack for direct streaming, for example), you don't need to directly write anything to the response; simply using the Stream result type and configuring it in struts.xml will work: EXAMPLE
<result name="success" type="stream">
<param name="contentType">application/zip</param>
<param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename="${fileName}"</param>
<param name="contentLength">${fileLength}</param>
</result>
3. Framework agnostic (/ Struts2 framework): Servlet(/Action) opening file inside the browser
If you want to open the file inside the browser, instead of downloading it, the Content-disposition must be set to inline, but the target can't be the current window location; you must target a new window created by javascript, an <iframe> in the page, or a new window created on-the-fly with the "discussed" target="_blank":
<!-- From a parent page into an IFrame without javascript -->
<a href="downloadServlet?param1=value1" target="iFrameName">
download
</a>
<!-- In a new window without javascript -->
<a href="downloadServlet?param1=value1" target="_blank">
download
</a>
<!-- In a new window with javascript -->
<a href="javascript:window.open('downloadServlet?param1=value1');" >
download
</a>
I have created little function as workaround solution (inspired by #JohnCulviner plugin):
// creates iframe and form in it with hidden field,
// then submit form with provided data
// url - form url
// data - data to form field
// input_name - form hidden input name
function ajax_download(url, data, input_name) {
var $iframe,
iframe_doc,
iframe_html;
if (($iframe = $('#download_iframe')).length === 0) {
$iframe = $("<iframe id='download_iframe'" +
" style='display: none' src='about:blank'></iframe>"
).appendTo("body");
}
iframe_doc = $iframe[0].contentWindow || $iframe[0].contentDocument;
if (iframe_doc.document) {
iframe_doc = iframe_doc.document;
}
iframe_html = "<html><head></head><body><form method='POST' action='" +
url +"'>" +
"<input type=hidden name='" + input_name + "' value='" +
JSON.stringify(data) +"'/></form>" +
"</body></html>";
iframe_doc.open();
iframe_doc.write(iframe_html);
$(iframe_doc).find('form').submit();
}
Demo with click event:
$('#someid').on('click', function() {
ajax_download('/download.action', {'para1': 1, 'para2': 2}, 'dataname');
});
I faced the same issue and successfully solved it. My use-case is this.
"Post JSON data to the server and receive an excel file.
That excel file is created by the server and returned as a response to the client. Download that response as a file with custom name in browser"
$("#my-button").on("click", function(){
// Data to post
data = {
ids: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
};
// Use XMLHttpRequest instead of Jquery $ajax
xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
var a;
if (xhttp.readyState === 4 && xhttp.status === 200) {
// Trick for making downloadable link
a = document.createElement('a');
a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(xhttp.response);
// Give filename you wish to download
a.download = "test-file.xls";
a.style.display = 'none';
document.body.appendChild(a);
a.click();
}
};
// Post data to URL which handles post request
xhttp.open("POST", excelDownloadUrl);
xhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
// You should set responseType as blob for binary responses
xhttp.responseType = 'blob';
xhttp.send(JSON.stringify(data));
});
The above snippet is just doing following
Posting an array as JSON to the server using XMLHttpRequest.
After fetching content as a blob(binary), we are creating a downloadable URL and attaching it to invisible "a" link then clicking it. I did a POST request here. Instead, you can go for a simple GET too. We cannot download the file through Ajax, must use XMLHttpRequest.
Here we need to carefully set few things on the server side. I set few headers in Python Django HttpResponse. You need to set them accordingly if you use other programming languages.
# In python django code
response = HttpResponse(file_content, content_type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet")
Since I download xls(excel) here, I adjusted contentType to above one. You need to set it according to your file type. You can use this technique to download any kind of files.
Ok, based on ndpu's code heres an improved (I think) version of ajax_download;-
function ajax_download(url, data) {
var $iframe,
iframe_doc,
iframe_html;
if (($iframe = $('#download_iframe')).length === 0) {
$iframe = $("<iframe id='download_iframe'" +
" style='display: none' src='about:blank'></iframe>"
).appendTo("body");
}
iframe_doc = $iframe[0].contentWindow || $iframe[0].contentDocument;
if (iframe_doc.document) {
iframe_doc = iframe_doc.document;
}
iframe_html = "<html><head></head><body><form method='POST' action='" +
url +"'>"
Object.keys(data).forEach(function(key){
iframe_html += "<input type='hidden' name='"+key+"' value='"+data[key]+"'>";
});
iframe_html +="</form></body></html>";
iframe_doc.open();
iframe_doc.write(iframe_html);
$(iframe_doc).find('form').submit();
}
Use this like this;-
$('#someid').on('click', function() {
ajax_download('/download.action', {'para1': 1, 'para2': 2});
});
The params are sent as proper post params as if coming from an input rather than as a json encoded string as per the previous example.
CAVEAT: Be wary about the potential for variable injection on those forms. There might be a safer way to encode those variables. Alternatively contemplate escaping them.
My approach is completly based on jQuery. The problem for me was that it has to be a POST-HTTP call. And I wanted it to be done by jQuery alone.
The solution:
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "/some/webpage",
headers: {'X-CSRF-TOKEN': csrfToken},
data: additionalDataToSend,
dataType: "text",
success: function(result) {
let blob = new Blob([result], { type: "application/octetstream" });
let a = document.createElement('a');
a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
a.download = "test.xml";;
document.body.appendChild(a);
a.click();
document.body.removeChild(a);
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(a.href);
...
},
error: errorDialog
});
Explanation:
What I and many others do is to create a link on the webpage, indicating that the target should be downloaded and putting the result of the http-request as the target. After that I append the link to the document than simply clicking the link and removing the link afterwards. You don't need an iframe anymore.
The magic lies in the lines
let blob = new Blob([result], { type: "application/octetstream" });
a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
The interesting point is that this solution is only working with a "blob". As you can see in other answers, some are simply using a blob but not explaining why and how to create it.
As you can read e.g. in the Mozilla developer documentation you need a file, media ressource or blob for the function "createObjectURL()" to work. The problem is that your http-response might not be any of those.
Therefore the first thing you must do is to convert your response to a blob. This is what the first line does. Then you can use the "createObjectURL" with your newly created blob.
If you than click the link your browser will open a file-save dialog and you can save your data. Obviously it s possible that you cannot define a fixed filename for your file to download. Then you must make your response more complex like in the answer from Luke.
And don't forget to free up the memory especially when you are working with large files. For more examples and information you can look at the details of the JS blob object
Here is what I did, pure javascript and html. Did not test it but this should work in all browsers.
Javascript Function
var iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
iframe.id = "IFRAMEID";
iframe.style.display = 'none';
document.body.appendChild(iframe);
iframe.src = 'SERVERURL'+'?' + $.param($scope.filtro);
iframe.addEventListener("load", function () {
console.log("FILE LOAD DONE.. Download should start now");
});
Using just components that is supported in all browsers no additional
libraries.
Here is my server side JAVA Spring controller code.
