Develop Reference

How to specify ENTER button functionality in Selenium WebDriver code using C#

For practice sake, I'm writing test cases for irctc website, there I need to enter from station place and then respective stations with that code will be displayed as bootstrap dropdown and now i have to select one among them and click enter. Unfortunately there is no enter/submit button for from and to text field, please help me to continue with this test case
Here is my code
IWebElement Fromstn = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[#id='divMain']/div/app-main-page/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/app-jp-input/div/form/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/span/i"));
Thread.Sleep(2000);
Fromstn.SendKeys("MAQ");
Fromstn.Click();
```**OR**
Actions builder = new Actions(driver); Actions hover = builder.MoveToElement(driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[#id='origin']"))); hover.Build().Perform(); Thread.Sleep(2000); hover.SendKeys("MAQ"); hover.Click();

from input try the below css :
p-autocomplete#origin input
To input try the below css :
p-autocomplete#destination input
Code :
driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("p-autocomplete#origin input")).SendKeys("MAQ");
driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("p-autocomplete#destination input")).SendKeys("some to station");
and if you wanna do Keyboard enter then probably use it with sendkeys():
something like this :
driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("p-autocomplete#origin input")).SendKeys("MAQ" + Keys.RETURN);

See if this works:-
driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//label[text()='From']/..//input")).SendKeys("MAQ");
//Add a wait time for the drop down value to load
Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
Actions hover = builder.MoveToElement(driver.FindElement(By.XPath(".//ul[#id='pr_id_1_list']/li"))).Click().Perform();

You can try this code. For debugging see the Fromstn object in the quick watch and see if it has returned the correct element. for debugging you can also see the element is still in the form by 'inspect element' and do a find with the Xpath given when you are on the breakpoint.
IWebElement Fromstn = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[#id='divMain']/div/app-main-page/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/app-jp-input/div/form/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/span/i"));
Thread.Sleep(2000); //you can also try by increasing the value for testing say 10 seconds
Fromstn.Clear();
Fromstn.SendKeys("MAQ");
Fromstn.Click();

How to get Selenium to operate two browser windows using only one driver selenium (using c# and chromedriver)?

I am attempting to control two browser windows via selenium using c# and a single chromedriver. The reason being that I need to share session details accross browser windows.
The code that I have tried and failed with is below;
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArguments("chrome.switches", "--disable-extensions --disable-extensions-file-access-check --disable-extensions-http-throttling --disable-infobars --enable-automation ");
options.AddUserProfilePreference("credentials_enable_service", false);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("profile.password_manager_enabled", false);
options.PageLoadStrategy = PageLoadStrategy.Default;
ChromeDriverService service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.HideCommandPromptWindow = true;
var Driver = new ChromeDriver(service, options);
//THIS WILL OPEN A NEW WINDOW. BUT BECAUSE IT IS A NEW DRIVER DOES NOT WORK FOR SHARING SESSION DETAILS.
//var TestDriver = new ChromeDriver(service, options);
//TestDriver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
//THIS JUST OPENS UP A NEW TAB. NOT A NEW WINDOW (IT WOULD SEEM MOST DOCUMENTATION SUGGESTS THAT IT SHOULD)
IJavaScriptExecutor jscript = Driver as IJavaScriptExecutor;
jscript.ExecuteScript("window.open();", "google.com.au");
//TRY USING THE SEND KEYS TECHNIQUE. NOTHING HAPPENS
var test = Driver.FindElement(By.TagName("html"));
test.SendKeys(Keys.Control + "n");
test.SendKeys(Keys.Control + "t");
//TRY AGAIN USING THE SEND KEYS TECHNIQUE USING A DIFFERENT TAG. NOTHING HAPPENS
var blah = Driver.FindElements(By.TagName("body"));
blah[0].SendKeys(Keys.Control + "t");
//TRY USING ACTIONS. NOTHING HAPPENS
Actions action = new Actions(Driver);
action.SendKeys(OpenQA.Selenium.Keys.Control + "n");
action.Build().Perform();
I may resort to AutoIt to open a browser if I have to, but one more dependency is not what I need. Documentation everywhere around the web seems to suggest than all the options I tried above should work...I suspect it may be a chromedriver issue of some kind.
