I'm working on a WPF GUI, and I want the window to auto-size to the content, but not to everything: I have some various buttons & other controls, and I want to autosize the width to that. If I add a long item to the list box, I want the window to stay the same size.
Example code:
<Window x:Class="QuickieWPF.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight" ResizeMode="CanMinimize">
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition/>
<RowDefinition/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Button Width="100" Content="Foo" Click="Button_Click"/>
<Button Width="100" Content="Bar" Click="Button_Click"/>
<Button Width="100" Content="Baz" Click="Button_Click"/>
</StackPanel>
<ListBox Grid.Row="1" Name="TheList" Height="100"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
string str = "This is a really long text item that will be wider than the " +
"three buttons. I want a horizontal scrollbar on the listbox, not a wider " +
"window. I want the window to size to the buttons, not to this listbox.";
this.TheList.Items.Add(str);
}
}
Initially, the window is sized to the buttons:
After adding a long item to the list box, I currently get this:
But I'd rather get this:
(I did that last screenshot by setting MaxWidth on the list box, but that isn't a good solution for the full application: In the full application, it's more than just three buttons; it's buttons, icons, textboxes, labels, etc, and I want the window to autosize to the whole mess, but not to the listbox at the bottom.)
You can bind width of content you do not want to autosize to the actual width of content you do, for example:
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" x:Name="panel">
<Button Width="100"
Content="Foo"
Click="Button_Click" />
<Button Width="100"
Content="Bar"
Click="Button_Click" />
<Button Width="100"
Content="Baz"
Click="Button_Click" />
</StackPanel>
<ListBox Grid.Row="1"
Name="TheList"
Height="100" Width="{Binding ElementName=panel, Path=ActualWidth}" />
</Grid>
Here I bound width of ListBox to the actual width of panel with buttons, which in this case achieves what you want.
You have to limit the width of the ListBox, else the parent window would just resize with whichever the control that take the most space due to SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight".
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Button Width="100" Content="Foo" Click="Button_Click"/>
<Button Width="100" Content="Bar" Click="Button_Click"/>
<Button Width="100" Content="Baz" Click="Button_Click"/>
</StackPanel>
<!-- set the width to 300 -->
<ListBox Grid.Row="1" Name="TheList" Height="100" Width="300" />
Give your stackPanel a name, e.g.
<StackPanel Name="MyPanel" Orientation="Horizontal">
Then in BOTH your list box and window properties add this;
Width="{Binding ElementName=MyPanel, Path=ActualWidth}"
You will need to include horizontal scrolling in your listbox.
Related
I am building a WPF MVVM application.
What I have:
I have a ShellWindow which looks like this:
It is composed by 2 rows:
1: the hamburger menu (not important) with Height="*"
2: the console with Height="100"
The console is a UserControl:
<UserControl
//namespaces>
<Grid Name="LoggingGrid" Background="Black">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Margin="{StaticResource SmallLeftMargin}">
<Button
x:Name="CollapseBtn"
Width="25"
Height="25"
Click="CollapseBtn_Click"
Content="▲">
<Button.Template>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
<Grid>
<Ellipse Fill="White" />
<ContentPresenter
HorizontalAlignment="Center"
VerticalAlignment="Center"
Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" />
</Grid>
</ControlTemplate>
</Button.Template>
</Button>
<StackPanel Margin="5,0,0,0" Orientation="Horizontal">
<Image
Height="25"
Source="/Images/console-icon.png"
Visibility="Visible" />
<Label
Content="Console"
FontSize="16"
Foreground="White" />
</StackPanel>
</TextBlock>
<Border Grid.Row="1">
<ListView
x:Name="LoggingList"
Margin="5"
Background="Black"
BorderThickness="0"
Foreground="White"
ItemsSource="{Binding Logs, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"
ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled"
ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" />
</Border>
</Grid>
</UserControl>
I have omitted the non-important things.
What I want to do:
Whenever the user clicks on the button, the console should collapse and look something like this:
The arrow is also changed.
