So I've finished Huffman compression algorithm, but it will work only if a .txt file doesn't contain , / ;
So I want to ignore only these symbols
What I've got:
Dictionary of a character and its code, separated by comma. Each pair separated by ;
/ at the end of a dictionary (because next symbol is number of added zeros)
Example:
c,1;a,00;t,01;/3
Of course, when I type in file something like "I love dogs, cats", I've got problems:) Like this one: System.FormatException: "String must be exactly one character long."
Here's my code:
Dictionary<char, string> forDecoding = new Dictionary<char, string>();
using (sr = new StreamReader(fileName))
{
string line = sr.ReadToEnd();
string[] lines = line.Split('/');
string[] dict = lines[0].Split(';');
string[] item = null;
foreach (var v in lines[0])
{
encoded.Add(v);
}
count = Convert.ToInt32(lines[1]);
for (int i = 0; i < dict.Length - 1; i++)
{
item = dict[i].Split(',');
forDecoding.Add(Convert.ToChar(item[0]), item[1]);
}
}
Is there any way to modify it in order to see that comma inside like another symbol of input information that has to be encoded?
Try the following:
Dictionary<char, string> forDecoding = new Dictionary<char, string>();
...
private void LoadEncodedData(string filename)
{
//remove existing items
forDecoding.Clear();
using (System.IO.StreamReader sr = new System.IO.StreamReader(filename))
{
int fileLength = 0;
char previousChar = char.MinValue;
char secondPreviousChar = char.MinValue;
char dictKey = char.MinValue;
string dictVal = string.Empty;
bool isDictVal = false;
bool isNextCharEOF = false;
bool isNumberOfZeros = false;
int numberOfAddedZeros = 0;
string numberOfZerosStr = string.Empty;
while (!sr.EndOfStream)
{
//read char and move position
char currentChar = (char)sr.Read();
//read next char without moving position
char nextChar = (char)sr.Peek();
//65535 = EOF
if (nextChar == 65535)
{
//set val
isNextCharEOF = true;
}
if (!isNextCharEOF && !isDictVal && nextChar == ',')
{
//set value
dictKey = currentChar;
}
else if (!isDictVal && previousChar == ',' && currentChar != ',')
{
//start saving chars for dictionary value
dictVal = currentChar.ToString();
//set value
isDictVal = true;
}
else if (isDictVal && currentChar == ';')
{
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("dictKey: '" + dictKey.ToString() + "' dictVal: '" + dictVal + "'");
//add to dictionary
forDecoding.Add(dictKey, dictVal);
//re-initialize
dictVal = string.Empty;
//set value
isDictVal = false;
}
else if (isDictVal)
{
//append
dictVal += currentChar.ToString();
}
else if (!isDictVal && secondPreviousChar == ';' && previousChar == '/' && currentChar != ',')
{
if (!isNextCharEOF)
{
//set value
isNumberOfZeros = true;
numberOfZerosStr = currentChar.ToString();
}
else
{
//set value
numberOfZerosStr = currentChar.ToString();
numberOfAddedZeros = 0;
Int32.TryParse(numberOfZerosStr, out numberOfAddedZeros);
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(" numberOfAddedZeros: " + numberOfAddedZeros + System.Environment.NewLine);
//set value
isNumberOfZeros = false;
numberOfZerosStr = string.Empty;
}
}
else if (isNumberOfZeros && (isNextCharEOF || nextChar != ','))
{
//append
numberOfZerosStr += currentChar;
numberOfAddedZeros = 0;
Int32.TryParse(numberOfZerosStr, out numberOfAddedZeros);
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(" numberOfAddedZeros: " + numberOfAddedZeros + System.Environment.NewLine);
//set value
isNumberOfZeros = false;
numberOfZerosStr = string.Empty;
}
else if (isNumberOfZeros)
{
//append
numberOfZerosStr += currentChar;
}
//set value
secondPreviousChar = previousChar;
previousChar = currentChar;
fileLength += 1; //increment
}
}
}
Example data: c,1;/,00;t,01;/3
I want to calculate the summary of string in terms of number of alphabets, digits and special character in C#. For example:
String abc123$% should have summary like A3D3S2 (which means 3 Alphabet, 3 Digits and 2 Special character)
a34=$# should have summary like A1D2S3 (which means 1 Alphabet, 2 Digits and 3 Special character)
a3b$s should have summary like A1D1A1S1A1 (which means 1 Alphabet, 1 Digits,1 Alphabet, 1 Special character,1 Alphabet)
Can anyone guide me how can write an algorithm which can perform the above task in a quick way? as I think if I search the string character by character, then it will take considerable amount of time. and I have a large dataset of strings.
