Generating Schröder Paths - c#

I want to generate schröder paths from (0, 0) to (2n, 0) with
no peaks, i.e., no up step followed immediately by a down step.
Some examples are for n=3 : shröder paths.
/ is coded as U, -- is coded as R and \ is coded as D. Here is my code to generate these paths :
public static void addParen(List<String> list, int upstock,int rightstock,int
downstock,bool B, char[] str, int count,int total,int n)
{
if (total == n && downstock == 0)
{
String s = copyvalueof(str);
list.Add(s);
}
if (total > n || (total==n && downstock>0) )
return;
else
{
if (upstock > 0 && total<n)
{
str[count] = 'U';
addParen(list, upstock - 1,rightstock, downstock+1,B=true, str, count + 1,total+1,n);
}
if (downstock > 0 && total<n && B==false)
{
str[count] = 'D';
addParen(list, upstock,rightstock, downstock - 1,B=false, str, count + 1,total+1,n);
}
if (rightstock > 0 && total < n)
{
str[count] = 'R';
addParen(list, upstock, rightstock-1, downstock, B = false, str, count + 1, total + 2,n);
}
}
}
public static List<String> generatePaths(int count)
{
char[] str = new char[count * 2];
bool B = false;
List<String> list = new List<String>();
addParen(list, count-1, count, 0,B,str, 0, 0,count*2);
return list;
}
The total is 2n. I start with n-1 ups n rights and zero downs.Since there is no Up yet my bool B is false ( if there comes an up then down can not come after it,so to prevent this I put B=true which prevents it.) If an up comes, then there should be a corresponding down, and total should be incremented by one. If right comes then, total should be incremented by 2. My algorithm in general works like that but I couldn't get a correct result with this implementation.

The original solution didn't adapt to OP's needs, as it was too complicated to port to javascript and the intention was to show better practices solving these kind of problems more than actually solving easily this one in particular.
But in the spirit of using immutable types to solve path algorithms, we can still do so in a much simpler fashion: we'll use string.
Ok as always, lets build up our infrastructure: tools that will make our life easier:
private const char Up = 'U';
private const char Down = 'D';
private const char Horizontal = 'R';
private static readonly char[] upOrHorizontal = new[] { Up, Horizontal };
private static readonly char[] downOrHorizontal = new[] { Down, Horizontal };
private static readonly char[] all = new[] { Up, Horizontal, Down };
And a handy little helper method:
private static IList<char> GetAllPossibleDirectionsFrom(string path)
{
if (path.Length == 0)
return upOrHorizontal;
switch (path.Last())
{
case Up: return upOrHorizontal;
case Down: return downOrHorizontal;
case Horizontal: return all;
default:
Debug.Assert(false);
throw new NotSupportedException();
}
}
Remember, break down your problems to smaller problems. All difficult problems can be solved solving smaller easier problems. This helper method is hard to get wrong; thats good, its hard to write a bug inside easy short methods.
And now, we solve the bigger problem. We'll not use iterator blocks so porting is easier. We'll concede here using a mutable list to keep track of all the valid paths we find.
Our recursive solution is the following:
private static void getPaths(IList<string> allPaths,
string currentPath,
int height,
int maxLength,
int maxHeight)
{
if (currentPath.Length == maxLength)
{
if (height == 0)
{
allPaths.Add(currentPath);
}
}
else
{
foreach (var d in GetAllPossibleDirectionsFrom(currentPath))
{
int newHeight;
switch (d)
{
case Up:
newHeight = height + 1;
break;
case Down:
newHeight = height - 1;
break;
case Horizontal:
newHeight = height;
break;
default:
Debug.Assert(false);
throw new NotSupportedException();
}
if (newHeight < 0 /*illegal path*/ ||
newHeight >
maxLength - (currentPath.Length + 1)) /*can not possibly
end with zero height*/
continue;
getPaths(allPaths,
currentPath + d.ToString(),
newHeight,
maxLength,
maxHeight);
}
}
}
Not much to say, its pretty self explanatory. We could cut back some on the arguments; height is not strictly necessary, we could count ups and downs in the current path and figure out the height we are currently at, but that seems wasteful. maxLength could also, and probably should be removed, we have enough information with maxHeight.
Now we just need a method to kick this off:
public static IList<string> GetSchroderPathsWithoutPeaks(int n)
{
var allPaths = new List<string>();
getPaths(allPaths, "", 0, 2 * n, n);
return allPaths;
}
And we're set! If we take this out for a test drive:
var paths = GetSchroderPathsWithoutPeaks(2);
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(Environment.NewLine, paths));
We get the expected results:
URRD
URDR
RURD
RRRR
As to why your solution doesn't work? Well, just the fact that you can't figure it out says it all about how unecessary complicated your current solution is starting to look. When that happens, its normally a good idea to take a step back, rethink your approach, write down a clear specification of what your program should be doing step by step and start over.

