C# Localization and Resource Files - c#

I'm trying to get localization working in my application. I have my ui resource files, named "ui.resx" and "ui.de.resx" in my solution. However, something in my implementation is incorrect, and I'm stumped.
ResourceManager res_man;
CultureInfo culture;
string exception;
private void myForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
culture = CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture("de");
res_man = new ResourceManager("MyApp.ui.resx", typeof(myForm).Assembly);
doTheThing();
}
private void doTheThing()
{
try
{
BTN_save.text = ui.SAVE;
//Do code here
}
catch(Exception e)
{
exception = e.toString();
}
}
When I run the program, it errors out and exception reads:
"Exception: System.Resources.MissingManifestResourceException: Could not find any resources appropriate for the specified culture or the neutral culture. Make sure "ui.resx.resources" was correctly embedded or linked into assembly "myProgram" at compile time, or that all the satellite assemblies required are loadable and fully signed."


You should use the full name (with namespace) of your class as first parameter lik:
var resman= new ResourceManager("Sample.Resources", typeof(Resources).Assembly);
To know what name you should use, open ui.cs under the ui.resx node and look at the namespace of the class and the class name and use them as shown above.
Pay attention that you should not pass "MyApp.ui.resx", instead pass "MyApp.ui"
Then you can simply use the manager to get a resource for specific culture like this:
var str = resman.GetString("YourResourceKey", culture);
Note:
Another thing you should notice, there is more simple way to read culture specific resources. You can simply set :
var culture= ...
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = culture;
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = culture;
After setting culture, wherever you use for example MyApp.Ui.Key the value of the Key specific to that culture will be used.

Related

Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture doesn't return country correctly

I'm with a very strange problem. I am implementing localization on my project, but when I try to get the current locale Windows is running, it misses the country information. Here it is a sample code:
using System;
using System.Globalization;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
CultureInfo culture = CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture;
Console.WriteLine("The current UI culture is {0} [{1}]",
culture.NativeName, culture.Name);
}
}
When I run it in the most common languages (En-US, FR-fr), it returns correctly. However, when I select French from Belgium, for instance, it retrieves me FR-fr instead of FR-be - even if I delete French from France from the language preference options.
I wonder how could I get the country I selected correctly all the time, no matter which country my software is located.
ps: Using CurrentCulture isn't the answer I'm looking for, since I want a match to the display language I'm using in my UI, not to date/time/number formats (they can be totally different).

I think than you have wrong using in header.
MS use system.thread and not system.globalization
https://msdn.microsoft.com/it-it/library/system.globalization.cultureinfo.currentuiculture(v=vs.110).aspx
In some of these there are compilation errors.
The correct and compiling code is this:
(notice as CultureInfo.CurrentCulture is readonly, instead i've used System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture that has setter accessible)
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Display the name of the current thread culture.
Console.WriteLine("CurrentCulture is {0}.", CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Name);
// Change the current culture to th-TH.
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo("th-TH", false);
Console.WriteLine("CurrentCulture is now {0}.", CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Name);
// Display the name of the current UI culture.
Console.WriteLine("CurrentUICulture is {0}.", CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture.Name);
// Change the current UI culture to ja-JP.
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = new CultureInfo("ja-JP", false);
Console.WriteLine("CurrentUICulture is now {0}.", CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture.Name);
}

Culture in Web API not used by FluentValidation

I have a Web API, and in global.asax I set culture as follows:
protected void Application_PostAuthenticateRequest()
{
var culture = CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture("nl-BE");
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = culture;
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = culture;
}
I have added the Fluent Validation for .NET nuget, and so in the bin folder I have /nl/FluentValidation.resources.dll.
Next, I have a validator like:
public class AddWeightCommandValidator : AbstractValidator<AddWeightCommand>
{
public AddWeightCommandValidator()
{
RuleFor(command => command.PatientId).GreaterThan(0);
RuleFor(command => command.WeightValue).InclusiveBetween(20, 200);
}
}
And this is called from my command like:
new AddWeightCommandValidator().ValidateAndThrow(request);
The problem is that validation messages are still in English instead of Dutch.
If I debug, right before the validator is called the culture is correctly set on CurrentUICulture and CurrentCulture.
Anyone has an idea what I'm doing wrong?

