Develop Reference

How to implement a simple height map to an Unity Shader

Let me start off by saying I know very little about shader programming. A lot of what I have here is stitched together from online resources and existing assets. I just need to know how to correctly integrate a height map into a unity shader. It doesn't have to be more complex than the standard Unity shader's. I can't use the Standard shader because I need a shader that tiles together multiple textures, which is probably why I haven't found a solution to this problem yet.
I've mixed and moved around the code, deleted some variables, renamed some variables, and looked online for anyone who had a similar problem.
Shader "Unlit/TRUE_EARTH"
{
Properties
{
_TexA1 ("Tex A1", 2D) = "white" {}
_TexA2 ("Tex A2", 2D) = "white" {}
_TexB1 ("Tex B1", 2D) = "white" {}
_TexB2 ("Tex B2", 2D) = "white" {}
_TexC1 ("Tex C1", 2D) = "white" {}
_TexC2 ("Tex C2", 2D) = "white" {}
_TexD1 ("Tex D1", 2D) = "white" {}
_TexD2 ("Tex D2", 2D) = "white" {}
_BumpScale("Scale", Float) = 1.0
[Normal] _BumpMap("Normal Map", 2D) = "bump" {}
_Height("Height Scale", Range(0.005, 0.08)) = 0.02
_HeightMap("Height Map", 2D) = "black" {}
_OcclusionStrength("Strength", Range(0.0, 1.0)) = 1.0
_OcclusionMap("Occlusion", 2D) = "white" {}
}
SubShader
{
Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" }
Lighting Off
ZWrite Off
Pass
{
CGPROGRAM
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
// make fog work
#pragma multi_compile_fog
#include "UnityCG.cginc"
sampler2D _TexA1;
sampler2D _TexA2;
sampler2D _TexB1;
sampler2D _TexB2;
sampler2D _TexC1;
sampler2D _TexC2;
sampler2D _TexD1;
sampler2D _TexD2;
sampler2D _NormalMap;
sampler2D _HeightMap;
half _BumpAmount;
half _Height;
struct v2f
{
float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
half3 normal: TEXCOORD1;
#if WPM_BUMPMAP_ENABLED
half3 tspace0 : TEXCOORD2; // tangent.x, bitangent.x, normal.x
half3 tspace1 : TEXCOORD3; // tangent.y, bitangent.y, normal.y
half3 tspace2 : TEXCOORD4; // tangent.z, bitangent.z, normal.z
#endif
};
v2f vert (float4 vertex : POSITION, half3 normal : NORMAL, half4 tangent : TANGENT, float2 uv : TEXCOORD5, appdata_full v) {
v2f o;
float4 heightMap = tex2Dlod(_HeightMap, float4(v.texcoord.xy, 0, 0));
vertex.z += heightMap.b * _Height;
o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos (vertex);
o.uv = uv;
half3 wNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(normal);
o.normal = wNormal;
#if WPM_BUMPMAP_ENABLED
half3 wTangent = UnityObjectToWorldDir(tangent.xyz);
half tangentSign = tangent.w * unity_WorldTransformParams.w;
half3 wBitangent = cross(wNormal, wTangent) * tangentSign;
//output the tangent space matrix
o.tspace0 = half3(wTangent.x, wBitangent.x, wNormal.x);
o.tspace1 = half3(wTangent.y, wBitangent.y, wNormal.y);
o.tspace2 = half3(wTangent.z, wBitangent.z, wNormal.z);
#endif
return o;
}
half4 frag (v2f i) : SV_Target
{
// compute Earth pixel color
half4 color;
// compute Earth pixel color
if (i.uv.x<0.25)
{
if (i.uv.y>0.4999)
{
color = tex2Dlod(_TexA1, float4(i.uv.x * 4.0, (i.uv.y - 0.5) * 2.0, 0, 0));
}
else
{
color = tex2Dlod(_TexA2, float4(i.uv.x * 4.0, i.uv.y * 2.0, 0, 0));
}
}
else if (i.uv.x < 0.5)
{
if (i.uv.y>0.4999)
{
color = tex2Dlod(_TexB1, float4((i.uv.x - 0.25) * 4.0f, (i.uv.y - 0.5) * 2.0, 0, 0));
}
else
{
color = tex2Dlod(_TexB2, float4((i.uv.x - 0.25) * 4.0f, i.uv.y * 2.0, 0, 0));
}
}
else if (i.uv.x < 0.75)
{
if (i.uv.y>0.4999)
{
color = tex2Dlod(_TexC1, float4((i.uv.x - 0.50) * 4.0f, (i.uv.y - 0.5) * 2.0, 0, 0));
}
else
{
color = tex2Dlod(_TexC2, float4((i.uv.x - 0.50) * 4.0f, i.uv.y * 2.0, 0, 0));
}
}
else if (i.uv.x < 1.01)
{
if (i.uv.y>0.4999)
{
color = tex2Dlod(_TexD1, float4((i.uv.x - 0.75) * 4.0f, (i.uv.y - 0.5) * 2.0, 0, 0));
}
else
{
color = tex2Dlod(_TexD2, float4((i.uv.x - 0.75) * 4.0f, i.uv.y * 2.0, 0, 0));
}
}
// sphere normal (without bump-map)
half3 snormal = normalize(i.normal);
// transform normal from tangent to world space
#if WPM_BUMPMAP_ENABLED
half3 tnormal = UnpackNormal(tex2D(_NormalMap, i.uv));
half3 worldNormal;
worldNormal.x = dot(i.tspace0, tnormal);
worldNormal.y = dot(i.tspace1, tnormal);
worldNormal.z = dot(i.tspace2, tnormal);
half3 normal = normalize(lerp(snormal, worldNormal, _BumpAmount));
#else
half3 normal = snormal;
#endif
return color;
}
ENDCG
}
}
}
The texture comes out fine, but there is no semblance of heightmapping. It's all flat.