Related

How to optimize a loops going through arrays?

I've been going though www.testdome.com to test my skills and opened a list of public questions. One of the practice questions was:
Implement function CountNumbers that accepts a sorted array of
integers and counts the number of array elements that are less than
the parameter lessThan.
For example, SortedSearch.CountNumbers(new int[] { 1, 3, 5, 7 }, 4)
should return 2 because there are two array elements less than 4.
And my answer was:
using System;
public class SortedSearch
{
public static int CountNumbers(int[] sortedArray, int lessThan)
{
int count = 0;
int l = sortedArray.Length;
for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {
if (sortedArray [i] < lessThan)
count++;
}
return count;
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(SortedSearch.CountNumbers(new int[] { 1, 3, 5, 7 }, 4));
}
}
It seems that I've failed on two counts:
Performance test when sortedArray contains lessThan: Time limit exceeded
and
Performance test when sortedArray doesn't contain lessThan: Time limit exceeded
To be honest I'm not sure what to optimize there? Maybe I'm using a wrong method and there is a similar way to speed up the calculation?
If someone could point out my mistake or explain what I'm going wrong, I'd really appreciate it!
Because the array is sorted, you can stop counting as soon as you reach or exceed the lessThan parameter.
else break would probably do it.
Does it have to be really a loop? You could do Lambda exp for that
public static int CountNumbers(int[] sortedArray, int lessThan)
{
return sortedArray.ToList().Where(x=>x < lessThan).Count();
}
Harold's answer and approach is spot on.
Find below another code sample in case you're practicing for technical interviews. It handles cases when the array is null or empty, when lessThan is presented in the array (including duplicates), etc.
private static int CountNumbers(int[] sortedArray, int lessThan)
{
if (sortedArray == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("Sorted array cannot be null.");
}
if (sortedArray.Length == 0)
{
throw new ArgumentException("Sorted array cannot be empty.");
}
int start = 0;
int end = sortedArray.Length;
int middle = int.MinValue;
while (start < end)
{
middle = (start + end) / 2;
if (sortedArray[middle] == lessThan)
{
break; // Found the "lessThan" number in the array, we can stop and move left
}
else if (sortedArray[middle] < lessThan)
{
start = middle + 1;
}
else
{
end = middle - 1;
}
}
// Adjust the middle pointer based on the "current" and "lessThan" numbers in the sorted array
while (middle >= 0 && sortedArray[middle] >= lessThan)
{
middle--;
}
// +1 because middle is calculated through 0-based (e.g. start)
return middle + 1;
}