#RequestMapping(value = "/rootto/my/xlsx", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public void downloadExcelFile(#RequestParam(value = "param1", required = false) String param1,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ParseException {
Workbook wb = service.getWorkbook(param1);
if (wb != null) {
try {
String fileName = "myfile_" + sdf.format(new Date());
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=\"" + fileName + ".xlsx\"");
wb.write(response.getOutputStream());
response.getOutputStream().close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
How to DOWNLOAD a file after receiving it by AJAX
It’s convenient when the file is created for a long time and you need to show PRELOADER
Example when submitting a web form:
<script>
$(function () {
$('form').submit(function () {
$('#loader').show();
$.ajax({
url: $(this).attr('action'),
data: $(this).serialize(),
dataType: 'binary',
xhrFields: {
'responseType': 'blob'
},
success: function(data, status, xhr) {
$('#loader').hide();
// if(data.type.indexOf('text/html') != -1){//If instead of a file you get an error page
// var reader = new FileReader();
// reader.readAsText(data);
// reader.onload = function() {alert(reader.result);};
// return;
// }
var link = document.createElement('a'),
filename = 'file.xlsx';
// if(xhr.getResponseHeader('Content-Disposition')){//filename
// filename = xhr.getResponseHeader('Content-Disposition');
// filename=filename.match(/filename="(.*?)"/)[1];
// filename=decodeURIComponent(escape(filename));
// }
link.href = URL.createObjectURL(data);
link.download = filename;
link.click();
}
});
return false;
});
});
</script>
Optional functional is commented out to simplify the example.
No need to create temporary files on the server.
On jQuery v2.2.4 OK. There will be an error on the old version:
Uncaught DOMException: Failed to read the 'responseText' property from 'XMLHttpRequest': The value is only accessible if the object's 'responseType' is '' or 'text' (was 'blob').
function downloadURI(uri, name)
{
var link = document.createElement("a");
link.download = name;
link.href = uri;
link.click();
}
I try to download a CSV file and then do something after download has finished. So I need to implement an appropriate callback function.
Using window.location="..." is not a good idea because I cannot operate the program after finishing download. Something like this, change header so it is not a good idea.
fetch is a good alternative however it cannot support IE 11. And window.URL.createObjectURL cannot support IE 11.You can refer this.
This is my code, it is similar to the code of Shahrukh Alam. But you should take care that window.URL.createObjectURL maybe create memory leaks. You can refer this. When response has arrived, data will be stored into memory of browser. So before you click a link, the file has been downloaded. It means that you can do anything after download.
$.ajax({
url: 'your download url',
type: 'GET',
}).done(function (data, textStatus, request) {
// csv => Blob
var blob = new Blob([data]);
// the file name from server.
var fileName = request.getResponseHeader('fileName');
if (window.navigator && window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob) { // for IE
window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob(blob, fileName);
} else { // for others
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
const a = document.createElement('a');
a.style.display = 'none';
a.href = url;
a.download = fileName;
document.body.appendChild(a);
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
//Do something after download
...
}
}).then(after_download)
}
Adding some more things to above answer for downloading a file
Below is some java spring code which generates byte Array
#RequestMapping(value = "/downloadReport", method = { RequestMethod.POST })
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> downloadReport(
#RequestBody final SomeObejct obj, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
OutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
// write something to output stream
HttpHeaders respHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
respHeaders.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
respHeaders.add("X-File-Name", name);
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = (ByteArrayOutputStream) out;
return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(bos.toByteArray(), respHeaders, HttpStatus.CREATED);
}
Now in javascript code using FileSaver.js ,can download a file with below code
var json=angular.toJson("somejsobject");
var url=apiEndPoint+'some url';
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
//headers('X-File-Name')
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 201) {
var res = this.response;
var fileName=this.getResponseHeader('X-File-Name');
var data = new Blob([res]);
saveAs(data, fileName); //this from FileSaver.js
}
}
xhr.open('POST', url);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Authorization','Bearer ' + token);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
xhr.send(json);
The above will download file
In Rails, I do it this way:
function download_file(file_id) {
let url = '/files/' + file_id + '/download_file';
$.ajax({
type: 'GET',
url: url,
processData: false,
success: function (data) {
window.location = url;
},
error: function (xhr) {
console.log(' Error: >>>> ' + JSON.stringify(xhr));
}
});
}
The trick is the window.location part. The controller's method looks like:
# GET /files/{:id}/download_file/
def download_file
send_file(#file.file,
:disposition => 'attachment',
:url_based_filename => false)
end
Use window.open https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/open
For example, you can put this line of code in a click handler:
window.open('/file.txt', '_blank');
It will open a new tab (because of the '_blank' window-name) and that tab will open the URL.
Your server-side code should also have something like this:
res.set('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename=file.txt');
And that way, the browser should prompt the user to save the file to disk, instead of just showing them the file. It will also automatically close the tab that it just opened.
The HTML Code :
<button type="button" id="GetFile">Get File!</button>
The jQuery Code :
$('#GetFile').on('click', function () {
$.ajax({
url: 'https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/s.cdpn.io/172905/test.pdf',
method: 'GET',
xhrFields: {
responseType: 'blob'
},
success: function (data) {
var a = document.createElement('a');
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(data);
a.href = url;
a.download = 'myfile.pdf';
document.body.append(a);
a.click();
a.remove();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
}
});
});
Ok so here is the working code when Using MVC and you are getting your file from a controller
lets say you have your byte array declare and populate, the only thing you need to do is to use the File function (using System.Web.Mvc)
byte[] bytes = .... insert your bytes in the array
return File(bytes, System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Octet, "nameoffile.exe");
and then, in the same controller, add thoses 2 functions
protected override void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext context)
{
CheckAndHandleFileResult(context);
base.OnResultExecuting(context);
}
private const string FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME = "fileDownload";
/// <summary>
/// If the current response is a FileResult (an MVC base class for files) then write a
/// cookie to inform jquery.fileDownload that a successful file download has occured
/// </summary>
/// <param name="context"></param>
private void CheckAndHandleFileResult(ResultExecutingContext context)
{
if (context.Result is FileResult)
//jquery.fileDownload uses this cookie to determine that a file download has completed successfully
Response.SetCookie(new HttpCookie(FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME, "true") { Path = "/" });
else
//ensure that the cookie is removed in case someone did a file download without using jquery.fileDownload
if (Request.Cookies[FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME] != null)
Response.Cookies[FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME].Expires = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-1);
}
and then you will be able to call your controller to download and get the "success" or "failure" callback
$.fileDownload(mvcUrl('name of the controller'), {
httpMethod: 'POST',
successCallback: function (url) {
//insert success code
},
failCallback: function (html, url) {
//insert fail code
}
});
I found a fix that while it's not actually using ajax it does allow you to use a javascript call to request the download and then get a callback when the download actually starts. I found this helpful if the link runs a server side script that takes a little bit to compose the file before sending it. so you can alert them that it's processing, and then when it does finally send the file remove that processing notification. which is why I wanted to try to load the file via ajax to begin with so that I could have an event happen when the file is requested and another when it actually starts downloading.