Thanks to the tip of Stijn I started to look on how I could use my own resources for Fluent Validation, and this is how I did it.
In global.asax, culture is set and the resource provider type for Fluent Validation is set depending on that culture:
protected void Application_PostAuthenticateRequest()
{
// Set culture
var culture = CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture("nl-BE");
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = culture;
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = culture;
// Set Fluent Validation resource based on culture
switch (Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture.ToString())
{
case "nl-BE":
ValidatorOptions.ResourceProviderType = typeof(Prim.Mgp.Infrastructure.Resources.nl_BE);
break;
}
}
After this, Fluent Validation will look for translations in the appropriate resource file.
The resource files are in a separate project. Here, all Fluent Validation keys are defined, like inclusivebetween_error etc. Also, the various properties like WeightValue are defined there.
Finally, in the validator, WithLocalizedName is used to localize the property names:
RuleFor(command => command.WeightValue).InclusiveBetween(20, 200).WithLocalizedName(() => Prim.Mgp.Infrastructure.Resources.nl_BE.WeightValue);

I used this code
RuleFor(rule => rule.CultureName).Must(BeValidateCultureInfo).WithMessage(errorMessage => string.Format(CultureNameInvalidMessage, errorMessage.Locale));
private bool BeValidateCultureInfo(string locale)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(locale))
return true;
try
{
var cultureInfo = CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo(locale);
return true;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}

DateTimeFormat exception while creating a culture info in C# .Net Compact Framework

I am getting an exception when I try to initialize CultureInfo in my application.
Following is the code I am using:
public void SetLanguage(string cultureCode)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(cultureCode))
{
_cultureInfo = new CultureInfo("en");
}
else
{
_cultureInfo = new CultureInfo(cultureCode);
}
}
I am trying to create culture info for "no" culture code but I get exception PlateformNotSupported as it can not create CompareCulture and DateTimeFormat followings are the exceptions:
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.Check Neutral(CultureInfo culture) System.Globalization.CultureInfo.get_DateTimeFormat()
What is missing here , any idea will be appriciated ?

MSDN suggests to get a list of supported cultures and try to get required culture from that list. Otherwise use default culture.

How to get language without country from CultureInfo

Does anyone know in ASP.Net how to get the language of the currentculture without it's countryname?
I know this invariant culture's don't have this problem, but I don't know how to create them without specifying an explicit language. I want to display the active language and in nl-nl this is Dutch (Netherlands).
This is how I set the currentCulture:
private void Application_BeginRequest(Object source, EventArgs e)
{
string[] languages = HttpContext.Current.Request.UserLanguages;
string language = languages[0].ToLowerInvariant().Trim();
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(language))
{
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo(language);
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture(language);
}
}
In my case, the culture is "nl-nl". Problem is that what is shown on the site when using CurrentCulture.EnglishName is "Dutch (Netherlands)".
I only want to see Dutch!
Thanks!

Simple:
CultureInfo ci = CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo ("nl-nl");
if( ci.IsNeutralCulture )
{
Console.WriteLine (ci.EnglishName);
Console.WriteLine (ci.NativeName);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine (ci.Parent.EnglishName);
Console.WriteLine (ci.Parent.NativeName);
}

CultureInfo object contains property called Parent - if it's set then then there is CultureInfo with desired EnglishName = Dutch

You can use the HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE object.

Is there a way of setting culture for a whole application? All current threads and new threads?

Is there a way of setting culture for a whole application? All current threads and new threads?
We have the name of the culture stored in a database, and when our application starts, we do
CultureInfo ci = new CultureInfo(theCultureString);
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = ci;
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = ci;
But, of course, this gets "lost" when we want to do something in a new thread. Is there a way of setting that CurrentCulture and CurrentUICulture for the whole application? So that new threads also gets that culture? Or is it some event fired whenever a new thread is created that I can hook up to?

In .NET 4.5, you can use the CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentCulture property to change the culture of an AppDomain.
For versions prior to 4.5 you have to use reflection to manipulate the culture of an AppDomain. There is a private static field on CultureInfo (m_userDefaultCulture in .NET 2.0 mscorlib, s_userDefaultCulture in .NET 4.0 mscorlib) that controls what CurrentCulture returns if a thread has not set that property on itself.
This does not change the native thread locale and it is probably not a good idea to ship code that changes the culture this way. It may be useful for testing though.

This gets asked a lot. Basically, no there isn't, not for .NET 4.0. You have to do it manually at the start of each new thread (or ThreadPool function). You could perhaps store the culture name (or just the culture object) in a static field to save having to hit the DB, but that's about it.

If you are using resources, you can manually force it by:
Resource1.Culture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("fr");
In the resource manager, there is an auto generated code that is as follows:
/// <summary>
/// Overrides the current thread's CurrentUICulture property for all
/// resource lookups using this strongly typed resource class.
/// </summary>
[global::System.ComponentModel.EditorBrowsableAttribute(global::System.ComponentModel.EditorBrowsableState.Advanced)]
internal static global::System.Globalization.CultureInfo Culture {
get {
return resourceCulture;
}
set {
resourceCulture = value;
}
}
Now every time you refer to your individual string within this resource, it overrides the culture (thread or process) with the specified resourceCulture.
You can either specify language as in "fr", "de" etc. or put the language code as in 0x0409 for en-US or 0x0410 for it-IT. For a full list of language codes please refer to: Language Identifiers and Locales

For .NET 4.5 and higher, you should use:
var culture = new CultureInfo("en-US");
CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentCulture = culture;
CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentUICulture = culture;