There were 3 parts that needed to change.
Make sure your properties match up with your variables:
_Height("Height Scale", Range(0.005, 0.08)) = 0.02
_HeightMap("Height Map", 2D) = "black" {}
....
sampler2D _HeightMap;
half _Height;
Make modifications to the vertex before it gets stored in o
Modify the y component of the vertex instead of the z:
float4 heightMap = tex2Dlod(_HeightMap, float4(v.texcoord.xy, 0, 0));
vertex.y += heightMap.b * _Height;
o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos (vertex);

Shader does not work after adding lighting processing

If add in "FallBack" nonexistent shader appers this error "Shader warning in 'Curved/CurvedAlpha': Shader is not supported on this GPU (none of subshaders/fallbacks are suitable)". So can i make a conclusion that this shader is not supported on this GPU after adding just one variable(look further)?
My videocard geforce gtx 1060 3gb.
Shader "Curved/CurvedAlpha" {
Properties {
_Color("Color", COLOR) = (1, 1, 1, 1)
_MainTex ("Base (RGB)", 2D) = "white" {}
_QOffset ("Offset", Vector) = (0,0,0,0)
_Dist ("Distance", Float) = 100.0
_Alpha ("Alpha", Range(0.0,1.0)) = 1.0
}
SubShader {
Tags {"Queue"="Transparent" "IgnoreProjector"="True" "RenderType"="Transparent"}
LOD 100
ZWrite On
Blend SrcAlpha OneMinusSrcAlpha
Pass
{
Lighting Off
CGPROGRAM
// Upgrade NOTE: excluded shader from DX11; has structs without semantics (struct v2f members factor)
#pragma exclude_renderers d3d11
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
#include "UnityCG.cginc"
half4 _Color;
sampler2D _MainTex;
float4 _QOffset;
float _Dist;
float _Alpha;
uniform float4 _MainTex_ST;
struct v2f {
float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
After addind "factor" and calculating it in vert function shader falls back in to a "Legacy Shaders/Transparent/VertexLit"
float4 factor: COLOR;
};
v2f vert (appdata_base v)
{
v2f o;
float4 vPos = mul (UNITY_MATRIX_MV, v.vertex);
float zOff = vPos.z/_Dist;
vPos += _QOffset*zOff*zOff;
o.pos = mul (UNITY_MATRIX_P, vPos);
o.uv = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.texcoord, _MainTex);
float factor = max(0, dot(v.normal, float3(0,1,0)));
o.factor = float4(factor,0,0,0);
return o;
}
fixed4 frag (v2f i) : COLOR
{
//fixed4 color = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv) * _Color;
return tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv) * float4(_Color.r, _Color.g, _Color.b, _Alpha) * i.factor.x;
}
ENDCG
}
}
FallBack "Legacy Shaders/Transparent/VertexLit"
}
The problem was add lighting processing to curved shader.