How can I implement this? What is the best approach using MVVM?
What I have tried:
I have tried using a button click event handler in the code behind - CollapseBtn_Click, just to see what will happen:
private void CollapseBtn_Click(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs e)
{
LoggingGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Hidden;
}
Apparently it removes the user control and leaves a white background where it used to be.
Instead of setting the Visibility of the whole LoggingGrid to Hidden, you should set the Visibility of the LoggingList to Collapsed. (For the difference between Hidden and Collapsed, see here: Difference between Visibility.Collapsed and Visibility.Hidden).
Depending on your layout in the ShellWindow you probably have to adjust your row height configuration in the UserControl such that the collapsed LoggingGrid leads to a row with a height of zero.
Regarding MVVM the best approach would be to bind the Button to a bool property ConsoleVisible on your ViewModel such that clicking the button toggles the property between true and false. The styling of the button can be bound to the same property. For the LoggingList Visibility you could use a Binding with a BooleanToVisibilityConverter on the same property.
In a WPF project, I have a ListBox that renders correctly if I manually insert items in XAML, e.g.:
<ListBoxItem>
<Grid Background="#7F271043" Width="200" Height="200">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="110" />
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Image Grid.Row="0" Source="Logo-40p.png" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="10,10,10,10" />
<TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Text="Test Item" Foreground="White" Margin="10,0,10,0" FontSize="16" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
<local:Rating Grid.Row="2" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="24" Margin="10,0,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="130" SelectedValue="4" IsReadOnly="True" />
<TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Text="Free" Foreground="#FF969292" Margin="0,0,10,0" FontSize="14" HorizontalAlignment="Right" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
</Grid>
</ListBoxItem>
The bottom of the ListBoxItem looks like:
However, the moment I swap out <ListBoxItem> for:
<ListBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
Even if I keep everything else identical, it creates a sizing problem with my rating control that I'm unable to fix (doesn't respond to manual size or stretch settings):
Any thoughts on how to address this? Do ItemTemplate / DataTemplate do something that might cause a control to not respect the size manually set or set by the grid row it's in?
Managed to fix this - it seems that a manually defined ListBoxItem in XAML behaves differently from the output of an ItemTemplate / DataTemplate.
My rating user control had a set height and width specified that were overridden by the implementation XAML (height/width/stretch) inside a ListBoxItem but not inside a ItemTemplate / DataTemplate:
mc:Ignorable="d" Height="750" Width="4070" MouseLeave="UserControl_MouseLeave">
So I instead changed Height / Width to DesignHeight / DesignWidth to fix the issue:
mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="750" d:DesignWidth="4070" MouseLeave="UserControl_MouseLeave">
I'm using ComputedHorizontalScrollBarVisibility but this doesn't work when you set the HorizontalScrollBarVisibility to "Hidden".
What I'm trying to achieve is knowing if a ScrollViewer should be visible but without showing the ScrollViewer. Then bind that result to show the buttons that control the ScrollViewer (in this case the `StackPanel below).
XAML
<ScrollViewer HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" x:Name="Scroll">
.....
</ScrollViewer>
<StackPanel Visibility="{Binding ElementName=Scroll, Path=ComputedHorizontalScrollBarVisibility}">
<Button Grid.Column="0" Content="Left" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Click="..."/>
<Button Grid.Column="1" Content="Right" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Click="..."/>
</StackPanel >
If you need to control the way the ScrollViewer (or any control, really) is laid out, consider using a ControlTemplate, which is accesible in any Control's Template property. as this will allow you to bind to the object itself and values passed in to it, and provide such templating. This may, however, involve needing to deal with the computations to show the exact part of your control which is visible.
You can get what you want by simple adding up the width of content elements inside ScrollViewer, e.g. if you have a StackPanel (with Orientation=Horizontal) inside ScrollViewer then add up the width of each child element in the StackPanel and compare it with ActualWidth of ScrollViewer. if the sum is less greater than the ActualWidth of ScrollViewer then you need to scroll it.