Performing actions on a string using a StringBuilder

I am coding a C# application that appends, inserts, replaces and finds string content in string called content. Multiple objects called editObjects are performing these actions on the same string called content.
I am currently passing a StringBuilder object to each editObject object, and then each editObject performs the actions on the StringBuilder object.
This question has two parts:
Am I correct in saying that a StringBuilder is the most efficient way to perform multiple actions on a string?
I have found this post from 2013: Fastest search method in StringBuilder, and would like to know if there is some known code that is a more efficient way to find the index of a string in a StringBuilder?
public static class StringBuilderSearching
{
public static bool Contains(this StringBuilder haystack, string needle)
{
return haystack.IndexOf(needle) != -1;
}
public static int IndexOf(this StringBuilder haystack, string needle)
{
if(haystack == null || needle == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException();
if(needle.Length == 0)
return 0;//empty strings are everywhere!
if(needle.Length == 1)//can't beat just spinning through for it
{
char c = needle[0];
for(int idx = 0; idx != haystack.Length; ++idx)
if(haystack[idx] == c)
return idx;
return -1;
}
int m = 0;
int i = 0;
int[] T = KMPTable(needle);
while(m + i < haystack.Length)
{
if(needle[i] == haystack[m + i])
{
if(i == needle.Length - 1)
return m == needle.Length ? -1 : m;//match -1 = failure to find conventional in .NET
++i;
}
else
{
m = m + i - T[i];
i = T[i] > -1 ? T[i] : 0;
}
}
return -1;
}
private static int[] KMPTable(string sought)
{
int[] table = new int[sought.Length];
int pos = 2;
int cnd = 0;
table[0] = -1;
table[1] = 0;
while(pos < table.Length)
if(sought[pos - 1] == sought[cnd])
table[pos++] = ++cnd;
else if(cnd > 0)
cnd = table[cnd];
else
table[pos++] = 0;
return table;
}
}
StringBuilder is faster for most string manipulations - That doesn't mean it is the best for all multiple actions done on a string.
In your case, you are willing to find a string inside the StringBuilder, this requires you to do one of two things:
Doing a standard search at O(n) iterating the whole StringBuilder, which can be done in a pretty optimized way like the code you have posted in the question.
Indexing chars or strings on every addition and removal of data to/from the StringBuilder. Note that indexing means you will need to analyse every string you add or remove to/from the StringBuilder which creates a little overhead for each manipulation action.
You need to do the judging of what your application does more and what will disturb your application more - O(n) search instead of an O(log(n)) or O(n + m) manipulations instead of O(n) ones. (Where m is the overhead for each insertion/removal divided by the average inserted/removedstring length)
Basic indexing illustration:
Indexes which are in between are fine too for balance (maximum 2 chars index/maximum 3 chars/etc...).

