Routing Controllers asp.net mvc - c#

In our application users can create objects and give them a name. This data is stored in the database with a typeId. I have an api controller that can currently be called, with a name like
api/data
This controller has the basic Get, Put, Post and Delete methods.
Now i would like users to be able to call this controller by object type. So if they setup 3 different objects and call them company, contact and project, i would like them to be able to call the api/data controller, using these names, similar to this
api/company
api/contact
api/project
I do not know these object types unitl runtime, so i cannot code these manually.
Now i also have other controllers that i do not want effected by this, so if i have a normal controller called page, then i still want to be able to call it by
api/page
Is there a way i can do this? Almost intercept a call to a controller, see if the name is equal to a name i have in the database, and if so pass it to the data controller, else let it process as normal.

As far as you are using api controller, you may play with RoutePrefix and Route annotations. For example:
[RoutePrefix("api")]
public class DataController : ApiController
{
[Route("company")]
public IEnumerable<CompanyViewModel> GetCompanies()
{
....
}
}
But this may conflict with default route definition. If so, try to specifically define your routes for this controller:
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "CompanyApi",
routeTemplate: "api/company/{id}",
defaults: new {controller = "DataController" , id = RouteParameter.Optional}
);

You would need to add a route for each object in your db, or rather each object not from the db, and have all others route to a default path. You may want to look at using regex with your routing, if you are able to prefix the object names at all.

I think you should
HomeController:
ActionResult Index(string name)
{
// check if name exists in DB
}
I didn't see other way to do what you want even by editing routes... or maybe if you do routes with DB but well...

Web API routing uses fall-through logic, so start off by declaring your known routes first, then have a generic handler to catch all other requests and handle them accordingly. For example, use the following code when setting up your HttpConfiguration:
// Define all known routes using attributes.
config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();
// Generic route to handle all other requests
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DynamicRoute",
routeTemplate: "api/{dataType}",
defaults: new { controller = "data" }
);
Then in your DataController you can have actions that take the dataType as a parameter:
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> Get(string dataType, ...)
{ ... }

I have managed to do what i want by using RoutePrefix attribute on controller with an extra MapRoute, with a constraint applied to it.
Here is the code, if someone else is trying to do something similar
First add a routePrefix to the controller that you want to call
[RoutePrefix("api/{myCustomName}")]
public MyController : ApiController {
}
Now in my WebApiConfig file, i needed to add the following lines
// Web API routes
config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();
// handle calling MyController using custom name
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "ModuleDataApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{myCustomName}/{id}",
defaults: new { controller = "MyController" },
constraints: new { moduleType = new MyCustomRouteConstraint() }
);
Now create the constraint that checks if there is a valid match. In my code, i have populated a text file with the details if the file doesnt exist, and i will delete/refresh this when a new custom name is added. I believe this would perform better then a database query everytime, since i would probably have about 20 name/value pairs in here at the very most.
So create your constraint like so
public class MyCustomRouteConstraint : IHttpRouteConstraint
{
private DbContext _context;
private static object fileLockObject = new object();
public MyCustomRouteConstraint ()
{
_context = new DbContext();
}
public bool Match(System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage request, IHttpRoute route, string parameterName, IDictionary<string, object> values, HttpRouteDirection routeDirection)
{
var appDataPath = System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.MapPath("~/App_Data/CustomNameRouteCache.txt");
// lock variable so no 2 or more threads can try to create file at once
lock (fileLockObject)
{
var list = new List<MyRouteModel>();
// check if our cache file exists, if not, lets create it
if (!File.Exists(appDataPath))
{
using (var writer = new System.IO.StreamWriter(appDataPath))
{
// get all modules
var names = _context.CustomNames.ToList();
foreach (var item in names)
{
list.Add(Mapper.Map<MyRouteModel>(item));
}
// serialize the list to the file in json format
var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(list);
// write to file
writer.Write(json);
};
}
else
{
// open file and get json contents
using (var reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(appDataPath))
{
var json = reader.ReadToEnd();
list = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<MyRouteModel>>(json);
}
}
// lets search our list and see if this value is in our modules
foreach (var item in list)
{
if (item.Name.Equals(values[parameterName].ToString()))
{
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
}
Now this seems to work perfectly, i can call MyController using the following paths, or any others that are created by the user at runtime
api/company/
api/contact/
api/project/
api/whateveryouwant/
Hope this help someone else trying to do something similar