When you get errors about shaders not being supported on a GPU, i've found that 90% of the time it is related to the ShaderLab part of the code, since this does not have the same detailed compiler errors as the CG code and typically just lazily claims that the shader is unsupported when in fact there is a syntax error.
In your case, i think you should spell it as Fallback instead of FallBack.

Using custom shader results in black image

I use unity 2018.3.5f1. I would like to overlay a custom shader while rendering an image. Following is my onRenderImage Function.
void OnRenderImage(RenderTexture src, RenderTexture dest) {
// shaderMaterial renders the image with Barrel distortion and disparity effect
Graphics.Blit(camTextureHolder.mainTexture, nullRenderTexture, shaderMaterial);
// measure average frames per second
m_FpsAccumulator++;
if (Time.realtimeSinceStartup > m_FpsNextPeriod) {
m_CurrentFps = (int)(m_FpsAccumulator / fpsMeasurePeriod);
m_FpsAccumulator = 0;
m_FpsNextPeriod += fpsMeasurePeriod;
}
}
The issue is that the entire screen appears to be black while I'm trying to do so. May I know how do I fix this issue?
Update:
This is the code for the shader that I'm using
Shader "Custom/FakeAR"
{
Properties{
_MainTex("", 2D) = "white" {}
[HideInInspector]_FOV("FOV", Range(1, 2)) = 1.6
[HideInInspector]_Disparity("Disparity", Range(0, 0.3)) = 0.1
[HideInInspector]_Alpha("Alpha", Range(0, 2.0)) = 1.0
}
SubShader{
Pass{
CGPROGRAM
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
#include "UnityCG.cginc"
struct v2f {
float4 pos : POSITION;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
};
// Default Vertex Shader
v2f vert(appdata_img v) {
v2f o;
o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
o.uv = MultiplyUV(UNITY_MATRIX_TEXTURE0, v.texcoord.xy);
return o;
}
// Parameters
sampler2D _MainTex;
float _FOV;
// Alpha is the ratio of pixel density: width to height
float _Alpha;
// Disparity is the portion to separate
// larger disparity cause closer stereovision
float _Disparity;
// Fragment Shader: Remap the texture coordinates to combine
// barrel distortion and disparity video display
fixed4 frag(v2f i) : COLOR {
float2 uv1, uv2, uv3;
float t1, t2;
float offset;
// uv1 is the remap of left and right screen to a full screen
uv1 = i.uv - 0.5;
uv1.x = uv1.x * 2 - 0.5 + sign(i.uv.x < 0.5);
t1 = sqrt(1.0 - uv1.x * uv1.x - uv1.y * uv1.y);
t2 = 1.0 / (t1 * tan(_FOV * 0.5));
// uv2 is the remap of side screen with barrel distortion
uv2 = uv1 * t2 + 0.5;
// black color for out-of-range pixels
if (uv2.x >= 1 || uv2.y >= 1 || uv2.x <= 0 || uv2.y <= 0) {
return fixed4(0, 0, 0, 1);
}
else {
offset = 0.5 - _Alpha * 0.5 + _Disparity * 0.5 - _Disparity * sign(i.uv.x < 0.5);
// uv3 is the remap of image texture
uv3 = uv2;
uv3.x = uv2.x * _Alpha + offset;
return tex2D(_MainTex, uv3);
}
}
ENDCG
}
}
FallBack "Diffuse"
}
Is it because of the shader?