Combination Algorithm

Length = input Long(can be 2550, 2880, 2568, etc)
List<long> = {618, 350, 308, 300, 250, 232, 200, 128}
The program takes a long value, for that particular long value we have to find the possible combination from the above list which when added give me a input result(same value can be used twice). There can be a difference of +/- 30.
Largest numbers have to be used most.
Ex:Length = 868
For this combinations can be
Combination 1 = 618 + 250
Combination 2 = 308 + 232 + 200 +128
Correct Combination would be Combination 1
But there should also be different combinations.
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
//subtotal list
List<int> totals = new List<int>(new int[] { 618, 350, 308, 300, 250, 232, 200, 128 });
// get matches
List<int[]> results = KnapSack.MatchTotal(2682, totals);
// print results
foreach (var result in results)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(",", result));
}
Console.WriteLine("Done.");
}
internal static List<int[]> MatchTotal(int theTotal, List<int> subTotals)
{
List<int[]> results = new List<int[]>();
while (subTotals.Contains(theTotal))
{
results.Add(new int[1] { theTotal });
subTotals.Remove(theTotal);
}
if (subTotals.Count == 0)
return results;
subTotals.Sort();
double mostNegativeNumber = subTotals[0];
if (mostNegativeNumber > 0)
mostNegativeNumber = 0;
if (mostNegativeNumber == 0)
subTotals.RemoveAll(d => d > theTotal);
for (int choose = 0; choose <= subTotals.Count; choose++)
{
IEnumerable<IEnumerable<int>> combos = Combination.Combinations(subTotals.AsEnumerable(), choose);
results.AddRange(from combo in combos where combo.Sum() == theTotal select combo.ToArray());
}
return results;
}
public static class Combination
{
public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> Combinations<T>(this IEnumerable<T> elements, int choose)
{
return choose == 0 ?
new[] { new T[0] } :
elements.SelectMany((element, i) =>
elements.Skip(i + 1).Combinations(choose - 1).Select(combo => (new[] { element }).Concat(combo)));
}
}
I Have used the above code, can it be more simplified, Again here also i get unique values. A value can be used any number of times. But the largest number has to be given the most priority.
I have a validation to check whether the total of the sum is greater than the input value. The logic fails even there..
The algorithm you have shown assumes that the list is sorted in ascending order. If not, then you shall first have to sort the list in O(nlogn) time and then execute the algorithm.
Also, it assumes that you are only considering combinations of pairs and you exit on the first match.
If you want to find all combinations, then instead of "break", just output the combination and increment startIndex or decrement endIndex.
Moreover, you should check for ranges (targetSum - 30 to targetSum + 30) rather than just the exact value because the problem says that a margin of error is allowed.
This is the best solution according to me because its complexity is O(nlogn + n) including the sorting.
V4 - Recursive Method, using Stack structure instead of stack frames on thread
It works (tested in VS), but there could be some bugs remaining.
static int Threshold = 30;
private static Stack<long> RecursiveMethod(long target)
{
Stack<long> Combination = new Stack<long>(establishedValues.Count); //Can grow bigger, as big as (target / min(establishedValues)) values
Stack<int> Index = new Stack<int>(establishedValues.Count); //Can grow bigger
int lowerBound = 0;
int dimensionIndex = lowerBound;
long fail = -1 * Threshold;
while (true)
{
long thisVal = establishedValues[dimensionIndex];
dimensionIndex++;
long afterApplied = target - thisVal;
if (afterApplied < fail)
lowerBound = dimensionIndex;