the js on the front page
function expdone()
{
document.getElementById('exportdiv').style.display='none';
}
function expgo()
{
document.getElementById('exportdiv').style.display='block';
document.getElementById('exportif').src='test2.php?arguments=data';
}
the iframe
<div id="exportdiv" style="display:none;">
<img src="loader.gif"><br><h1>Generating Report</h1>
<iframe id="exportif" src="" style="width: 1px;height: 1px; border:0px;"></iframe>
</div>
then the other file:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script>
function expdone()
{
window.parent.expdone();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<iframe id="exportif" src="<?php echo "http://10.192.37.211/npdtracker/exportthismonth.php?arguments=".$_GET["arguments"]; ?>"></iframe>
<script>document.getElementById('exportif').onload= expdone;</script>
</body></html>
I think there's a way to read get data using js so then no php would be needed. but I don't know it off hand and the server I'm using supports php so this works for me. thought I'd share it in case it helps anyone.
If the server is writing the file back in the response (including cookies if
you use them to determine whether the file download started), Simply create a form with the values and submit it:
function ajaxPostDownload(url, data) {
var $form;
if (($form = $('#download_form')).length === 0) {
$form = $("<form id='download_form'" + " style='display: none; width: 1px; height: 1px; position: absolute; top: -10000px' method='POST' action='" + url + "'></form>");
$form.appendTo("body");
}
//Clear the form fields
$form.html("");
//Create new form fields
Object.keys(data).forEach(function (key) {
$form.append("<input type='hidden' name='" + key + "' value='" + data[key] + "'>");
});
//Submit the form post
$form.submit();
}
Usage:
ajaxPostDownload('/fileController/ExportFile', {
DownloadToken: 'newDownloadToken',
Name: $txtName.val(),
Type: $txtType.val()
});
Controller Method:
[HttpPost]
public FileResult ExportFile(string DownloadToken, string Name, string Type)
{
//Set DownloadToken Cookie.
Response.SetCookie(new HttpCookie("downloadToken", DownloadToken)
{
Expires = DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(1),
Secure = false
});
using (var output = new MemoryStream())
{
//get File
return File(output.ToArray(), "application/vnd.ms-excel", "NewFile.xls");
}
}
I have tried Ajax and HttpRequest ways to get my result download file but I've failed, finally I've solved my problem using these steps:
implemented a simple hidden form in my html code:
<form method="post" id="post_form" style="display:none" action="amin.php" >
<input type="hidden" name="action" value="export_xlsx" />
<input type="hidden" name="post_form_data" value="" />
</form>
input with 'action' name is for calling function in my php code,
input with 'post_form_data' name for sending long data of a table which were not possible to send with GET. this data was encoded to json, and put json in input:
var list = new Array();
$('#table_name tr').each(function() {
var row = new Array();
$(this).find('td').each(function() {
row.push($(this).text());
});
list.push(row);
});
list = JSON.stringify(list);
$("input[name=post_form_data]").val(list);
now, the form is ready with my desire values in inputs, just need to trigger the submit.
document.getElementById('post_form').submit();
and done!
while my result is a file (xlsx file for me) the page wouldn't be redirected and instantly the file starts to download in last page, so no need to useiframe or window.open etc.
if you are trying to do something like this, this should be an easy trick 😉.
If you want to use jQuery File Download , please note this for IE.
You need to reset the response or it will not download
//The IE will only work if you reset response
getServletResponse().reset();
//The jquery.fileDownload needs a cookie be set
getServletResponse().setHeader("Set-Cookie", "fileDownload=true; path=/");
//Do the reset of your action create InputStream and return
Your action can implement ServletResponseAware to access getServletResponse()
It is certain that you can not do it through Ajax call.
However, there is a workaround.
Steps :
If you are using form.submit() for downloading the file, what you can do is :
Create an ajax call from client to server and store the file stream inside the session.
Upon "success" being returned from server, call your form.submit() to just stream the file stream stored in the session.
This is helpful in case when you want to decide whether or not file needs to be downloaded after making form.submit(), eg: there can be a case where on form.submit(), an exception occurs on the server side and instead of crashing, you might need to show a custom message on the client side, in such case this implementation might help.
there is another solution to download a web page in ajax. But I am referring to a page that must first be processed and then downloaded.
First you need to separate the page processing from the results download.
1) Only the page calculations are made in the ajax call.
$.post("CalculusPage.php", { calculusFunction: true, ID: 29, data1: "a", data2: "b" },
function(data, status)
{
if (status == "success")
{
/* 2) In the answer the page that uses the previous calculations is downloaded. For example, this can be a page that prints the results of a table calculated in the ajax call. */
window.location.href = DownloadPage.php+"?ID="+29;
}
}
);
// For example: in the CalculusPage.php
if ( !empty($_POST["calculusFunction"]) )
{
$ID = $_POST["ID"];
$query = "INSERT INTO ExamplePage (data1, data2) VALUES ('".$_POST["data1"]."', '".$_POST["data2"]."') WHERE id = ".$ID;
...
}
// For example: in the DownloadPage.php
$ID = $_GET["ID"];
$sede = "SELECT * FROM ExamplePage WHERE id = ".$ID;
...
$filename="Export_Data.xls";
header("Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-excel");
header("Content-Disposition: inline; filename=$filename");
...
I hope this solution can be useful for many, as it was for me.
That's it works so fine in any browser (I'm using asp.net core)
function onDownload() {
const api = '#Url.Action("myaction", "mycontroller")';
var form = new FormData(document.getElementById('form1'));
fetch(api, { body: form, method: "POST"})
.then(resp => resp.blob())
.then(blob => {
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
$('#linkdownload').attr('download', 'Attachement.zip');
$('#linkdownload').attr("href", url);
$('#linkdownload')
.fadeIn(3000,
function() { });
})
.catch(() => alert('An error occurred'));
}
<button type="button" onclick="onDownload()" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Click to Process Files</button>
<a role="button" href="#" style="display: none" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary" id="linkdownload">Click to download Attachments</a>
<form asp-controller="mycontroller" asp-action="myaction" id="form1"></form>
function onDownload() {
const api = '#Url.Action("myaction", "mycontroller")';
//form1 is your id form, and to get data content of form
var form = new FormData(document.getElementById('form1'));
fetch(api, { body: form, method: "POST"})
.then(resp => resp.blob())
.then(blob => {
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
$('#linkdownload').attr('download', 'Attachments.zip');
$('#linkdownload').attr("href", url);
$('#linkdownload')
.fadeIn(3000,
function() {
});
})
.catch(() => alert('An error occurred'));
}
I struggled with this issue for a long time. Finally an elegant external library suggested here helped me out.
I have a Struts2 action in the server side for file downloading.