Well I think it's working it's just that the shader has nothing to render meaning it goes for black. You might want the shader to use the excisting camera texture. So maybe this?
void OnRenderImage(RenderTexture src, RenderTexture dest) {
// shaderMaterial renders the image with Barrel distortion and disparity effect
Graphics.Blit(src, dst, shaderMaterial);
// measure average frames per second
m_FpsAccumulator++;
if (Time.realtimeSinceStartup > m_FpsNextPeriod) {
m_CurrentFps = (int)(m_FpsAccumulator / fpsMeasurePeriod);
m_FpsAccumulator = 0;
m_FpsNextPeriod += fpsMeasurePeriod;
}
}
Try making the shader really default and see if it renders something. So try a shader that looks like this:
Shader "Examples/ExampleDisplacement"
{
Properties
{
_MainTex("Texture", 2D) = "white" {}
}
SubShader
{
// No culling or depth
Cull Off ZWrite Off ZTest Always
Pass
{
CGPROGRAM
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
#include "UnityCG.cginc"
struct appdata
{
float4 vertex : POSITION;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
};
struct v2f
{
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
};
v2f vert (appdata v)
{
v2f o;
o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
o.uv = v.uv;
return o;
}
sampler2D _MainTex;
float4 frag (v2f i) : SV_Target
{
float4 col = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv);
return col;
}
ENDCG
}
}
}

How to blend cubemaps in Unity Shader Language

Hi fellow Unity devs,
I have been trying to modify the built in Unity shader for Skybox/Cubemap, such that it takes a second cubemap, and has a blend factor between the two.
I have attempted the following shader script, however it does not produce the intended result, is anybody who knows more about shader code than me please able to assist in my learning/results? I am finding it very difficult to learn how to use shader code, only been using Unity for about 2-3 months.
Shader "RenderFX/Skybox2" {
Properties {
_Tint ("Tint Color", Color) = (.5, .5, .5, .5)
[Gamma] _Exposure ("Exposure", Range(0, 8)) = 1.0
_Rotation ("Rotation", Range(0, 360)) = 0
_Rotation2 ("Rotation 2", Range(0, 360)) = 0
_Blend ("Blend", Range (0, 1) ) = 0.5
[NoScaleOffset] _Tex ("Cubemap (HDR)", Cube) = "grey" {}
_Skybox2 ("Skybox two", Cube) = ""
}
SubShader {
Tags { "Queue"="Background" "RenderType"="Background" "PreviewType"="Skybox" }
Cull Off ZWrite Off
Pass {
CGPROGRAM
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
#pragma target 2.0
#include "UnityCG.cginc"
samplerCUBE _Tex;
half4 _Tex_HDR;
half4 _Tint;
half _Exposure;
float _Rotation;
float3 RotateAroundYInDegrees (float3 vertex, float degrees)
{
float alpha = degrees * UNITY_PI / 180.0;
float sina, cosa;
sincos(alpha, sina, cosa);
float2x2 m = float2x2(cosa, -sina, sina, cosa);
return float3(mul(m, vertex.xz), vertex.y).xzy;
}
struct appdata_t {
float4 vertex : POSITION;
};
struct v2f {
float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
float3 texcoord : TEXCOORD0;
};
v2f vert (appdata_t v)
{
v2f o;
float3 rotated = RotateAroundYInDegrees(v.vertex, _Rotation);
o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(rotated);
o.texcoord = v.vertex.xyz;
return o;
}
fixed4 frag (v2f i) : SV_Target
{
half4 tex = texCUBE (_Tex, i.texcoord);
half3 c = DecodeHDR (tex, _Tex_HDR);
c = c * _Tint.rgb * unity_ColorSpaceDouble.rgb;
c *= _Exposure;
return half4(c, 1);
}
ENDCG
}
Pass {
CGPROGRAM
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
#pragma target 2.0
#include "UnityCG.cginc"
samplerCUBE _Skybox2;
half4 _Skybox2_HDR;
half4 _Tint;
half _Exposure;
float _Rotation2;
float _Blend;
float3 RotateAroundYInDegrees (float3 vertex, float degrees)
{
float alpha = degrees * UNITY_PI / 180.0;
float sina, cosa;
sincos(alpha, sina, cosa);
float2x2 m = float2x2(cosa, -sina, sina, cosa);
return float3(mul(m, vertex.xz), vertex.y).xzy;
}
struct appdata_t {
float4 vertex : POSITION;
};
struct v2f {
float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
float3 texcoord : TEXCOORD0;
};
v2f vert (appdata_t v)
{
v2f o;
float3 rotated = RotateAroundYInDegrees(v.vertex, _Rotation2);
o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(rotated);
o.texcoord = v.vertex.xyz;
return o;
}
fixed4 frag (v2f i) : SV_Target
{
half4 tex = texCUBE (_Skybox2, i.texcoord);
half3 c2 = DecodeHDR (tex, _Skybox2_HDR);
c2 = c2 * _Tint.rgb * unity_ColorSpaceDouble.rgb;
c2 *= _Exposure;
return half4(c2, 1);
}
ENDCG
}
Pass {
SetTexture[c]
SetTexture[c2] {
ConstantColor (0,0,0, [_Blend])
Combine texture Lerp(constant) previous
}
}
}
Fallback Off
}
The result is a grey view, and I don't think I am passing the c/c2 variables properly, or even if they CAN be passed like that. I am really stumped as to how I might achieve this effect.
The blend pass works fine for just the plain textures, but I need it to maintain the rotation values, not just the textures.
Thank you in advance to you shader/Unity experts out there! I hope one day to join your ranks.