This works:
static string GetSummary(string input)
{
var sb = new StringBuilder();
string prevMode = "";
string curMode = "";
int sameModeCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i <= input.Length; ++i)
{
if (i < input.Length)
{
char c = input[i];
if ('a' <= c && c <= 'z' || 'A' <= c && c <= 'Z')
{
curMode = "A";
}
else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
{
curMode = "D";
}
else
{
curMode = "S";
}
}
else
{
curMode = "";
}
if (curMode != prevMode && prevMode != "")
{
sb.Append(prevMode);
sb.Append(sameModeCount);
sameModeCount = 0;
}
prevMode = curMode;
++sameModeCount;
}
return sb.ToString();
}
Test:
public static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine(GetSummary("abc123$%"));
Console.WriteLine(GetSummary("a34=$#"));
Console.WriteLine(GetSummary("a3b$s"));
}
Results:
A3D3S2
A1D2S3
A1D1A1S1A1
With Linq, you can do like this :
string myinput = "abc123$%";
int letter =0 , digit = 0, specialCharacter = 0;
myinput.ToCharArray().ToList().ForEach(x =>
{
letter = Char.IsLetter(x) ? ++letter : letter;
digit = Char.IsDigit(x) ? ++digit : digit;
specialCharacter = !Char.IsLetterOrDigit(x) ?
++specialCharacter : specialCharacter;
});
string formattedVal = String.Format("A{0}D{1}S{2}", letter, digit,
specialCharacter);
You can directly use array in Linq ForEach without converting to list by :
Array.ForEach(myinput.ToCharArray(), x =>
{
letter = Char.IsLetter(x) ? ++letter : letter;
digit = Char.IsDigit(x) ? ++digit : digit;
specialCharacter = !Char.IsLetterOrDigit(x) ? ++specialCharacter : specialCharacter;
});
string formattedVal = String.Format("A{0}D{1}S{2}", letter, digit, specialCharacter);
This should work:
string s = "a3b$s";
char etype = 'X'; //current character's type
char etypeinit = 'X'; //tracker variable - holds type of last character
string str = "";
int count = 1;
foreach(char c in s)
{
//Use this block of conditionals to assign type for current character
if(char.IsLetter(c))
{
etype = 'A';
}
else if(char.IsDigit(c))
{
etype = 'D';
}
else
{
etype = 'S';
}
//This is a different type of character compared to the previous one
if(etypeinit != etype)
{
str += string.Format("{0}{1}",etype,count); //Build the string
count = 1; //Reset count
}
else
{
count++; //Increment because this is the same type as previous one
}
etypeinit = etype; //Set tracker variable to type of current character
}
Console.WriteLine(str);
Little late and little complex but able to produces all expected output as per given inputs in the question, please take a look:
string inputString = "abc123$%ab12";
var results = inputString.Select(x => char.IsLetter(x) ? 'A' :
char.IsDigit(x) ? 'D' : 'S');
StringBuilder outPutBuilder = new StringBuilder();
char previousChar = results.First();
int charCount = 0;
foreach (var item in results)
{
switch (item)
{
case 'A':
if (previousChar == 'A')
{
charCount++;
}
else
{
outPutBuilder.Append(previousChar.ToString() + charCount);
charCount = 1;
}
break;
case 'D':
if (previousChar == 'D')
charCount++;
else
{
outPutBuilder.Append(previousChar.ToString() + charCount);
charCount = 1;
}
break;
default:
if (previousChar == 'S')
charCount++;
else
{
outPutBuilder.Append(previousChar.ToString() + charCount);
charCount = 1;
}
break;
}
previousChar = item;
}
outPutBuilder.Append(previousChar.ToString() + charCount);
Working example
Use a FOR loop to go through each character. If the character is in the range of a-z or A-Z then it is an alphabet. If in the range of 0-9 then it is a digit else special character.