else
{
target = afterApplied;
Combination.Push(thisVal);
if (target <= Threshold)
return Combination;
Index.Push(dimensionIndex);
dimensionIndex = lowerBound;
}
if (dimensionIndex >= establishedValues.Count)
{
if (Index.Count == 0)
return null; //No possible combinations
dimensionIndex = Index.Pop();
lowerBound = dimensionIndex;
target += Combination.Pop();
}
}
}
Maybe V3 - Suggestion for Ordered solution trying every combination
Although this isn't chosen as the answer for the related question, I believe this is a good approach - https://stackoverflow.com/a/17258033/887092(, otherwise you could try the chosen answer (although the output for that is only 2 items in set being summed, rather than up to n items)) - it will enumerate every option including multiples of the same value. V2 works but would be slightly less efficient than an ordered solution, as the same failing-attempt will likely be attempted multiple times.
V2 - Random Selection - Will be able to reuse the same number twice
I'm a fan of using random for "intelligence", allowing the computer to brute force the solution. It's also easy to distribute - as there is no state dependence between two threads trying at the same time for example.
static int Threshold = 30;
public static List<long> RandomMethod(long Target)
{
List<long> Combinations = new List<long>();
Random rnd = new Random();
//Assuming establishedValues is sorted
int LowerBound = 0;
long runningSum = Target;
while (true)
{
int newLowerBound = FindLowerBound(LowerBound, runningSum);
if (newLowerBound == -1)
{
//No more beneficial values to work with, reset
runningSum = Target;
Combinations.Clear();
LowerBound = 0;
continue;
}
LowerBound = newLowerBound;
int rIndex = rnd.Next(LowerBound, establishedValues.Count);
long val = establishedValues[rIndex];
runningSum -= val;
Combinations.Add(val);
if (Math.Abs(runningSum) <= 30)
return Combinations;
}
}
static int FindLowerBound(int currentLowerBound, long runningSum)
{
//Adjust lower bound, so we're not randomly trying a number that's too high
for (int i = currentLowerBound; i < establishedValues.Count; i++)
{
//Factor in the threshold, because an end aggregate which exceeds by 20 is better than underperforming by 21.
if ((establishedValues[i] - Threshold) < runningSum)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
V1 - Ordered selection - Will not be able to reuse the same number twice
Add this very handy extension function (uses a binary algorithm to find all combinations):
//Make sure you put this in a static class inside System namespace
public static IEnumerable<List<T>> EachCombination<T>(this List<T> allValues)
{
var collection = new List<List<T>>();
for (int counter = 0; counter < (1 << allValues.Count); ++counter)
{
List<T> combination = new List<T>();
for (int i = 0; i < allValues.Count; ++i)
{
if ((counter & (1 << i)) == 0)
combination.Add(allValues[i]);
}
if (combination.Count == 0)
continue;
yield return combination;
}
}
Use the function
static List<long> establishedValues = new List<long>() {618, 350, 308, 300, 250, 232, 200, 128, 180, 118, 155};
//Return is a list of the values which sum to equal the target. Null if not found.
List<long> FindFirstCombination(long target)
{
foreach (var combination in establishedValues.EachCombination())
{
//if (combination.Sum() == target)
if (Math.Abs(combination.Sum() - target) <= 30) //Plus or minus tolerance for difference
return combination;
}
return null; //Or you could throw an exception
}
Test the solution
var target = 858;
var result = FindFirstCombination(target);
bool success = (result != null && result.Sum() == target);
//TODO: for loop with random selection of numbers from the establishedValues, Sum and test through FindFirstCombination