Problems with my unity shader

I have began to create some shaders for my university group project however I have ran into a bit of a snag with my water shader. I am trying to create one which utilises two overlapping normal maps.
Whilst everything looks okay in the editor, when I then publish to the webplayer, the scene looks like its unlit.
Heres my code for the shader:
//
// Filename : WaterShader.shader
// Version : 2.0
// Date : 1st March 2014
//
Shader "Flight/WaterShader/2.0"
{
// Set up variables so we can access them in inspector mode
Properties
{
// Variable to control the colour tint
_Color ("Base Color", Color) = (1, 1, 1, 1)
// Variables for specular
_SpecularColor ("Specular Color", Color) = (1, 1, 1, 1)
_SpecularAmount ("Shininess", Float) = 10
// Variable for setting the base texture
_MainTex ("Water Texture", 2D) = "white" { }
// Variables to set the normal map 1
_BumpMapA ("Normal Map", 2D) = "bump" { }
_BumpDepthA ("Depth", Range(0.25, 10.0)) = 1
// Variables to set the normal map 2
_BumpMapB ("Normal Map", 2D) = "bump" { }
_BumpDepthB ("Depth", Range(0.25, 10.0)) = 1
}
SubShader
{
pass
{
Tags { "RenderType" = "Opaque" }
Lighting On
CGPROGRAM
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
#pragma exclude_renderers flash
// Variables
sampler2D _MainTex;
float4 _MainTex_ST;
sampler2D _BumpMapA;
float4 _BumpMapA_ST;
float _BumpDepthA;
sampler2D _BumpMapB;
float4 _BumpMapB_ST;
float _BumpDepthB;
float4 _Color;
float4 _SpecularColor;
float _SpecularAmount;
float4 _LightColor0;
struct vertexInput
{
float4 vertex : POSITION;
float3 normal : NORMAL;
float4 texcoord : TEXCOORD0;
float4 tangent : TANGENT;
};
struct vertexOutput
{
float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
float4 tex : TEXCOORD0;
float4 posWorld : TEXCOORD1;
float3 normalWorld : TEXCOORD2;
float3 tangentWorld : TEXCOORD3;
float3 binormalWorld : TEXCOORD4;
};
vertexOutput vert(vertexInput input)
{
vertexOutput output;
output.pos = mul(UNITY_MATRIX_MVP, input.vertex);
output.tex = input.texcoord;
output.posWorld = mul(_Object2World, input.vertex);
output.normalWorld = normalize( mul( float4( input.normal, 0.0f ), _World2Object ).xyz );
output.tangentWorld = normalize( mul( _Object2World, input.tangent ).xyz );
output.binormalWorld = normalize( cross( output.normalWorld, output.tangentWorld) * input.tangent.w );
return output;
}
float4 frag(vertexOutput input) : COLOR
{
// Set up variables
float3 viewDirection;
float3 lightDirection;
float3 normalDirection;
float lightIntensity;