Related

Adding a new method to WebAPI gives "multiple actions" error

I have an existing WebAPI 2 project that has the current routing :
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute
(
name: "API",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}/{function}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional, function = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
The controllers consist of a generic basecontroller and derived controllers per "entity type" that implement
the routes :
[GET] api/{entity}/ <- returns an overview list of entities
[GET] api/{entity}/{id} <- returns the full entity + details
[POST] api/{entity}/{id} <- saves the entity
[DEL] api/{entity}/{id} <- deletes the entity
[POST] api/{entity}/ <- creates a new entity
[POST] api/{entity}/{id}/{function} <- performs a function on an entity (eg. recalculate, send orders,..)
Now i want to add a new method to my basecontroller to be able to get the "count" for an overviewlist. So basically
[GET] api/{entity}/count
I've added the following route to the webapi config :
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute
(
name: "count",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/", defaults: new { action = "count" }
);
and added a method to my controller:
[HttpGet]
public async Task<int> Count()
{
return 5;//just a fixed testvalue
}
If i now browse to /api/{entity}/count , i get the value "5" returned.
But the problem is that the overviewlist /api/{entity}/ is no longer working. It says :
ExceptionMessage: "Multiple actions were found that match the request"
I've tried paying around with the "Route" attribute and and the order of the routes, but I cannot get it as I want (which is: everything working like before + the addition of the "count" in the API). I've also looked around on SO and found threads like How to add custom methods to ASP.NET WebAPI controller? but I still can't get working :(
Any idea ?
Thnx.
This is because /{id}/{function} are defined as optional parameters to the API route and both routes matches the url provided.
There is no need to define another route for that just define the method in the controller and decorate it with [HttpGet] attribute and you should be fine.
The new route you configured for your count action enter in conflict with [GET] api/{entity}/ when /count is not specified.
You can remove your new route and use the default /api/{controller}/{action} which will call your count method when you call the url /api/{entity}/count
After a great deal of searching around I've cooked up the following solution that doesn't need any new routes
and is more "RESTfull" according to my searches.
I've opted for the /api{entity}?count query parameter and passing the count in a response header "X-Total-Count".
But the problem is, my exisitng GET method already returns a Generic IList which I cannot just change
without breaking the API. I can also not just return an "object" which is a list or and int, depending on whether
the "count" queryparameter is supplied, because that breaks the Swagger documentation (it no longer sees the returntype)
I've made a new class CountList :
public interface IHasCount
{
int TotalCount { get; }
}
public class CountList<T> : List<T>, IHasCount
{
public int TotalCount { get; set; }
public CountList(int count)
{
TotalCount = count;
}
public CountList(IList<T> list )
{
this.AddRange(list);
this.TotalCount = list.Count;
}
}
A nice side-effect of inheriting fromù the List is that the extra information is stripped off during json-serialization
so I can safely return a Countlist instead of a List, and existing clients won't now the difference !
Then for extracting the count out of the Countlist and put it into a response header, I made a small action filter:
public class GetCountFilter : ActionFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnActionExecuted(HttpActionExecutedContext actionExecutedContext)
{
base.OnActionExecuted(actionExecutedContext);
var counter = (actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.Response.Content as ObjectContent)?.Value as IHasCount;
if (counter != null)
actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.Response.Headers.Add("X-Total-Count", counter.TotalCount.ToString());
}
}
And then I've decorated my Get method :
[HttpGet]
[GetCountFilter]
public async Task<CountList<T>> GetOverview()
{
//special case, we only need the count !
if (ServerContext.QueryFilter.CountOnly) //custom object that parses the queryParameters
{
//todo, but out of scope here,, make a real Count method in the manager that actually executes a count query instead of fetching the whole list
var count = (await _entityManager.GetOverview()).Count;
var result = new CountList<T>(count);
return result;
}
//return the full list
return new CountList<T>( await _entityManager.GetOverview());
}
So , as an endresult, when a client invokes /api/{entity} he gets the overview as usual, with the addidtion of the
X-Total-Count header filled in.
And when he invokes /api/{entity}?count, he gets an empty list, but the total count is still in the header !
This does the trick for me ! If I'm completely not seeing the elephant in the room, please do tell me !