<action name="download" class="com.xxx.DownAction">
<result name="success" type="stream">
<param name="contentType">text/plain</param>
<param name="inputName">imageStream</param>
<param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename={fileName}</param>
<param name="bufferSize">1024</param>
</result>
</action>
However when I call the action using the jQuery:
$.post(
"/download.action",{
para1:value1,
para2:value2
....
},function(data){
console.info(data);
}
);
in Firebug I see the data is retrieved with the Binary stream. I wonder how to open the file downloading window with which the user can save the file locally?
2019 modern browsers update
This is the approach I'd now recommend with a few caveats:
A relatively modern browser is required
If the file is expected to be very large you should likely do something similar to the original approach (iframe and cookie) because some of the below operations could likely consume system memory at least as large as the file being downloaded and/or other interesting CPU side effects.
fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1')
.then(resp => resp.blob())
.then(blob => {
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
const a = document.createElement('a');
a.style.display = 'none';
a.href = url;
// the filename you want
a.download = 'todo-1.json';
document.body.appendChild(a);
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
alert('your file has downloaded!'); // or you know, something with better UX...
})
.catch(() => alert('oh no!'));
2012 Original jQuery/iframe/Cookie based approach
Bluish is completely right about this, you can't do it through Ajax because JavaScript cannot save files directly to a user's computer (out of security concerns). Unfortunately pointing the main window's URL at your file download means you have little control over what the user experience is when a file download occurs.
I created jQuery File Download which allows for an "Ajax like" experience with file downloads complete with OnSuccess and OnFailure callbacks to provide for a better user experience. Take a look at my blog post on the common problem that the plugin solves and some ways to use it and also a demo of jQuery File Download in action. Here is the source
Here is a simple use case demo using the plugin source with promises. The demo page includes many other, 'better UX' examples as well.
$.fileDownload('some/file.pdf')
.done(function () { alert('File download a success!'); })
.fail(function () { alert('File download failed!'); });
Depending on what browsers you need to support you may be able to use https://github.com/eligrey/FileSaver.js/ which allows more explicit control than the IFRAME method jQuery File Download uses.
Noone posted this #Pekka's solution... so I'll post it. It can help someone.
You don't need to do this through Ajax. Just use
window.location="download.action?para1=value1...."
You can with HTML5
NB: The file data returned MUST be base64 encoded because you cannot JSON encode binary data
In my AJAX response I have a data structure that looks like this:
{
result: 'OK',
download: {
mimetype: string(mimetype in the form 'major/minor'),
filename: string(the name of the file to download),
data: base64(the binary data as base64 to download)
}
}
That means that I can do the following to save a file via AJAX
var a = document.createElement('a');
if (window.URL && window.Blob && ('download' in a) && window.atob) {
// Do it the HTML5 compliant way
var blob = base64ToBlob(result.download.data, result.download.mimetype);
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
a.href = url;
a.download = result.download.filename;
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
}
The function base64ToBlob was taken from here and must be used in compliance with this function
function base64ToBlob(base64, mimetype, slicesize) {
if (!window.atob || !window.Uint8Array) {
// The current browser doesn't have the atob function. Cannot continue
return null;
}
mimetype = mimetype || '';
slicesize = slicesize || 512;
var bytechars = atob(base64);
var bytearrays = [];
for (var offset = 0; offset < bytechars.length; offset += slicesize) {
var slice = bytechars.slice(offset, offset + slicesize);
var bytenums = new Array(slice.length);
for (var i = 0; i < slice.length; i++) {
bytenums[i] = slice.charCodeAt(i);
}
var bytearray = new Uint8Array(bytenums);
bytearrays[bytearrays.length] = bytearray;
}
return new Blob(bytearrays, {type: mimetype});
};
This is good if your server is dumping filedata to be saved. However, I've not quite worked out how one would implement a HTML4 fallback
The simple way to make the browser downloads a file is to make the request like that:
function downloadFile(urlToSend) {
var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
req.open("GET", urlToSend, true);
req.responseType = "blob";
req.onload = function (event) {
var blob = req.response;
var fileName = req.getResponseHeader("fileName") //if you have the fileName header available
var link=document.createElement('a');
link.href=window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
link.download=fileName;
link.click();
};
req.send();
}
This opens the browser download pop up.
1. Framework agnostic: Servlet downloading file as attachment
<!-- with JS -->
<a href="javascript:window.location='downloadServlet?param1=value1'">
download
</a>
<!-- without JS -->
<a href="downloadServlet?param1=value1" >download</a>
2. Struts2 Framework: Action downloading file as attachment
<!-- with JS -->
<a href="javascript:window.location='downloadAction.action?param1=value1'">
download
</a>
<!-- without JS -->
<a href="downloadAction.action?param1=value1" >download</a>
It would be better to use <s:a> tag pointing with OGNL to an URL created with <s:url> tag:
<!-- without JS, with Struts tags: THE RIGHT WAY -->
<s:url action="downloadAction.action" var="url">
<s:param name="param1">value1</s:param>
</s:ulr>
<s:a href="%{url}" >download</s:a>
In the above cases, you need to write the Content-Disposition header to the response, specifying that the file needs to be downloaded (attachment) and not opened by the browser (inline). You need to specify the Content Type too, and you may want to add the file name and length (to help the browser drawing a realistic progressbar).
For example, when downloading a ZIP:
response.setContentType("application/zip");
response.addHeader("Content-Disposition",
"attachment; filename=\"name of my file.zip\"");
response.setHeader("Content-Length", myFile.length()); // or myByte[].length...
With Struts2 (unless you are using the Action as a Servlet, an hack for direct streaming, for example), you don't need to directly write anything to the response; simply using the Stream result type and configuring it in struts.xml will work: EXAMPLE
<result name="success" type="stream">
<param name="contentType">application/zip</param>
<param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename="${fileName}"</param>
<param name="contentLength">${fileLength}</param>
</result>
3. Framework agnostic (/ Struts2 framework): Servlet(/Action) opening file inside the browser
If you want to open the file inside the browser, instead of downloading it, the Content-disposition must be set to inline, but the target can't be the current window location; you must target a new window created by javascript, an <iframe> in the page, or a new window created on-the-fly with the "discussed" target="_blank":
<!-- From a parent page into an IFrame without javascript -->
<a href="downloadServlet?param1=value1" target="iFrameName">
download
</a>
<!-- In a new window without javascript -->
<a href="downloadServlet?param1=value1" target="_blank">
download
</a>
<!-- In a new window with javascript -->
<a href="javascript:window.open('downloadServlet?param1=value1');" >
download
</a>
I have created little function as workaround solution (inspired by #JohnCulviner plugin):
// creates iframe and form in it with hidden field,
// then submit form with provided data
// url - form url
// data - data to form field
// input_name - form hidden input name
function ajax_download(url, data, input_name) {
var $iframe,
iframe_doc,
iframe_html;
if (($iframe = $('#download_iframe')).length === 0) {
$iframe = $("<iframe id='download_iframe'" +
" style='display: none' src='about:blank'></iframe>"
).appendTo("body");
}
iframe_doc = $iframe[0].contentWindow || $iframe[0].contentDocument;
if (iframe_doc.document) {
iframe_doc = iframe_doc.document;
}
iframe_html = "<html><head></head><body><form method='POST' action='" +
url +"'>" +
"<input type=hidden name='" + input_name + "' value='" +
JSON.stringify(data) +"'/></form>" +
"</body></html>";
iframe_doc.open();
iframe_doc.write(iframe_html);
$(iframe_doc).find('form').submit();
}
Demo with click event:
$('#someid').on('click', function() {
ajax_download('/download.action', {'para1': 1, 'para2': 2}, 'dataname');
});
I faced the same issue and successfully solved it. My use-case is this.