Any ideas on how to achieve my goal would be greatly appreciated
UPDATE.
Arnons answer below lead me to the solution. If you are in a similar situation the best thing to do is just open up the browser console (from developers tools) and experiment with javascript until you get what you want. Then just execute that. In the end executing the following code has worked for me.
IJavaScriptExecutor jscript = Driver as IJavaScriptExecutor;
jscript.ExecuteScript("window.open('https://www.bing.com.au','_blank','toolbar = 0, location = 0, menubar = 0')");
The other alternative was to use Autoit, which I also got working, much easier than I did figuring out the javascript. But one less dependency is best :)
UPDATE2.
Further complications arise with trying to control the window as an independent browser window. I believe any new window created from a parent window, has the same process id (at least my testing has indicated so), and for all intense and purpose is treated as a tab in the selinium driver. I therefore conclude that certain things are just not possible (for example relocating the child browser window on the screen).

Your first attempt using ExecuteJavaScript was very close, but In order for it to open a new window instead of new tab, you should add the following arguments: `"_blank", "toolbar=0,location=0,menubar=0" to it.
See this question for more details.

I should have read the question better, here is my solution. Ended up using this for selecting windows that popped up after clicking a button but should work with swapping between windows.
//---- Setup Handles ----
//Create a Handle to come back to window 1
string currentHandle = driver.CurrentWindowHandle;
//Creates a target handle for window 2
string popupWindowHandle = wait.Until<string>((d) =>
{
string foundHandle = null;
// Subtract out the list of known handles. In the case of a single
// popup, the newHandles list will only have one value.
List<string> newHandles = driver.WindowHandles.Except(originalHandles).ToList();
if (newHandles.Count > 0)
{
foundHandle = newHandles[0];
}
return foundHandle;
});
//Now you can use these next 2 lines to continuously swap
//Swaps to window 2
driver.SwitchTo().Window(popupWindowHandle);
// Do stuff here in second window
//Swap back to window 1
driver.SwitchTo().Window(currentHandle);
// Do stuff here in first window

You need to explicitly tell Selenium which tab you wish to interact with, which in this case would be;
driver.SwitchTo().Window(driver.WindowHandles.Last());

Selenium C# Open New Tab CTRL+T Not working with CHROME

static void Main()
{
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("http://google.com");
IWebElement body = driver.FindElement(By.TagName("body"));
body.SendKeys(Keys.Control + "t");
}
This is the code that I am trying to use to open a new tab and its not working, I am not getting any errors nothing, the driver opens Google and thats all....
I have searched a lot and found many tutorials even videos where people are using the exact same code and it works for them, but for me it doesnt and I can't figure it out...
I tried sending Keys.Shift + "t" to the search field and it works, it writes a capital T in the field
I have also tried
Actions act = new Actions(driver);
act.KeyDown(Keys.Control).SendKeys("t").Perform();
And it still does not work, but again if I change Keys.Control to Keys.Shift it writes, seems like nothing that involves Keys.Control is working!!
Edit: I have tried running the code with a IE Driver and it worked there, it opens new tab, but it does not open new tabs on Chrome?

Thanks for the answers! I did it with JavaScript.
((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript("window.open();");

Looks like it's a "feature" of the chrome driver.
https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromedriver/issues/detail?id=581
This is a limitation in the way we simulate keyboard input in ChromeDriver. Keys get sent directly to the render process, bypassing the browser process. So any keyboard shortcut handlers in the browser process will not be invoked by sendKeys().

Try this
driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("body")).SendKeys(Keys.Control + "t");
driver.SwitchTo().Window(driver.WindowHandles.Last());
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("http://www.google.com")

If your on a mac, use Keys.Command instead of Keys.Control:
body.SendKeys(Keys.Command + "t");

Switching tabs not working in Selenium Webdriver

I wrote this code in C# and it's not working for me.