How to determine which bit is set

I have two bytes, they only differ in 1 bit. I want to know what bit this is.
So:
byte a,b;
a=0;
b=2;
ChangedBit(a,b) should give bit 1
ChangedBit(4,5) should give bit 0
ChangedBit(7,3) should give bit 2
Any suggestions are very welcome!!
Thanks,
Erik
The correct solution would be to do
var bit = Math.Log(a ^ b, 2);
Although of course this leaves open the question of what happens if for any reason more than one bit is different.
You could use
var bit = (int)Math.Log(a ^ b, 2);
to get you the index of the highest different bit, if more than one differ.
Warning: For correctness, any such function should also check that the two arguments a and b are actually different before trying to provide a result. Otherwise you 'll get either a meaningless result or an outright exception. This is true of all the solutions presented here, including this one.
If they differ by one bit, xor should give you just that bit. So then you could shift to find which?
Perhaps needs some optimisation:
static int ChangedBit(int x, int y)
{
uint bits = (uint)(x ^ y); // need uint to avoid backfill with shift
int count = -1;
while (bits != 0)
{
count++;
bits >>= 1;
}
return count;
}
You can do this quite easily:
Math.Log(Math.Abs(a-b), 2)
Update: fixed...
If you can count from zero, then Math.Log(a^b,2) does the job
var dif = a ^ b;
int bitNumber = 0;
while (dif != 0 && ((dif & 1) == 0)
{
dif = dif >> 1;
++bitNumber;
}
// bitNumber now contains the zero relative bit that is different.
Couldn't resist to write a LINQish version:
var firstBits = new BitArray(new byte[] { 3 });
var secondBits = new BitArray(new byte[] { 17 });
var lhs = firstBits.Cast<bool>().Select((b, i) => new { Bit = b, Index = i });
var rhs = secondBits.Cast<bool>().Select((b, i) => new { Bit = b, Index = i });
var differs = lhs.Zip(rhs, (l, r) => new { Left = l, Right = r })
.Where(zipped => zipped.Left.Bit != zipped.Right.Bit)
.Select(zipped => new { Index = zipped.Left.Index, LeftBit = zipped.Left.Bit, RightBit = zipped.Right.Bit });
foreach (var diff in differs)
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Differs in bit {0}:", diff.Index));
Console.WriteLine(String.Format(" First is set to {0}", diff.LeftBit));
Console.WriteLine(String.Format(" Second is set to {0}", diff.RightBit));
}
Update
Due to the fact that the Zip operator is not a default in LINQ, you can get the implementation from Eric out of his blog.
Others have observed that where two bytes differ in only one bit, an XOR operation will return a byte in which just that bit is set. But no one has yet suggested what to me is the obvious next step for establishing which bit that is:
public static int WhichBitDiffers(byte a, byte b)
{
var xor = a ^ b;
switch(xor)
{
case 0x80:
return 7;
case 0x40:
return 6;
case 0x20:
return 5;
case 0x10:
return 4;
case 0x8:
return 3;
case 0x4:
return 2;
case 0x2:
return 1;
case 0x1:
return 0;
default:
throw new ArgumentException(
"Values do not differ in exactly one bit");
}
}
I bet the compiler / JITter will make this a nice compact jump lookup table, or something along those lines.