"Post JSON data to the server and receive an excel file.
That excel file is created by the server and returned as a response to the client. Download that response as a file with custom name in browser"
$("#my-button").on("click", function(){
// Data to post
data = {
ids: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
};
// Use XMLHttpRequest instead of Jquery $ajax
xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
var a;
if (xhttp.readyState === 4 && xhttp.status === 200) {
// Trick for making downloadable link
a = document.createElement('a');
a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(xhttp.response);
// Give filename you wish to download
a.download = "test-file.xls";
a.style.display = 'none';
document.body.appendChild(a);
a.click();
}
};
// Post data to URL which handles post request
xhttp.open("POST", excelDownloadUrl);
xhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
// You should set responseType as blob for binary responses
xhttp.responseType = 'blob';
xhttp.send(JSON.stringify(data));
});
The above snippet is just doing following
Posting an array as JSON to the server using XMLHttpRequest.
After fetching content as a blob(binary), we are creating a downloadable URL and attaching it to invisible "a" link then clicking it. I did a POST request here. Instead, you can go for a simple GET too. We cannot download the file through Ajax, must use XMLHttpRequest.
Here we need to carefully set few things on the server side. I set few headers in Python Django HttpResponse. You need to set them accordingly if you use other programming languages.
# In python django code
response = HttpResponse(file_content, content_type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet")
Since I download xls(excel) here, I adjusted contentType to above one. You need to set it according to your file type. You can use this technique to download any kind of files.
Ok, based on ndpu's code heres an improved (I think) version of ajax_download;-
function ajax_download(url, data) {
var $iframe,
iframe_doc,
iframe_html;
if (($iframe = $('#download_iframe')).length === 0) {
$iframe = $("<iframe id='download_iframe'" +
" style='display: none' src='about:blank'></iframe>"
).appendTo("body");
}
iframe_doc = $iframe[0].contentWindow || $iframe[0].contentDocument;
if (iframe_doc.document) {
iframe_doc = iframe_doc.document;
}
iframe_html = "<html><head></head><body><form method='POST' action='" +
url +"'>"
Object.keys(data).forEach(function(key){
iframe_html += "<input type='hidden' name='"+key+"' value='"+data[key]+"'>";
});
iframe_html +="</form></body></html>";
iframe_doc.open();
iframe_doc.write(iframe_html);
$(iframe_doc).find('form').submit();
}
Use this like this;-
$('#someid').on('click', function() {
ajax_download('/download.action', {'para1': 1, 'para2': 2});
});
The params are sent as proper post params as if coming from an input rather than as a json encoded string as per the previous example.
CAVEAT: Be wary about the potential for variable injection on those forms. There might be a safer way to encode those variables. Alternatively contemplate escaping them.
My approach is completly based on jQuery. The problem for me was that it has to be a POST-HTTP call. And I wanted it to be done by jQuery alone.
The solution:
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "/some/webpage",
headers: {'X-CSRF-TOKEN': csrfToken},
data: additionalDataToSend,
dataType: "text",
success: function(result) {
let blob = new Blob([result], { type: "application/octetstream" });
let a = document.createElement('a');
a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
a.download = "test.xml";;
document.body.appendChild(a);
a.click();
document.body.removeChild(a);
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(a.href);
...
},
error: errorDialog
});
Explanation:
What I and many others do is to create a link on the webpage, indicating that the target should be downloaded and putting the result of the http-request as the target. After that I append the link to the document than simply clicking the link and removing the link afterwards. You don't need an iframe anymore.
The magic lies in the lines
let blob = new Blob([result], { type: "application/octetstream" });
a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
The interesting point is that this solution is only working with a "blob". As you can see in other answers, some are simply using a blob but not explaining why and how to create it.
As you can read e.g. in the Mozilla developer documentation you need a file, media ressource or blob for the function "createObjectURL()" to work. The problem is that your http-response might not be any of those.
Therefore the first thing you must do is to convert your response to a blob. This is what the first line does. Then you can use the "createObjectURL" with your newly created blob.
If you than click the link your browser will open a file-save dialog and you can save your data. Obviously it s possible that you cannot define a fixed filename for your file to download. Then you must make your response more complex like in the answer from Luke.
And don't forget to free up the memory especially when you are working with large files. For more examples and information you can look at the details of the JS blob object
Here is what I did, pure javascript and html. Did not test it but this should work in all browsers.
Javascript Function
var iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
iframe.id = "IFRAMEID";
iframe.style.display = 'none';
document.body.appendChild(iframe);
iframe.src = 'SERVERURL'+'?' + $.param($scope.filtro);
iframe.addEventListener("load", function () {
console.log("FILE LOAD DONE.. Download should start now");
});
Using just components that is supported in all browsers no additional
libraries.
Here is my server side JAVA Spring controller code.
#RequestMapping(value = "/rootto/my/xlsx", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public void downloadExcelFile(#RequestParam(value = "param1", required = false) String param1,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ParseException {
Workbook wb = service.getWorkbook(param1);
if (wb != null) {
try {
String fileName = "myfile_" + sdf.format(new Date());
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=\"" + fileName + ".xlsx\"");
wb.write(response.getOutputStream());
response.getOutputStream().close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
How to DOWNLOAD a file after receiving it by AJAX
It’s convenient when the file is created for a long time and you need to show PRELOADER
Example when submitting a web form:
<script>
$(function () {
$('form').submit(function () {
$('#loader').show();
$.ajax({
url: $(this).attr('action'),
data: $(this).serialize(),
dataType: 'binary',
xhrFields: {
'responseType': 'blob'
},
success: function(data, status, xhr) {
$('#loader').hide();
// if(data.type.indexOf('text/html') != -1){//If instead of a file you get an error page
// var reader = new FileReader();
// reader.readAsText(data);
// reader.onload = function() {alert(reader.result);};
// return;
// }
var link = document.createElement('a'),
filename = 'file.xlsx';
// if(xhr.getResponseHeader('Content-Disposition')){//filename
// filename = xhr.getResponseHeader('Content-Disposition');
// filename=filename.match(/filename="(.*?)"/)[1];
// filename=decodeURIComponent(escape(filename));
// }
link.href = URL.createObjectURL(data);
link.download = filename;
link.click();
}
});
return false;
});
});
</script>
Optional functional is commented out to simplify the example.