For more details refer this link
In my experience, the scroll viewer property values can be stale until the next layout pass. It's code-behind in my simple example below but this does work the way you want.
I create a dependency property called "ShowScrollButtons". You can probably watch for extent and viewport size changes and automatically recompute the property.
When the scroll content size changes, I trigger a re-evaluate of ShowScrollButtons. Note the call to UpdateLayout to make sure the extent and viewport sizes are up-to-date. Again, it's a sample so I'm only checking the Width here for left/right scroll buttons
private void UpdateScrollButtonVis()
{
UpdateLayout();
ShowScrollButtons = (Scroll.ExtentHeight > Scroll.ViewportWidth);
}
In XAML...
<Window.Resources>
<BooleanToVisibilityConverter x:Key="boolvis"/>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid x:Name="theGrid">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="*"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<ScrollViewer Grid.Row="0" Width="100" Height="100" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden" x:Name="Scroll">
<Canvas x:Name="theCanvas" Width="300" Height="300" Background="Green"/>
</ScrollViewer>
<StackPanel Grid.Row="1" Visibility="{Binding ShowScrollButtons,Converter={StaticResource boolvis}}">
<Button Grid.Column="0" Content="Left" HorizontalAlignment="Left" />
<Button Grid.Column="1" Content="Right" HorizontalAlignment="Right" />
</StackPanel >
<Button x:Name="toggle" Grid.Row="2" Height="25" Width="100" Click="toggle_Click">Toggle</Button>
</Grid>
Update:
How about a new approach works with multiple scroll viewers and StackPanels without code-behind.
Use an Attached Property to control the external button visibility:
public class ScrollViewWatcher
{
public static readonly DependencyProperty HorizontalButtonVisibility = DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached(
"HorizontalButtonVisibility",
typeof(Visibility),
typeof(ScrollViewWatcher),
new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(Visibility.Visible,
FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsRender | FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsArrange | FrameworkPropertyMetadataOptions.AffectsMeasure)
);
public static Visibility GetHorizontalButtonVisiblity(UIElement element)
{
return (Visibility)element.GetValue(HorizontalButtonVisibility);
}
public static void SetHorizontalButtonVisibility(UIElement element, Visibility value)
{
element.SetValue(HorizontalButtonVisibility, value);
ScrollViewer sv = element as ScrollViewer;
if (sv != null)
{
sv.ScrollChanged -= sv_ScrollChanged;
sv.ScrollChanged += sv_ScrollChanged;
}
}
static void sv_ScrollChanged(object sender, ScrollChangedEventArgs e)
{
var sv = sender as ScrollViewer;
if (sv != null)
{
var vis = sv.ExtentHeight > sv.ViewportWidth ? Visibility.Visible : Visibility.Hidden;
sv.SetValue(HorizontalButtonVisibility, vis);
}
}
}
Then in XAML, bind to the appropriate ScrollViewer like this:
<ScrollViewer
x:Name="sv1" local:ScrollViewWatcher.HorizontalButtonVisibility="Visible"
Grid.Row="0" Width="100" Height="100" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden" >
<Canvas x:Name="theCanvas" Width="300" Height="300" Background="Green"/>
</ScrollViewer>
<StackPanel Grid.Row="1" Visibility="{Binding ElementName=sv1,Path=(local:ScrollViewWatcher.HorizontalButtonVisibility), Mode=OneWay}">
<Button Grid.Column="0" Content="Left" HorizontalAlignment="Left" />
<Button Grid.Column="1" Content="Right" HorizontalAlignment="Right" />
</StackPanel >
This works great in my test. This was a fun challenge. Maybe someone can enlighten us with a better approach but I'm pretty happy with this.
Thank you all for the answers but finally got a workaround a bit easier, instead of binding the visibility from the StackPanel of the buttons just call a ScrollChanged in the ScrollViewer and then in code check for the ComputedHorizontalScrollBarVisibility and change visibilities depending on the result.