Code
string inputStr = "a3b$s";
string outputStr = string.Empty;
char firstChar = Convert.ToChar(inputStr.Substring(0, 1));
outputStr = char.IsLetter(firstChar) ? "A1" : char.IsDigit(firstChar) ? "D1" : "S1";
for (int i = 1; i < inputStr.Length; i++)
{
char nextChar = char.IsLetter(inputStr[i]) ? 'A' :
char.IsDigit(inputStr[i]) ? 'D' : 'S';
char prevChar = Convert.ToChar(outputStr.Substring(outputStr.Length - 2, 1));
if (nextChar == prevChar)
{
int lastDig = Convert.ToInt32(outputStr.Substring(outputStr.Length - 1, 1));
outputStr = outputStr.Substring(0, outputStr.Length - 1) +
(lastDig + 1).ToString();
}
else
outputStr += nextChar.ToString() + "1";
}
Console.WriteLine(outputStr.ToString());
Output
A1D1A1S1A1
Find demo here
So let me start by saying that I'm a newbie with little to moderate knowledge about C#.
Coming to the topic: I need to make a program that is able to add/subtract very large integers. Initially, used BigInt only to find out it's not allowed. There should be a logical workaround for this? I have an idea which is using "elementary school method" where you add each digit starting from right to left.
I made a string which I split into char array and added each digit from right to left(GetUpperBound-i). But it doesn't seem to work.
My Code:
string s, s2;
char[] c_arr, c_arr2;
int i, erg;
s = "1234";
s2 = "5678";
c_arr = s.ToCharArray();
c_arr2 = s2.ToCharArray();
for (i = 0; i <= c_arr.GetUpperBound(0); i++)
{
erg = c_arr[c_arr.GetUpperBound(0)-i]+c_arr2[c_arr2.GetUpperBound(0)-i];
Console.Write(erg);
}
Console.ReadKey();
There are a few things wrong with your code for the 'elementary school method'. You don't account for carry, you're adding up ascii values rather than actual values between 0-9, and you're outputting the results in the wrong order.
The code below, whilst not very elegant, does produce the correct results:
var s1 = "12345";
var s2 = "5678";
var carry = false;
var result = String.Empty;
if(s1.Length != s2.Length)
{
var diff = Math.Abs(s1.Length - s2.Length);
if(s1.Length < s2.Length)
{
s1 = String.Join("", Enumerable.Repeat("0", diff)) + s1;
}
else
{
s2 = String.Join("", Enumerable.Repeat("0", diff)) + s2;
}
}
for(int i = s1.Length-1;i >= 0; i--)
{
var augend = Convert.ToInt32(s1.Substring(i,1));
var addend = Convert.ToInt32(s2.Substring(i,1));
var sum = augend + addend;
sum += (carry ? 1 : 0);
carry = false;
if(sum > 9)
{
carry = true;
sum -= 10;
}
result = sum.ToString() + result;
}
if(carry)
{
result = "1" + result;
}
Console.WriteLine(result);
The following program can be used to add two large numbers, I have used string builder to store the result. You can add numbers containing digits upto '2,147,483,647'.
Using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Linq;
public class Test
{
public static void Main()
{
string term1="15245142151235123512352362362352351236";
string term2="1522135123612646436143613461344";
StringBuilder sum=new StringBuilder();
int n1=term1.Length;
int n2=term2.Length;
int carry=0;
int n=(n1>n2)?n1:n2;
if(n1>n2)
term2=term2.PadLeft(n1,'0');
else
term1=term1.PadLeft(n2,'0');
for(int i=n-1;i>=0;i--)
{
int value=(carry+term1[i]-48+term2[i]-48)%10;
sum.Append(value);
carry=(carry+term1[i]-48+term2[i]-48)/10;
}
char[] c=sum.ToString().ToCharArray();
Array.Reverse(c);
Console.WriteLine(c);
}
}
string Add(string s1, string s2)
{
bool carry = false;
string result = string.Empty;
if(s1[0] != '-' && s2[0] != '-')
{
if (s1.Length < s2.Length)
s1 = s1.PadLeft(s2.Length, '0');
if(s2.Length < s1.Length)
s2 = s2.PadLeft(s1.Length, '0');
for(int i = s1.Length-1; i >= 0; i--)
{
var augend = Convert.ToInt64(s1.Substring(i,1));
var addend = Convert.ToInt64(s2.Substring(i,1));
var sum = augend + addend;
sum += (carry ? 1 : 0);
carry = false;
if(sum > 9)
{
carry = true;
sum -= 10;
}
result = sum.ToString() + result;
}
if(carry)
{
result = "1" + result;
}
}
else if(s1[0] == '-' || s2[0] == '-')
{
long sum = 0;
if(s2[0] == '-')
{