No need to create temporary files on the server.
On jQuery v2.2.4 OK. There will be an error on the old version:
Uncaught DOMException: Failed to read the 'responseText' property from 'XMLHttpRequest': The value is only accessible if the object's 'responseType' is '' or 'text' (was 'blob').
function downloadURI(uri, name)
{
var link = document.createElement("a");
link.download = name;
link.href = uri;
link.click();
}
I try to download a CSV file and then do something after download has finished. So I need to implement an appropriate callback function.
Using window.location="..." is not a good idea because I cannot operate the program after finishing download. Something like this, change header so it is not a good idea.
fetch is a good alternative however it cannot support IE 11. And window.URL.createObjectURL cannot support IE 11.You can refer this.
This is my code, it is similar to the code of Shahrukh Alam. But you should take care that window.URL.createObjectURL maybe create memory leaks. You can refer this. When response has arrived, data will be stored into memory of browser. So before you click a link, the file has been downloaded. It means that you can do anything after download.
$.ajax({
url: 'your download url',
type: 'GET',
}).done(function (data, textStatus, request) {
// csv => Blob
var blob = new Blob([data]);
// the file name from server.
var fileName = request.getResponseHeader('fileName');
if (window.navigator && window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob) { // for IE
window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob(blob, fileName);
} else { // for others
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
const a = document.createElement('a');
a.style.display = 'none';
a.href = url;
a.download = fileName;
document.body.appendChild(a);
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
//Do something after download
...
}
}).then(after_download)
}
Adding some more things to above answer for downloading a file
Below is some java spring code which generates byte Array
#RequestMapping(value = "/downloadReport", method = { RequestMethod.POST })
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> downloadReport(
#RequestBody final SomeObejct obj, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
OutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
// write something to output stream
HttpHeaders respHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
respHeaders.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
respHeaders.add("X-File-Name", name);
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = (ByteArrayOutputStream) out;
return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(bos.toByteArray(), respHeaders, HttpStatus.CREATED);
}
Now in javascript code using FileSaver.js ,can download a file with below code
var json=angular.toJson("somejsobject");
var url=apiEndPoint+'some url';
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
//headers('X-File-Name')
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 201) {
var res = this.response;
var fileName=this.getResponseHeader('X-File-Name');
var data = new Blob([res]);
saveAs(data, fileName); //this from FileSaver.js
}
}
xhr.open('POST', url);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Authorization','Bearer ' + token);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
xhr.send(json);
The above will download file
In Rails, I do it this way:
function download_file(file_id) {
let url = '/files/' + file_id + '/download_file';
$.ajax({
type: 'GET',
url: url,
processData: false,
success: function (data) {
window.location = url;
},
error: function (xhr) {
console.log(' Error: >>>> ' + JSON.stringify(xhr));
}
});
}
The trick is the window.location part. The controller's method looks like:
# GET /files/{:id}/download_file/
def download_file
send_file(#file.file,
:disposition => 'attachment',
:url_based_filename => false)
end
Use window.open https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/open
For example, you can put this line of code in a click handler:
window.open('/file.txt', '_blank');
It will open a new tab (because of the '_blank' window-name) and that tab will open the URL.
Your server-side code should also have something like this:
res.set('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename=file.txt');
And that way, the browser should prompt the user to save the file to disk, instead of just showing them the file. It will also automatically close the tab that it just opened.
The HTML Code :
<button type="button" id="GetFile">Get File!</button>
The jQuery Code :
$('#GetFile').on('click', function () {
$.ajax({
url: 'https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/s.cdpn.io/172905/test.pdf',
method: 'GET',
xhrFields: {
responseType: 'blob'
},
success: function (data) {
var a = document.createElement('a');
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(data);
a.href = url;
a.download = 'myfile.pdf';
document.body.append(a);
a.click();
a.remove();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
}
});
});
Ok so here is the working code when Using MVC and you are getting your file from a controller
lets say you have your byte array declare and populate, the only thing you need to do is to use the File function (using System.Web.Mvc)
byte[] bytes = .... insert your bytes in the array
return File(bytes, System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Octet, "nameoffile.exe");
and then, in the same controller, add thoses 2 functions
protected override void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext context)
{
CheckAndHandleFileResult(context);
base.OnResultExecuting(context);
}
private const string FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME = "fileDownload";
/// <summary>
/// If the current response is a FileResult (an MVC base class for files) then write a
/// cookie to inform jquery.fileDownload that a successful file download has occured
/// </summary>
/// <param name="context"></param>
private void CheckAndHandleFileResult(ResultExecutingContext context)
{
if (context.Result is FileResult)
//jquery.fileDownload uses this cookie to determine that a file download has completed successfully
Response.SetCookie(new HttpCookie(FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME, "true") { Path = "/" });
else
//ensure that the cookie is removed in case someone did a file download without using jquery.fileDownload
if (Request.Cookies[FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME] != null)
Response.Cookies[FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME].Expires = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-1);
}
and then you will be able to call your controller to download and get the "success" or "failure" callback
$.fileDownload(mvcUrl('name of the controller'), {
httpMethod: 'POST',
successCallback: function (url) {
//insert success code
},
failCallback: function (html, url) {
//insert fail code
}
});
I found a fix that while it's not actually using ajax it does allow you to use a javascript call to request the download and then get a callback when the download actually starts. I found this helpful if the link runs a server side script that takes a little bit to compose the file before sending it. so you can alert them that it's processing, and then when it does finally send the file remove that processing notification. which is why I wanted to try to load the file via ajax to begin with so that I could have an event happen when the file is requested and another when it actually starts downloading.
the js on the front page
function expdone()
{
document.getElementById('exportdiv').style.display='none';
}
function expgo()
{
document.getElementById('exportdiv').style.display='block';
document.getElementById('exportif').src='test2.php?arguments=data';
}
the iframe
<div id="exportdiv" style="display:none;">
<img src="loader.gif"><br><h1>Generating Report</h1>
<iframe id="exportif" src="" style="width: 1px;height: 1px; border:0px;"></iframe>
</div>
then the other file:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script>
function expdone()
{
window.parent.expdone();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<iframe id="exportif" src="<?php echo "http://10.192.37.211/npdtracker/exportthismonth.php?arguments=".$_GET["arguments"]; ?>"></iframe>
<script>document.getElementById('exportif').onload= expdone;</script>
</body></html>
I think there's a way to read get data using js so then no php would be needed. but I don't know it off hand and the server I'm using supports php so this works for me. thought I'd share it in case it helps anyone.