Actually you can set the default thread culture and UI culture, but only with Framework 4.5+
I put in this static constructor
static MainWindow()
{
CultureInfo culture = CultureInfo
.CreateSpecificCulture(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Name);
var dtf = culture.DateTimeFormat;
dtf.ShortTimePattern = (string)Microsoft.Win32.Registry.GetValue(
"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Control Panel\\International", "sShortTime", "hh:mm tt");
CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentUICulture = culture;
}
and put a breakpoint in the Convert method of a ValueConverter to see what arrived at the other end. CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture ceased to be en-US and became instead en-AU complete with my little hack to make it respect regional settings for ShortTimePattern.
Hurrah, all is well in the world! Or not. The culture parameter passed to the Convert method is still en-US. Erm, WTF?! But it's a start. At least this way
you can fix the UI culture once when your app loads
it's always accessible from CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture
string.Format("{0}", DateTime.Now) will use your customised regional settings
If you can't use version 4.5 of the framework then give up on setting CurrentUICulture as a static property of CultureInfo and set it as a static property of one of your own classes. This won't fix default behaviour of string.Format or make StringFormat work properly in bindings then walk your app's logical tree to recreate all the bindings in your app and set their converter culture.

This answer is a bit of expansion for #rastating's great answer. You can use the following code for all versions of .NET without any worries:
public static void SetDefaultCulture(CultureInfo culture)
{
Type type = typeof (CultureInfo);
try
{
// Class "ReflectionContext" exists from .NET 4.5 onwards.
if (Type.GetType("System.Reflection.ReflectionContext", false) != null)
{
type.GetProperty("DefaultThreadCurrentCulture")
.SetValue(System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture,
culture, null);
type.GetProperty("DefaultThreadCurrentUICulture")
.SetValue(System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture,
culture, null);
}
else //.NET 4 and lower
{
type.InvokeMember("s_userDefaultCulture",
BindingFlags.SetField | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static,
null,
culture,
new object[] {culture});
type.InvokeMember("s_userDefaultUICulture",
BindingFlags.SetField | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static,
null,
culture,
new object[] {culture});
type.InvokeMember("m_userDefaultCulture",
BindingFlags.SetField | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static,
null,
culture,
new object[] {culture});
type.InvokeMember("m_userDefaultUICulture",
BindingFlags.SetField | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static,
null,
culture,
new object[] {culture});
}
}
catch
{
// ignored
}
}
}

DefaultThreadCurrentCulture and DefaultThreadCurrentUICulture are present in Framework 4.0 too, but they are Private. Using Reflection you can easily set them. This will affect all threads where CurrentCulture is not explicitly set (running threads too).
Public Sub SetDefaultThreadCurrentCulture(paCulture As CultureInfo)
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.GetType().GetProperty("DefaultThreadCurrentCulture").SetValue(Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture, paCulture, Nothing)
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.GetType().GetProperty("DefaultThreadCurrentUICulture").SetValue(Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture, paCulture, Nothing)
End Sub

Working solution to set CultureInfo for all threads and windows.
Open App.xaml file and add a new "Startup" attribute to assign startup event handler for the app:
<Application ........
Startup="Application_Startup"
>
Open App.xaml.cs file and add this code to created startup handler (Application_Startup in this case). The class App will look like this:
public partial class App : Application
{
private void Application_Startup(object sender, StartupEventArgs e)
{
CultureInfo cultureInfo = CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo("en-US");
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentCulture = cultureInfo;
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentUICulture = cultureInfo;
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = cultureInfo;
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = cultureInfo;
}
}

For ASP.NET5, i.e. ASPNETCORE, you can do the following in configure:
app.UseRequestLocalization(new RequestLocalizationOptions
{
DefaultRequestCulture = new RequestCulture(new CultureInfo("en-gb")),
SupportedCultures = new List<CultureInfo>
{
new CultureInfo("en-gb")
},
SupportedUICultures = new List<CultureInfo>
{
new CultureInfo("en-gb")
}
});
Here's a series of blog posts that gives more information:
How ASP.NET 5 determines the culture settings for localization
Allowing user to set culture settings in ASP.NET 5:
Part 1
Part 2

Here is the solution for c# MVC:
First : Create a custom attribute and override method like this:
public class CultureAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
{
// Retreive culture from GET
string currentCulture = filterContext.HttpContext.Request.QueryString["culture"];
// Also, you can retreive culture from Cookie like this :
//string currentCulture = filterContext.HttpContext.Request.Cookies["cookie"].Value;
// Set culture
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo(currentCulture);
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture(currentCulture);
}
}
Second : In App_Start, find FilterConfig.cs, add this attribute. (this works for WHOLE application)
public class FilterConfig
{
public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters)
{
// Add custom attribute here
filters.Add(new CultureAttribute());
}
}
That's it !
If you want to define culture for each controller/action in stead of whole application, you can use this attribute like this:
[Culture]
public class StudentsController : Controller
{
}
Or:
[Culture]
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}

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