float4 normalColorA;
float4 normalColorB;
float4 normalColor;
float3 normalLocalA;
float3 normalLocalB;
float3 normalLocal;
float3x3 normalWorld;
float4 textureColor;
float3 diffuseColor;
float3 specularColor;
float3 lightColor;
float4 finalColor;
// Begin calculations
// Calculate the angle we are looking at the pixel
viewDirection = normalize(_WorldSpaceCameraPos.xyz - input.posWorld.xyz );
if(_WorldSpaceLightPos0.w == 0.0)
{
lightIntensity = 1.0;
lightDirection = normalize(_WorldSpaceLightPos0.xyz);
}
else
{
float3 fragmentToLightSource = _WorldSpaceLightPos0.xyz - input.posWorld.xyz;
float distance = length(fragmentToLightSource);
lightIntensity = 1.0 / distance;
lightDirection = normalize(fragmentToLightSource);
}
// Sample the textures
textureColor = tex2D(_MainTex, input.tex.xy * _MainTex_ST.xy + _MainTex_ST.zw);
normalColorA = tex2D(_BumpMapA, input.tex.xy * _BumpMapA_ST.xy + _BumpMapA_ST.zw);
normalColorB = tex2D(_BumpMapB, input.tex.xy * _BumpMapB_ST.xy + _BumpMapB_ST.zw);
// Expand the normals and set the intensity of the normal map
normalLocalA = float3(2.0 * normalColorA.ag - float2(1.0, 1.0), 0.0);
normalLocalA.z = _BumpDepthA;
normalLocalB = float3(2.0 * normalColorB.ag - float2(1.0, 1.0), 0.0);
normalLocalB.z = _BumpDepthB;
// Combine the two normals
normalLocal = normalize(normalLocalA + normalLocalB);
// Calculate the normal in the world
normalWorld = float3x3( input.tangentWorld, input.binormalWorld, input.normalWorld );
normalDirection = normalize( mul( normalLocal, normalWorld ) );
// Calculate lighting
diffuseColor = lightIntensity * _LightColor0.xyz * saturate( dot(normalDirection, lightDirection) );
specularColor = diffuseColor * _SpecularColor.xyz * pow( saturate( dot( reflect(-lightDirection, normalDirection), viewDirection) ), _SpecularAmount );
// Combine lighting
lightColor = UNITY_LIGHTMODEL_AMBIENT.xyz + diffuseColor + specularColor;
// Apply lighting to the texture color
textureColor = float4( textureColor.xyz * lightColor * _Color.xyz, 1.0);
return textureColor;
}
ENDCG
}
}
FallBack "Specular"
}
In the editor it looks like this:
Where as in the webplayer it looks like this:
Anyone able to help me see where I have gone wrong? :)

You need a separate pass of pixel light in the scene for the web player. Replace your current SubShader Parameters with
SubShader
{
Tags {"RenderType" = "Opaque"}
Pass
{
Tags {"LightMode" = "ForwardAdd"}
}
Pass
{
CGPROGRAM
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
#pragma exclude_renderers flash