If the server is writing the file back in the response (including cookies if
you use them to determine whether the file download started), Simply create a form with the values and submit it:
function ajaxPostDownload(url, data) {
var $form;
if (($form = $('#download_form')).length === 0) {
$form = $("<form id='download_form'" + " style='display: none; width: 1px; height: 1px; position: absolute; top: -10000px' method='POST' action='" + url + "'></form>");
$form.appendTo("body");
}
//Clear the form fields
$form.html("");
//Create new form fields
Object.keys(data).forEach(function (key) {
$form.append("<input type='hidden' name='" + key + "' value='" + data[key] + "'>");
});
//Submit the form post
$form.submit();
}
Usage:
ajaxPostDownload('/fileController/ExportFile', {
DownloadToken: 'newDownloadToken',
Name: $txtName.val(),
Type: $txtType.val()
});
Controller Method:
[HttpPost]
public FileResult ExportFile(string DownloadToken, string Name, string Type)
{
//Set DownloadToken Cookie.
Response.SetCookie(new HttpCookie("downloadToken", DownloadToken)
{
Expires = DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(1),
Secure = false
});
using (var output = new MemoryStream())
{
//get File
return File(output.ToArray(), "application/vnd.ms-excel", "NewFile.xls");
}
}
I have tried Ajax and HttpRequest ways to get my result download file but I've failed, finally I've solved my problem using these steps:
implemented a simple hidden form in my html code:
<form method="post" id="post_form" style="display:none" action="amin.php" >
<input type="hidden" name="action" value="export_xlsx" />
<input type="hidden" name="post_form_data" value="" />
</form>
input with 'action' name is for calling function in my php code,
input with 'post_form_data' name for sending long data of a table which were not possible to send with GET. this data was encoded to json, and put json in input:
var list = new Array();
$('#table_name tr').each(function() {
var row = new Array();
$(this).find('td').each(function() {
row.push($(this).text());
});
list.push(row);
});
list = JSON.stringify(list);
$("input[name=post_form_data]").val(list);
now, the form is ready with my desire values in inputs, just need to trigger the submit.
document.getElementById('post_form').submit();
and done!
while my result is a file (xlsx file for me) the page wouldn't be redirected and instantly the file starts to download in last page, so no need to useiframe or window.open etc.
if you are trying to do something like this, this should be an easy trick 😉.
If you want to use jQuery File Download , please note this for IE.
You need to reset the response or it will not download
//The IE will only work if you reset response
getServletResponse().reset();
//The jquery.fileDownload needs a cookie be set
getServletResponse().setHeader("Set-Cookie", "fileDownload=true; path=/");
//Do the reset of your action create InputStream and return
Your action can implement ServletResponseAware to access getServletResponse()
It is certain that you can not do it through Ajax call.
However, there is a workaround.
Steps :
If you are using form.submit() for downloading the file, what you can do is :
Create an ajax call from client to server and store the file stream inside the session.
Upon "success" being returned from server, call your form.submit() to just stream the file stream stored in the session.
This is helpful in case when you want to decide whether or not file needs to be downloaded after making form.submit(), eg: there can be a case where on form.submit(), an exception occurs on the server side and instead of crashing, you might need to show a custom message on the client side, in such case this implementation might help.
there is another solution to download a web page in ajax. But I am referring to a page that must first be processed and then downloaded.
First you need to separate the page processing from the results download.
1) Only the page calculations are made in the ajax call.
$.post("CalculusPage.php", { calculusFunction: true, ID: 29, data1: "a", data2: "b" },
function(data, status)
{
if (status == "success")
{
/* 2) In the answer the page that uses the previous calculations is downloaded. For example, this can be a page that prints the results of a table calculated in the ajax call. */
window.location.href = DownloadPage.php+"?ID="+29;
}
}
);
// For example: in the CalculusPage.php
if ( !empty($_POST["calculusFunction"]) )
{
$ID = $_POST["ID"];
$query = "INSERT INTO ExamplePage (data1, data2) VALUES ('".$_POST["data1"]."', '".$_POST["data2"]."') WHERE id = ".$ID;
...
}
// For example: in the DownloadPage.php
$ID = $_GET["ID"];
$sede = "SELECT * FROM ExamplePage WHERE id = ".$ID;
...
$filename="Export_Data.xls";
header("Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-excel");
header("Content-Disposition: inline; filename=$filename");
...
I hope this solution can be useful for many, as it was for me.
That's it works so fine in any browser (I'm using asp.net core)
function onDownload() {
const api = '#Url.Action("myaction", "mycontroller")';
var form = new FormData(document.getElementById('form1'));
fetch(api, { body: form, method: "POST"})
.then(resp => resp.blob())
.then(blob => {
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
$('#linkdownload').attr('download', 'Attachement.zip');
$('#linkdownload').attr("href", url);
$('#linkdownload')
.fadeIn(3000,
function() { });
})
.catch(() => alert('An error occurred'));
}
<button type="button" onclick="onDownload()" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Click to Process Files</button>
<a role="button" href="#" style="display: none" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary" id="linkdownload">Click to download Attachments</a>
<form asp-controller="mycontroller" asp-action="myaction" id="form1"></form>
function onDownload() {
const api = '#Url.Action("myaction", "mycontroller")';
//form1 is your id form, and to get data content of form
var form = new FormData(document.getElementById('form1'));
fetch(api, { body: form, method: "POST"})
.then(resp => resp.blob())
.then(blob => {
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
$('#linkdownload').attr('download', 'Attachments.zip');
$('#linkdownload').attr("href", url);
$('#linkdownload')
.fadeIn(3000,
function() {
});
})
.catch(() => alert('An error occurred'));
}
I struggled with this issue for a long time. Finally an elegant external library suggested here helped me out.
Question background:
I am implementing some basic 'shopping cart' logic to an MVC app. Currently when I click a link - denoted as 'Add To Cart' on the screen shot below this calls to an 'AddToCart' method in the 'ProductController' as shown:
Product.cshtml code:
#Html.ActionLink("Add To Cart", "AddToCart")
'AddToCart' method in the ProductController:
public void AddToCart()
{
//Logic to add item to the cart.
}
The issue:
Not an issue as such but currently when I click the 'Add To Cart' button on the ActionLink on the ProductDetail.cshtml view the page calls the 'AddToCart' method on the ProductController and gives a blank view on the page - as shown below. I want the view to stay on 'ProductDetail.cshtml' and just call the 'AddToCart' method, how do I do this?
Basically #Html.ActionLink() or <a></a> tag uses get request to locate the page. Hence whenever you clicked it, you request to your AddToCart action method in ProductController and if that action method returns null or void so a blank or empty page is shown as you experienced (because or #Html.ActionLink() get request by Default).
So if you want to add your value to cart then call AddToCart method using ajax i.e:
HTML:
#Html.ActionLink("Add To Cart", "AddToCart", null, new { id="myLink"})
Jquery or Javascript:
$("#myLink").click(function(e){
e.preventDefault();
$.ajax({
url:$(this).attr("href"), // comma here instead of semicolon
success: function(){
alert("Value Added"); // or any other indication if you want to show
}
});
});
'AddToCart' method in the ProductController:
public void AddToCart()
{
//Logic to add item to the cart.