XAML
<ScrollViewer HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" x:Name="Scroll" ScrollChanged="Scroll_ScrollChanged">
.....
</ScrollViewer>
<StackPanel x:Name="BPanel" Visibility="Hidden">
<Button Grid.Column="0" Content="Left" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Click="..."/>
<Button Grid.Column="1" Content="Right" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Click="..."/>
</StackPanel >
C#
private void Scroll_ScrollChanged(object sender, ScrollChangedEventArgs e)
{
ScrollViewer scroll = (ScrollViewer)sender;
if(scroll.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility == ScrollBarVisibility.Auto)
{
if (scroll.ComputedHorizontalScrollBarVisibility == Visibility.Visible)
{
scroll.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility = ScrollBarVisibility.Hidden;
BPanel.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
}
}
}
NOTE: This is one of the first time I'm using WPF.
I am trying to align a certain control, let's say a button for now, in the bottom right corner. But when I debug my application, it misses 8 pixels to the bottom and right. I will attach 2 pictures to show you what happens.
How do I keep the button in place?
My XAML code:
<Window x:Class="Plugin_Manager.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="Plugin Manager" Height="350" Width="525" Loaded="Window_Loaded_1">
<Grid x:Name="GridMain">
<Button Content="Refresh" Margin="432,288,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="75"/>
<ListView HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="273" Margin="10,10,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="497">
<ListView.View>
<GridView>
<GridViewColumn/>
</GridView>
</ListView.View>
</ListView>
</Grid>
If you choose to use Grid layout you should try to avoid placing objects via Margin. Margin should be used to create buffer around an object, not move it to a specific point in the window. Use the layout manager's power to your advantage!
Here is a Grid example that does what you are looking for.
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<ListView Grid.Row="0" />
<Button Grid.Row="1" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Content="Push Me" />
</Grid>
I would also read up on Layout Manager in WPF. There are several; each having its own advantages & disadvantages.
Here is a DockPanel version.
<DockPanel>
<Button DockPanel.Dock="Bottom" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Content="Push Me" />
<ListView />
</DockPanel>
To create your buffer between the button and the window chrome you could do a few different things:
<Grid Margin="10"> will apply a 10 pixel space between all content and the window chrome on all side.
<Grid Margin="0,0,10,10"> would indent all content, but only on the right & bottom.
<Grid Margin="10,0,10,10"> indents all around, except the top (I commonly do this one, with a different margin value).
<Button Margin="0,0,10,10"> would indent only the button from the chrome (this is the direct answer to your comment question).
Replace the Grid above with DockPanel for the second example, or whatever other Layout Manager you are using.
A usability side note: Your confirmation buttons (I'm assuming your button will be an Ok/Cancel type button) should not be indented differently from the rest of your content. All controls that butt up against the right margin should do so at the same point (i.e., you can draw a vertical line down the right side of them all).
So, using your question's example: your button should not be indented 10 pixels to the right while your list box is not. Keeping things lined up will improve the overall look to your application.
(this ends my "usability and look-and-feel is important" side note) :)
<Button VerticalAlignment="Bottom" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Margin="5"/>
Some code example will help. Try using the alignment in xaml for your button as shown below. Ensure that the margins on the button are 0.
<Button Margin="0" HorizontalAlignment="Right" VerticalAlignment="Bottom"/>
Looking at the sample code, it is your margins and the alignment you have that are probably causing that.
Just some pointers that may help. Instead of using large margins to align the controls, I find it much easier to work with Column and Row definitions on the grid. This way you can align your controls using the grid and they will size properly as you resize your window. I attached an example in hopes it helps in your new adventures with WPF!
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="150"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="150"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition/>
<RowDefinition/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<TextBlock Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="0" Text="Version Date" Margin="3" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="1" Text="{Binding DateSubmitted}" Margin="3"/>
<TextBlock Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="0" Text="Report" Margin="3" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="1" Text="{Binding ReportName}" Margin="3"/>
</Grid>
Everything about my layout will flow with the resizing of the main window. The problem I'm facing is that as you can see, the datagrid goes off the screen. If you maximize the window, the datagrid will resize with the window, but continue to go off the screen. How do I get it to maintain its margin of 20 with it's parent grid?