//Removing negative sign
char[] MyChar = {'-'};
string NewString = s2.TrimStart(MyChar);
s2 = NewString;
if(s2.Length < s1.Length)
s2 = s2.PadLeft(s1.Length, '0');
for (int i = s1.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
var augend = Convert.ToInt64(s1.Substring(i,1));
var addend = Convert.ToInt64(s2.Substring(i,1));
if(augend >= addend)
{
sum = augend - addend;
}
else
{
int temp = i - 1;
long numberNext = Convert.ToInt64(s1.Substring(temp,1));
//if number before is 0
while(numberNext == 0)
{
temp--;
numberNext = Convert.ToInt64(s1.Substring(temp,1));
}
//taking one from the neighbor number
int a = int.Parse(s1[temp].ToString());
a--;
StringBuilder tempString = new StringBuilder(s1);
string aString = a.ToString();
tempString[temp] = Convert.ToChar(aString);
s1 = tempString.ToString();
while(temp < i)
{
temp++;
StringBuilder copyS1 = new StringBuilder(s1);
string nine = "9";
tempString[temp] = Convert.ToChar(nine);
s1 = tempString.ToString();
}
augend += 10;
sum = augend - addend;
}
result = sum.ToString() + result;
}
//Removing the zero infront of the answer
char[] zeroChar = {'0'};
string tempResult = result.TrimStart(zeroChar);
result = tempResult;
}
}
return result;
}
string Multiply(string s1, string s2)
{
string result = string.Empty;
//For multipication
bool Negative = false;
if(s1[0] == '-' && s2[0] == '-')
Negative = false;
else if(s1[0] == '-' || s2[0] == '-')
Negative = true;
char[] minusChar = {'-'};
string NewString;
NewString = s2.TrimStart(minusChar);
s2 = NewString;
NewString = s1.TrimStart(minusChar);
s1 = NewString;
List<string> resultList = new List<string>();
for(int i = s2.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
string multiplycation = string.Empty;
for (int j = s1.Length - 1; j >= 0; j--)
{
var augend = Convert.ToInt64(s1.Substring(j,1));
var addend = Convert.ToInt64(s2.Substring(i,1));
long multiply = augend * addend;
// print(multiply);
multiplycation = multiply.ToString() + multiplycation;
}
//Adding zero at the end of the multiplication
for (int k = s2.Length - 1 - i; k > 0; k--)
{
multiplycation += "0";
}
resultList.Add(multiplycation);
}
for (int i = 1; i < resultList.Count; i++)
{
resultList[0] = Add(resultList[0],resultList[i]);
}
//Finally assigning if negative negative sign in front of the number
if(Negative)
result = resultList[0].Insert(0,"-");
else
result = resultList[0];
return result;
}
string Divide(string dividend, string divisor)
{
string result = string.Empty;
int remainder = 0;
int intNumberstoGet = divisor.Length;
int currentInt = 0;
int dividing = int.Parse(dividend.Substring(currentInt,intNumberstoGet));
int intDivisor = int.Parse(divisor);
while(currentInt < dividend.Length)
{
if(dividing == 0)
{
currentInt++;
result += "0";
}
else
{
while(dividing < intDivisor)
{
intNumberstoGet++;
dividing = int.Parse(dividend.Substring(currentInt,intNumberstoGet));
}
if (dividing > 0)
{
remainder = dividing % intDivisor;
result += ((dividing - remainder) / intDivisor).ToString();
intNumberstoGet = 1;
if(currentInt < dividend.Length - 2)
currentInt += 2;
else
currentInt++;
if(currentInt != dividend.Length)
{
dividing = int.Parse(dividend.Substring(currentInt,intNumberstoGet));
remainder *= 10;
dividing += remainder;
}
}
}
}
return result;
}
Here you go. Another example. It's 10 to 30 times faster than the accepted answer.
static string AddNumStr(string v1, string v2)
{
var v1Len = v1.Length;
var v2Len = v2.Length;
var count = Math.Max(v1Len, v2Len);
var answ = new char[count + 1];
while (count >= 0) answ[count--] = (char)((v1Len > 0 ? v1[--v1Len] & 0xF:0) + (v2Len>0 ? v2[--v2Len]&0xF : 0));
for (var i = answ.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (answ[i] > 9)
{
answ[i - 1]++;
answ[i] -= (char)10;
}
answ[i] = (char)(answ[i] | 48);
}
return new string(answ).TrimStart('0');
}
Below SO question has some interesting approaches. Though the answer is in Java, but you will surely get to know what needs to be done.