}
Now this time when the call goes to AddToCart method it goes by using ajax hence the whole page will not redirect or change, but its an asynchronous call which execute the AddToCart action method in your ProductController and the current page will remains same. Hence the product will also added to cart and page will not change to blank.
Hope this helps.
The answer of Syed Muhammad Zeeshan is what you are looking for, however you may return an EmptyResult.
public ActionResult AddToCart()
{
//Logic to add item to the cart.
return new EmptyResult();
}
According to this it has no impact on your code ASP.Net MVC Controller Actions that return void
But maybe sometime you want to return data and then you could do something like this:
if (a)
{
return JSon(data);
}
else
{
return new EmptyResult();
}
As many people mentioned here you will need to use AJAX if your using asp.net MVC to hit a controller POST function without having to leave your view.
A good use case for this is if you want to upload a file without refreshing the page and save that on the server.
All of the
return new EmptyResult();
Wont work, they will still redirect you.
Here is how you do it, in your view have the follow form as an example:
<form enctype="multipart/form-data" id="my-form">
<p>
The CSV you want to upload:
</p>
<input type="file" class="file-upload" name="FileUpload" />
</div>
<div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default" name="Submit" value="Upload">Upload</button>
</div>
</form>
Then in the JavaScript side you need to add this to your view with within Script tags.
$("#my-form").on('submit', function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
// create form data
var formData = new FormData();
//grab the file that was provided by the user
var file = $('.file-upload')[0].files[0];
// Loop through each of the selected files.
formData.append('file', file);
if (file) {
// Perform the ajax post
$.ajax({
url: '/YourController/UploadCsv',
data: formData,
processData: false,
contentType: false,
type: 'POST',
success: function (data) {
alert(data);
}
});
}
});
Your controller might look something like this to process this type of file:
[HttpPost]
public void UploadCsv()
{
var listOfObjects = new List<ObjectModel>();
var FileUpload = Request.Files[0]; //Uploaded file
//check we have a file
if (FileUpload.ContentLength > 0)
{
//Workout our file path
string fileName = Path.GetFileName(FileUpload.FileName);
string path = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/App_Data/"), fileName);
//Try and upload
try
{
//save the file
FileUpload.SaveAs(path);
var sr = new StreamReader(FileUpload.InputStream);
string csvData = sr.ReadToEnd();
foreach (string r in csvData.Split('\n').Skip(1))
{
var row = r;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(row))
{
//do something with your data
var dataArray = row.Split(',');
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//Catch errors
//log an error
}
}
else
{
//log an error
}
}
There are many ways to accomplish what you want, but some of them require a lot more advanced knowledge of things like JavaScript than you seem aware of.
When you write ASP.NET MVC applications, you are required to have more intimate knowledge of how browsers interact with the web server. This happens over a protocol called HTTP. It's a simple protocol on the surface, but it has many subtle details that you need to understand to successfully write ASP.NET MVC apps. You also need to know more about Html, CSS, and JavaScript.
In your case, you are creating an anchor tag (<a href="..."/>), which when click upon, instructs the browser to navigate to the url in the href. That is why you get a different page.
If you don't want that, there are a number of ways change your application. The first would be, instead of using an ActionLink, you instead simply have a form and post values back to your current controller. And call your "add to cart" code from your post action method.
Another way would be have your AddToCart method look at the referrer header (again, part of that more subtle knowledge of http) and redirect back to that page after it has processed its work.
Yet another way would be to use Ajax, as suggested by Syed, in which data is sent to your controller asynchronously by the browser. This requires that you learn more about JavaScript.
Another option is to use an embedded iframe and have your "add to cart" be it's own page within that iframe. I wouldn't necessarily suggest that approach, but it's a possibility.
Controller should return ActionResult. In this case a redirect to the caller page.
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Mvc.Html;
public ActionResult Index()
{
HtmlHelper helper = new HtmlHelper(new ViewContext(ControllerContext, new WebFormView(ControllerContext, "Index"), new ViewDataDictionary(), new TempDataDictionary(), new System.IO.StringWriter()), new ViewPage());
helper.RenderAction("Index2");
return View();
}
public void Index2(/*your arg*/)
{
//your code
}
I was struggling with this and couldn't get it working with ajax.
Eventually got a working solution by making my controller method return type ActionResult rather than void and returning a RedirectToAction() and inputting the action relating to the view I wanted to remain on when calling the controller method.
public ActionResult Method()
{
// logic
return RedirectToAction("ActionName");
}
In a user control I have an unordered list that contains items showing editable file data.
I create these items in my javascript using a JSON string set in a hidden field when the page is loaded or when the controlling element (AJAX async file upload) performs it's OnClient_UploadComplete function.
Everything I have is solid so far: the items are created on the client side, and I can get any values changed using an existing hidden field and transfer the data back to a BL object when I need it.
My problem is that during the server-side On_UploadComplete function, my server code cannot find any of the dinamically created items created by my javascript to add essential data to the new item.
I have to be missing something. The value I get from the control is "/r/n"..
My best guess is that my c# code is set up wrong. On the page, to find the ul I have:
Control m_ulFileItems = m_fuPhotoUpload.FindControl("m_ulFileItems");
I'll do some more loking, but this is an important aspect of getting this control to work.
I do not have any idea how you could be able to access these controls on server side. However, what I would suggest is that you pass their values from client to server, perhaps like this:
$.ajax({
url: ...,
type: ...,
data: ids and values from your controls in json format
});
Here are some more details:
if this is the HTML:
<div>
<div id="placeHolder"></div>
<input type="button" value="Submit" onclick="submit();" />
</div>
And I have added some text boxes the following way:
$(document).ready(function () {
for (var idx = 0; idx < 10; idx++) {
$('<input class="myInput" type="text" />').appendTo($('#placeHolder'));
}
});
Then this should work:
function submit() {
var jsonInput = '{';
var inputList = $(".myInput");
for (var idx = 0; idx < inputList.length; idx++) {
jsonInput = jsonInput + 'txt_' + idx + ': ' + $(inputList[idx]).val() + ',';
}
jsonInput = jsonInput.substring(0, jsonInput.length - 1);
jsonInput = jsonInput + '}';
alert(jsonInput);
$.ajax({
url: "WebForm1.aspx/HandleSubmitClick",
data: jsonInput
});
}
Hope it helps.
If you do not like the Ajax call to the server I can suggest to use a hidden control, and put that string into the hidden control before you go to the server. Then you will be able to take the value of that hidden control on the server side.
Anyway, this is the basic idea - collect and prepare the data on the client side, then send it to the server side somehow.
Add a hidden field to the page and before posting back to the server, scan all the items in the list, maybe create a JSON object which contains all the needed info from the created items, and set the hidden field value to this JSON. Now you should be able to grab that value and parse the JSON in C# and handle it from there.