Second url is still opening in the first tab, although I switched tabs and updated handle.
// open first page in first tab
string firstPageUrl = "http://google.com";
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(firstPageUrl);
// getting handle to first tab
string firstTabHandle = driver.CurrentWindowHandle;
// open new tab
Actions action = new Actions(driver);
action.SendKeys(OpenQA.Selenium.Keys.Control + "t").Build().Perform();
string secondTabHandle = driver.CurrentWindowHandle;
// open second page in second tab
driver.SwitchTo().Window(secondTabHandle);
string secondPageUrl = "http://bbc.com";
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(secondPageUrl); // FAILED, page is opened in first tab -.-
Thread.Sleep(2000); // slow down a bit to see tab change
// swtich to first tab
action.SendKeys(OpenQA.Selenium.Keys.Control + "1").Build().Perform();
driver.SwitchTo().Window(firstTabHandle);
Thread.Sleep(1000);
action.SendKeys(OpenQA.Selenium.Keys.Control + "2").Build().Perform();
I'm using latest Chrome driver.
Any ideas?
EDIT:
This is not duplicate. I am not opening links here, I want to navigate to URL I've provided. Also, I am using CurrentWindowHandle as suggested, but it is not working for me.

string secondTabHandle = driver.CurrentWindowHandle; is still returning the first tab, even if the second tab cover the first one. Try this
string firstTabHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();
Actions action = new Actions(driver);
action.SendKeys(OpenQA.Selenium.Keys.Control + "t").Build().Perform();
// switch to the new tab
for (String handle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {
if (!handle.equals(firstTabHandle))
{
driver.switchTo().window(handle);
}
}
// close the second tab and switch back to the first tab
driver.close();
driver.switchTo().window(firstTabHandle);

Not entirely sure if this is related to your problem (but I think it might be):
I've found, with selenium, that a better alternative to using Thread.Sleep() is using:
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(15));
where first argument is the selenium driver you're using, and the second argument is how long you want to wait before giving up (the timeout)
You can then call:
wait.Until(condition);
where condition is what you want to wait for. There is a selenium class that provides various useful conditions called ExpectedConditions, for example:
ExpectedConditions.ElementToBeClickable(By by)
which would wait for a particular clickable element to be ready to click.
In fact, I've found that any time the content of the page changes, it's a good idea to wait for the element you're using next like this.

Click() method not working using C# Selenium IDE

I am trying to execute a selenium test from c#. I have recorded the test on the selenium IDE and have verified it works using the IDE tool. The test is a simple proof of concept. Browse to the united airlines web site, enter some flight info on their search widget and invoke a search. When I run the project everything works except that the click on the search button does not invoke the click as it does when using the Selenium IDE.
Non working line with no errors thrown
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_btnSearchFlight")).Click();
Full Code
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
baseURL = "http://www.united.com/";
verificationErrors = new StringBuilder();
enter code here
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(baseURL + "/web/en-US/default.aspx?root=1");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_Origin_txtOrigin")).Clear();
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_Origin_txtOrigin")).SendKeys("fort lauderdale, fl");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_Destination_txtDestination")).Clear();
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_Destination_txtDestination")).SendKeys("New York/Newark, NJ (EWR - Liberty)");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_DepDateTime_Depdate_txtDptDate")).Click();
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_DepDateTime_Depdate_txtDptDate")).Clear();
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_DepDateTime_Depdate_txtDptDate")).SendKeys("4/7/2014");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_RetDateTime_Retdate_txtRetDate")).Clear();
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_RetDateTime_Retdate_txtRetDate")).SendKeys("4/14/2014");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_btnSearchFlight")).Click();
String test = driver.PageSource;

The problem is there are two ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_btnSearchFlight on the page. The first is a div, the second is the button you want to click.
Try this instead:
FindElement(By.CssSelector("input#ctl00_ContentInfo_Booking1_btnSearchFlight")).Click();