How to handle very large numbers in Java without using java.math.BigInteger
public static int[] addTwoNumbers(string s1, string s2)
{
char[] num1 = s1.ToCharArray();
char[] num2 = s2.ToCharArray();
int sum = 0;
int carry = 0;
int size = (s1.Length > s2.Length) ? s1.Length + 1 : s2.Length + 1;
int[] result = new int[size];
int index = size - 1;
int num1index = num1.Length - 1;
int num2index = num2.Length - 1;
while (true)
{
if (num1index >= 0 && num2index >= 0)
{
sum = (num1[num1index]-'0') + (num2[num2index]-'0') + carry;
}
else if(num1index< 0 && num2index >= 0)
{
sum = (num2[num2index]-'0') + carry;
}
else if (num1index >= 0 && num2index < 0)
{
sum = (num1[num1index]-'0') + carry;
}
else { break; }
carry = sum /10;
result[index] = sum % 10;
index--;
num1index--;
num2index--;
}
if(carry>0)
{
result[index] = carry;
}
return result;
}
There is an error with that string.compiler thingy and i dont know what to do. i really need some help please
char[] valWord = new char[100];
Console.WriteLine(textBox1.Text);
valWord = textBox1.Text;
int beg = 0;
int val = 0;
int value = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
if (valWord[i] == ' ' || valWord[i] == '\0')
{
char[] temp = new char[100];
for (int j = 0; j < i - beg; j++)
{
temp[j] = valWord[beg + j];
}
temp[i - beg] = '\0';
//there is an error in this if statement: String.Compare
if (String.Compare(temp, "thousand") == 0)
{
value += (val*1000);
val = 0;
}
else if (String.Compare(temp, "hundred") == 0)
{
value += (val*100);
val = 0;
}
else if (String.Compare(temp, "one") == 0)
{
val = 1;
}
else if (String.Compare(temp, "two") == 0)
{
val = 2;
}
if (valWord[i] == '\0')
{
value += val;
break;
}
}
Console.WriteLine(textBox2.Text);
}
else
{
_list.Add(name, new GenericList());
}
You can't compare a string to a char array. They are different types.
Use if (string.Equals(new string(temp),"thousand")) instead.
As per MSDN, there is no such function overload defined for String.Compare
How to convert an integer number into its binary representation?
I'm using this code:
String input = "8";
String output = Convert.ToInt32(input, 2).ToString();
But it throws an exception:
Could not find any parsable digits
Your example has an integer expressed as a string. Let's say your integer was actually an integer, and you want to take the integer and convert it to a binary string.
int value = 8;
string binary = Convert.ToString(value, 2);
Which returns 1000.
Convert from any classic base to any base in C#
string number = "100";
int fromBase = 16;
int toBase = 10;
string result = Convert.ToString(Convert.ToInt32(number, fromBase), toBase);
// result == "256"
Supported bases are 2, 8, 10 and 16
Very Simple with no extra code, just input, conversion and output.
using System;
namespace _01.Decimal_to_Binary
{
class DecimalToBinary
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.Write("Decimal: ");
int decimalNumber = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
int remainder;
string result = string.Empty;
while (decimalNumber > 0)
{
remainder = decimalNumber % 2;
decimalNumber /= 2;
result = remainder.ToString() + result;
}
Console.WriteLine("Binary: {0}",result);
}
}
}
http://zamirsblog.blogspot.com/2011/10/convert-decimal-to-binary-in-c.html
public string DecimalToBinary(string data)
{
string result = string.Empty;
int rem = 0;
try
{
if (!IsNumeric(data))
error = "Invalid Value - This is not a numeric value";
else
{
int num = int.Parse(data);
while (num > 0)
{
rem = num % 2;
num = num / 2;
result = rem.ToString() + result;
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
error = ex.Message;
}
return result;
}
primitive way:
public string ToBinary(int n)
{
if (n < 2) return n.ToString();
var divisor = n / 2;
var remainder = n % 2;
return ToBinary(divisor) + remainder;
}
Another alternative but also inline solution using Enumerable and LINQ is:
int number = 25;
string binary = Enumerable.Range(0, (int)Math.Log(number, 2) + 1).Aggregate(string.Empty, (collected, bitshifts) => ((number >> bitshifts) & 1 ) + collected);
Convert.ToInt32(string, base) does not do base conversion into your base. It assumes that the string contains a valid number in the indicated base, and converts to base 10.