<Grid>
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
<TextBox Height="170" Name="txtSQL" VerticalAlignment="Top" AcceptsReturn="True" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="20"/>
<Button Content="Run!" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="btnRun" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="20,0,0,0" Width="75" Click="btnRun_Click" />
<Grid>
<my:DataGrid Name="dgResults" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="20" />
</Grid>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
UPDATE:
Just to be more specific. The effect I'm trying to accomplish here is this:
When the window first loads, you are presented with a blank datagrid, so it's only about 15 pixels high. When you run the query, it will populate the datagrid by reassigning the itemssource. As of now, when you do that, if the data exceeds the window size, it will go off the bottom of the screen. I need it to only expand to the bottom of the window then enable the scrollbar. I can do this just by wrapping it in a scrollviewer im sure. However, when the window is resized, the datagrid needs to resize with it.
I'm wondering if the setup might have something to do with it. The form is actually a wpf page being displayed in a frame.
UPDATE:
<Page x:Class="Hold_Database___Prototype_1.Views.SQL"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
mc:Ignorable="d"
d:DesignHeight="304" d:DesignWidth="732"
Title="SQL" xmlns:my="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wpf/2008/toolkit" AllowDrop="True">
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition Height="23" />
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<TextBox Height="170" Name="txtSQL" VerticalAlignment="Top" AcceptsReturn="True" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="20" Grid.Row="0"/>
<Button Content="Run!" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="btnRun" VerticalAlignment="Top"
Margin="20,0,0,0" Width="75" Grid.Row="1" Click="btnRun_Click" />
<DockPanel Grid.Row="2">
<my:DataGrid Name="dgResults" Margin="20" />
</DockPanel>
</Grid>
</Page>
What is the dock panel for in this example?
Try putting the DataGrid directly in the cell with no stackpanel. If you are setting the button height then set set grid to auto.
Also, why give so much space to the text?
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<TextBox Height="170" Name="txtSQL" VerticalAlignment="Top" AcceptsReturn="True" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="20" Grid.Row="0"/>
<Button Content="Run!" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="btnRun" VerticalAlignment="Top"
Margin="20,0,0,0" Width="75" Grid.Row="1" Click="btnRun_Click" />
<my:DataGrid Grid.Row="2" <my:DataGrid Name="dgResults" Margin="20" />
Then also set HorizontalAlignment, VerticleAlignment, HorizontalContentAlignment, and VerticalContentAlignment = stretch
Your Grid is drawn off screen without a scroll bar because you are using a StackPanel. Care must be taken when using StackPanel - it is the most simplistic of all WPF Panel derived classes since its MeasureOverride calls Measure for all of its children with a size of double.PositiveInifity regardless of how much space the panel actually has available. Even a ScrollViewer will not help you with a StackPanel (the ScrollBar will be shown, but you won't be able to move it).
For example, consider a Window 350 in height and width, and a single Button as its content which is 500 in both height and width:
<Window x:Class="WpfApplication2.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="350">
<StackPanel>
<ScrollViewer HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
<Button Content="Hello" Height="500" Width="500" />
</ScrollViewer>
</StackPanel>
</Window>
Similar to your example, the Button here is drawn off screen in both the vertical and horizontal directions and a non-functional scroll bar will be present. If we change the panel to one which respects the size of its given area (e.g. DockPanel):
<Window x:Class="WpfApplication2.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<DockPanel>
<ScrollViewer>
<Button Content="Hello" Height="500" />
</ScrollViewer>
</DockPanel>
</Window>
then scroll bars appear which are functional and hence allow the content off screen to be shown by scrolling.
Hope this helps!
What I have done was do define the horizontal and vertical alignments to "Stretch" respectively at the control you want (your DataGrid) to take up the size based on the window being resized.