How can we prepend strings with StringBuilder?

I know we can append strings using StringBuilder. Is there a way we can prepend strings (i.e. add strings in front of a string) using StringBuilder so we can keep the performance benefits that StringBuilder offers?
Using the insert method with the position parameter set to 0 would be the same as prepending (i.e. inserting at the beginning).
C# example : varStringBuilder.Insert(0, "someThing");
Java example : varStringBuilder.insert(0, "someThing");
It works both for C# and Java
Prepending a String will usually require copying everything after the insertion point back some in the backing array, so it won't be as quick as appending to the end.
But you can do it like this in Java (in C# it's the same, but the method is called Insert):
aStringBuilder.insert(0, "newText");
If you require high performance with lots of prepends, you'll need to write your own version of StringBuilder (or use someone else's). With the standard StringBuilder (although technically it could be implemented differently) insert require copying data after the insertion point. Inserting n piece of text can take O(n^2) time.
A naive approach would be to add an offset into the backing char[] buffer as well as the length. When there is not enough room for a prepend, move the data up by more than is strictly necessary. This can bring performance back down to O(n log n) (I think). A more refined approach is to make the buffer cyclic. In that way the spare space at both ends of the array becomes contiguous.
Here's what you can do If you want to prepend using Java's StringBuilder class:
StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder();
str.Insert(0, "text");
You could try an extension method:
/// <summary>
/// kind of a dopey little one-off for StringBuffer, but
/// an example where you can get crazy with extension methods
/// </summary>
public static void Prepend(this StringBuilder sb, string s)
{
sb.Insert(0, s);
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("World!");
sb.Prepend("Hello "); // Hello World!
You could build the string in reverse and then reverse the result.
You incur an O(n) cost instead of an O(n^2) worst case cost.
If I understand you correctly, the insert method looks like it'll do what you want. Just insert the string at offset 0.
I haven't used it but Ropes For Java Sounds intriguing. The project name is a play on words, use a Rope instead of a String for serious work. Gets around the performance penalty for prepending and other operations. Worth a look, if you're going to be doing a lot of this.
A rope is a high performance
replacement for Strings. The
datastructure, described in detail in
"Ropes: an Alternative to Strings",
provides asymptotically better
performance than both String and
StringBuffer for common string
modifications like prepend, append,
delete, and insert. Like Strings,
ropes are immutable and therefore
well-suited for use in multi-threaded
programming.
Try using Insert()
StringBuilder MyStringBuilder = new StringBuilder("World!");
MyStringBuilder.Insert(0,"Hello "); // Hello World!
You could create an extension for StringBuilder yourself with a simple class:
namespace Application.Code.Helpers
{
public static class StringBuilderExtensions
{
#region Methods
public static void Prepend(this StringBuilder sb, string value)
{
sb.Insert(0, value);
}
public static void PrependLine(this StringBuilder sb, string value)
{
sb.Insert(0, value + Environment.NewLine);
}
#endregion
}
}
Then, just add:
using Application.Code.Helpers;
To the top of any class that you want to use the StringBuilder in and any time you use intelli-sense with a StringBuilder variable, the Prepend and PrependLine methods will show up. Just remember that when you use Prepend, you will need to Prepend in reverse order than if you were Appending.
Judging from the other comments, there's no standard quick way of doing this. Using StringBuilder's .Insert(0, "text") is approximately only 1-3x as fast as using painfully slow String concatenation (based on >10000 concats), so below is a class to prepend potentially thousands of times quicker!
I've included some other basic functionality such as append(), subString() and length() etc. Both appends and prepends vary from about twice as fast to 3x slower than StringBuilder appends. Like StringBuilder, the buffer in this class will automatically increase when the text overflows the old buffer size.
The code has been tested quite a lot, but I can't guarantee it's free of bugs.
class Prepender
{
private char[] c;
private int growMultiplier;
public int bufferSize; // Make public for bug testing
public int left; // Make public for bug testing
public int right; // Make public for bug testing
public Prepender(int initialBuffer = 1000, int growMultiplier = 10)
{
c = new char[initialBuffer];
//for (int n = 0; n < initialBuffer; n++) cc[n] = '.'; // For debugging purposes (used fixed width font for testing)
left = initialBuffer / 2;
right = initialBuffer / 2;
bufferSize = initialBuffer;
this.growMultiplier = growMultiplier;
}
public void clear()
{
left = bufferSize / 2;
right = bufferSize / 2;
}
public int length()
{
return right - left;
}
private void increaseBuffer()
{
int nudge = -bufferSize / 2;
bufferSize *= growMultiplier;
nudge += bufferSize / 2;
char[] tmp = new char[bufferSize];
for (int n = left; n < right; n++) tmp[n + nudge] = c[n];
left += nudge;
right += nudge;
c = new char[bufferSize];
//for (int n = 0; n < buffer; n++) cc[n]='.'; // For debugging purposes (used fixed width font for testing)
for (int n = left; n < right; n++) c[n] = tmp[n];
}
public void append(string s)
{
// If necessary, increase buffer size by growMultiplier
while (right + s.Length > bufferSize) increaseBuffer();
// Append user input to buffer
int len = s.Length;
for (int n = 0; n < len; n++)
{
c[right] = s[n];
right++;
}
}
public void prepend(string s)
{
// If necessary, increase buffer size by growMultiplier
while (left - s.Length < 0) increaseBuffer();
// Prepend user input to buffer
int len = s.Length - 1;
for (int n = len; n > -1; n--)
{
left--;
c[left] = s[n];
}
}
public void truncate(int start, int finish)
{
if (start < 0) throw new Exception("Truncation error: Start < 0");
if (left + finish > right) throw new Exception("Truncation error: Finish > string length");
if (finish < start) throw new Exception("Truncation error: Finish < start");
//MessageBox.Show(left + " " + right);
right = left + finish;
left = left + start;
}
public string subString(int start, int finish)
{
if (start < 0) throw new Exception("Substring error: Start < 0");
if (left + finish > right) throw new Exception("Substring error: Finish > string length");
if (finish < start) throw new Exception("Substring error: Finish < start");
return toString(start,finish);
}
public override string ToString()
{
return new string(c, left, right - left);
//return new string(cc, 0, buffer); // For debugging purposes (used fixed width font for testing)
}
private string toString(int start, int finish)
{
return new string(c, left+start, finish-start );
//return new string(cc, 0, buffer); // For debugging purposes (used fixed width font for testing)
}
}
This should work:
aStringBuilder = "newText" + aStringBuilder;

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