So you're getting an error because "8" is not a valid digit in base 2.
String str = "1111";
String Ans = Convert.ToInt32(str, 2).ToString();
Will show 15 (1111 base 2 = 15 base 10)
String str = "f000";
String Ans = Convert.ToInt32(str, 16).ToString();
Will show 61440.
static void convertToBinary(int n)
{
Stack<int> stack = new Stack<int>();
stack.Push(n);
// step 1 : Push the element on the stack
while (n > 1)
{
n = n / 2;
stack.Push(n);
}
// step 2 : Pop the element and print the value
foreach(var val in stack)
{
Console.Write(val % 2);
}
}
I know this answer would look similar to most of the answers already here, but I noticed just about none of them uses a for-loop. This code works, and can be considered simple, in the sense it will work without any special functions, like a ToString() with parameters, and is not too long as well. Maybe some prefer for-loops instead of just while-loop, this may be suitable for them.
public static string ByteConvert (int num)
{
int[] p = new int[8];
string pa = "";
for (int ii = 0; ii<= 7;ii = ii +1)
{
p[7-ii] = num%2;
num = num/2;
}
for (int ii = 0;ii <= 7; ii = ii + 1)
{
pa += p[ii].ToString();
}
return pa;
}
using System;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args) {
try {
int i = (int) Convert.ToInt64(args[0]);
Console.WriteLine("\n{0} converted to Binary is {1}\n", i, ToBinary(i));
} catch(Exception e) {
Console.WriteLine("\n{0}\n", e.Message);
}
}
public static string ToBinary(Int64 Decimal) {
// Declare a few variables we're going to need
Int64 BinaryHolder;
char[] BinaryArray;
string BinaryResult = "";
while (Decimal > 0) {
BinaryHolder = Decimal % 2;
BinaryResult += BinaryHolder;
Decimal = Decimal / 2;
}
BinaryArray = BinaryResult.ToCharArray();
Array.Reverse(BinaryArray);
BinaryResult = new string(BinaryArray);
return BinaryResult;
}
}
This function will convert integer to binary in C#:
public static string ToBinary(int N)
{
int d = N;
int q = -1;
int r = -1;
string binNumber = string.Empty;
while (q != 1)
{
r = d % 2;
q = d / 2;
d = q;
binNumber = r.ToString() + binNumber;
}
binNumber = q.ToString() + binNumber;
return binNumber;
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var #decimal = 42;
var binaryVal = ToBinary(#decimal, 2);
var binary = "101010";
var decimalVal = ToDecimal(binary, 2);
Console.WriteLine("Binary value of decimal {0} is '{1}'", #decimal, binaryVal);
Console.WriteLine("Decimal value of binary '{0}' is {1}", binary, decimalVal);
Console.WriteLine();
#decimal = 6;
binaryVal = ToBinary(#decimal, 3);
binary = "20";
decimalVal = ToDecimal(binary, 3);
Console.WriteLine("Base3 value of decimal {0} is '{1}'", #decimal, binaryVal);
Console.WriteLine("Decimal value of base3 '{0}' is {1}", binary, decimalVal);
Console.WriteLine();
#decimal = 47;
binaryVal = ToBinary(#decimal, 4);
binary = "233";
decimalVal = ToDecimal(binary, 4);
Console.WriteLine("Base4 value of decimal {0} is '{1}'", #decimal, binaryVal);
Console.WriteLine("Decimal value of base4 '{0}' is {1}", binary, decimalVal);
Console.WriteLine();
#decimal = 99;
binaryVal = ToBinary(#decimal, 5);
binary = "344";
decimalVal = ToDecimal(binary, 5);
Console.WriteLine("Base5 value of decimal {0} is '{1}'", #decimal, binaryVal);
Console.WriteLine("Decimal value of base5 '{0}' is {1}", binary, decimalVal);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("And so forth.. excluding after base 10 (decimal) though :)");
Console.WriteLine();
#decimal = 16;
binaryVal = ToBinary(#decimal, 11);
binary = "b";
decimalVal = ToDecimal(binary, 11);
Console.WriteLine("Hexidecimal value of decimal {0} is '{1}'", #decimal, binaryVal);
Console.WriteLine("Decimal value of Hexidecimal '{0}' is {1}", binary, decimalVal);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Uh oh.. this aint right :( ... but let's cheat :P");
Console.WriteLine();
#decimal = 11;
binaryVal = Convert.ToString(#decimal, 16);
binary = "b";
decimalVal = Convert.ToInt32(binary, 16);
Console.WriteLine("Hexidecimal value of decimal {0} is '{1}'", #decimal, binaryVal);
Console.WriteLine("Decimal value of Hexidecimal '{0}' is {1}", binary, decimalVal);
Console.ReadLine();
}
static string ToBinary(decimal number, int #base)
{
var round = 0;
var reverseBinary = string.Empty;
while (number > 0)
{
var remainder = number % #base;
reverseBinary += remainder;
round = (int)(number / #base);
number = round;
}
var binaryArray = reverseBinary.ToCharArray();
Array.Reverse(binaryArray);
var binary = new string(binaryArray);
return binary;
}
static double ToDecimal(string binary, int #base)
{
var val = 0d;
if (!binary.All(char.IsNumber))
return 0d;
for (int i = 0; i < binary.Length; i++)
{
var #char = Convert.ToDouble(binary[i].ToString());
var pow = (binary.Length - 1) - i;
val += Math.Pow(#base, pow) * #char;
}
return val;
}
}
Learning sources:
Everything you need to know about binary
including algorithm to convert decimal to binary
class Program{
static void Main(string[] args){
try{
int i = (int)Convert.ToInt64(args[0]);
Console.WriteLine("\n{0} converted to Binary is {1}\n",i,ToBinary(i));
}catch(Exception e){
Console.WriteLine("\n{0}\n",e.Message);
}
}//end Main
public static string ToBinary(Int64 Decimal)
{
// Declare a few variables we're going to need
Int64 BinaryHolder;
char[] BinaryArray;
string BinaryResult = "";
while (Decimal > 0)
{
BinaryHolder = Decimal % 2;
BinaryResult += BinaryHolder;
Decimal = Decimal / 2;
}
// The algoritm gives us the binary number in reverse order (mirrored)
// We store it in an array so that we can reverse it back to normal
BinaryArray = BinaryResult.ToCharArray();
Array.Reverse(BinaryArray);
BinaryResult = new string(BinaryArray);
return BinaryResult;
}
}//end class Program
BCL provided Convert.ToString(n, 2) is good, but in case you need an alternate implementation which is few ticks faster than BCL provided one.
Following custom implementation works for all integers(-ve and +ve).
Original source taken from https://davidsekar.com/algorithms/csharp-program-to-convert-decimal-to-binary
static string ToBinary(int n)
{
int j = 0;
char[] output = new char[32];
if (n == 0)
output[j++] = '0';
else
{
int checkBit = 1 << 30;
bool skipInitialZeros = true;
// Check the sign bit separately, as 1<<31 will cause
// +ve integer overflow
if ((n & int.MinValue) == int.MinValue)
{
output[j++] = '1';
skipInitialZeros = false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 31; i++, checkBit >>= 1)
{
if ((n & checkBit) == 0)
{
if (skipInitialZeros)
continue;
else
output[j++] = '0';
}
else
{
skipInitialZeros = false;
output[j++] = '1';
}
}
}
return new string(output, 0, j);
}
Above code is my implementation. So, I'm eager to hear any feedback :)
// I use this function
public static string ToBinary(long number)
{
string digit = Convert.ToString(number % 2);
if (number >= 2)
{
long remaining = number / 2;
string remainingString = ToBinary(remaining);
return remainingString + digit;
}
return digit;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter number for converting to binary numerical system!");
int num = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
int[] arr = new int[16];
//for positive integers
if (num > 0)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
{
if (num > 0)
{
if ((num % 2) == 0)
{
num = num / 2;
arr[16 - (i + 1)] = 0;
}
else if ((num % 2) != 0)
{
num = num / 2;
arr[16 - (i + 1)] = 1;
}
}
}
for (int y = 0; y < 16; y++)
{
Console.Write(arr[y]);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
//for negative integers
else if (num < 0)
{
num = (num + 1) * -1;
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
{
if (num > 0)
{
if ((num % 2) == 0)
{
num = num / 2;
arr[16 - (i + 1)] = 0;
}
else if ((num % 2) != 0)
{
num = num / 2;
arr[16 - (i + 1)] = 1;
}
}
}
for (int y = 0; y < 16; y++)
{
if (arr[y] != 0)
{
arr[y] = 0;
}
else
{
arr[y] = 1;
}
Console.Write(arr[y]);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
This might be helpful if you want a concise function that you can call from your main method, inside your class. You may still need to call int.Parse(toBinary(someint)) if you require a number instead of a string but I find this method work pretty well. Additionally, this can be adjusted to use a for loop instead of a do-while if you'd prefer.
public static string toBinary(int base10)
{
string binary = "";
do {
binary = (base10 % 2) + binary;
base10 /= 2;
}
while (base10 > 0);
return binary;
}
toBinary(10) returns the string "1010".
I came across this problem in a coding challenge where you have to convert 32 digit decimal to binary and find the possible combination of the substring.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Numerics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ConsoleApp2
{
class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
int numberofinputs = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
List<BigInteger> inputdecimal = new List<BigInteger>();
List<string> outputBinary = new List<string>();
for (int i = 0; i < numberofinputs; i++)
{
inputdecimal.Add(BigInteger.Parse(Console.ReadLine(), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
}
//processing begins
foreach (var n in inputdecimal)
{
string binary = (binaryconveter(n));
subString(binary, binary.Length);
}
foreach (var item in outputBinary)
{
Console.WriteLine(item);
}
string binaryconveter(BigInteger n)
{
int i;
StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
for (i = 0; n > 0; i++)
{
output = output.Append(n % 2);
n = n / 2;
}
return output.ToString();
}
void subString(string str, int n)
{
int zeroodds = 0;
int oneodds = 0;
for (int len = 1; len <= n; len++)
{
for (int i = 0; i <= n - len; i++)
{
int j = i + len - 1;
string substring = "";
for (int k = i; k <= j; k++)
{
substring = String.Concat(substring, str[k]);
}
var resultofstringanalysis = stringanalysis(substring);
if (resultofstringanalysis.Equals("both are odd"))
{
++zeroodds;
++oneodds;
}
else if (resultofstringanalysis.Equals("zeroes are odd"))
{
++zeroodds;
}
else if (resultofstringanalysis.Equals("ones are odd"))
{
++oneodds;
}
}
}
string outputtest = String.Concat(zeroodds.ToString(), ' ', oneodds.ToString());
outputBinary.Add(outputtest);
}
string stringanalysis(string str)
{
int n = str.Length;
int nofZeros = 0;
int nofOnes = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
if (str[i] == '0')
{
++nofZeros;
}
if (str[i] == '1')
{
++nofOnes;
}
}
if ((nofZeros != 0 && nofZeros % 2 != 0) && (nofOnes != 0 && nofOnes % 2 != 0))
{
return "both are odd";
}
else if (nofZeros != 0 && nofZeros % 2 != 0)
{
return "zeroes are odd";
}
else if (nofOnes != 0 && nofOnes % 2 != 0)
{
return "ones are odd";
}
else
{
return "nothing";
}
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
int x=550;
string s=" ";
string y=" ";
while (x>0)
{
s += x%2;
x=x/2;
}
Console.WriteLine(Reverse(s));
}
public static string Reverse( string s )
{
char[] charArray = s.ToCharArray();
Array.Reverse( charArray );
return new string( charArray );
}
This was a interesting read i was looking for a quick copy paste.
I knew i had done this before long ago with bitmath differently.
Here was my take on it.
// i had this as a extension method in a static class (this int inValue);
public static string ToBinaryString(int inValue)
{
string result = "";
for (int bitIndexToTest = 0; bitIndexToTest < 32; bitIndexToTest++)
result += ((inValue & (1 << (bitIndexToTest))) > 0) ? '1' : '0';
return result;
}
You could stick spacing in there with a bit of modulos in the loop.
// little bit of spacing
if (((bitIndexToTest + 1) % spaceEvery) == 0)
result += ' ';
You could probably use or pass in a stringbuilder and append or index directly to avoid deallocations and also get around the use of += this way;
var b = Convert.ToString(i,2).PadLeft(32,'0').ToCharArray().Reverse().ToArray();
Just one line for 8 bit
Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToString(n, 2).PadLeft(8, '0'));
where n is the number