Pass Parameters in OData WebApi Url

Using Web Api I have an OData EndPoint which can return Products from a database.
I have multiple databases with similar schemas, and want to pass a parameter in the URL to identify which database the Api should use.
Current Odata Endpoint:
http://localhost:62999/Products
What I want:
http://localhost:62999/999/Products
In the new Url, I pass in 999 (the database ID).
The database ID is intended to specify which database to load the product from. For example localhost:62999/999/Products('ABC123') would load product 'ABC123' from database 999, but the next request, localhost:62999/111/Products('XYZ789') would load the product 'XYZ789' from database 111.
The Url below works, but I don't like it.
localhost:62999/Products('XYZ789')?database=111
Here is the code for the controller:
public class ProductsController : ErpApiController //extends ODataController, handles disposing of database resources
{
public ProductsController(IErpService erpService) : base(erpService) { }
[EnableQuery(PageSize = 50)]
public IQueryable<ProductDto> Get(ODataQueryOptions<ProductDto> queryOptions)
{
return ErpService.Products(queryOptions);
}
[EnableQuery]
public SingleResult<ProductDto> Get([FromODataUri] string key, ODataQueryOptions<ProductDto> queryOptions)
{
var result = ErpService.Products(queryOptions).Where(p => p.StockCode == key);
return SingleResult.Create(result);
}
}
I use Ninject to resolve which implementation of IErpService to inject into the controller by binding to a service provider:
kernel.Bind<IErpService>().ToProvider(new ErpServiceProvider());
And the ErpServiceProvider inspects the url to identify the databaseId required by this request:
public class ErpServiceProvider : Provider<IErpService>
{
protected override IErpService CreateInstance(IContext context)
{
var databaseId = HttpContext.Current.Request["database"];
return new SageErpService(new SageContext(GetDbConnection(databaseId)));
}
}
The bit I am stuck on is how to define the Url parameter in the OData route config.
Normal WebApi routes can have parameters defined as follows:
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
But how do I define the parameters in the OData route config?
ODataModelBuilder builder = new ODataConventionModelBuilder();
builder.EntitySet<ProductDto>("Products");
builder.EntitySet<WorkOrderDto>("WorkOrders");
config.MapODataServiceRoute(
routeName: "ODataRoute",
routePrefix: null,
model: builder.GetEdmModel());
Is this even where I should be defining the Url parameters?
I have also thought about using a Message Handler but I am not certain how this can be implemented either.
UPDATE
This question is trying to do the same thing as me: How to declare a parameter as prefix on OData
But it is not clear how the parameter is to be read from the url.
var databaseId = HttpContext.Current.Request["database"]; returns null currently. Even after updating the route config to the following:
public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
{
// Web API routes
config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "ErpApi",
routeTemplate: "{database}/{controller}"
);
// Web API configuration and services
ODataModelBuilder builder = new ODataConventionModelBuilder();
builder.EntitySet<ProductDto>("Products");
builder.EntitySet<WorkOrderDto>("WorkOrders");
config.MapODataServiceRoute(
routeName: "ODataRoute",
routePrefix: "{company}/",
model: builder.GetEdmModel());
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
}
I've encountered a solution to pass dynamic parameter on OData, not sure if is the right one.
I've used this solution on a certain context, where the dynamic parameter was just to authenticate the client, but I think you can solve your problem in a similar way.
Problem: You wan't to pass a dynamic value at the URL request example: http://localhost:62999/{dynamicValue}/Products('ABC123'), but the ODataRouting will never route correctly, because of that extra /{dynamicValue} and the ODataControler "will not hit".
Using ApiController you could made a custom routing, but at OData you can't (at least I didn't found an easy way to do it, probably you had to made your own or extend the OData routing convention).
So as alternative solution:
If every request will have a dynamicValue for example: "http://localhost:62999/{dynamicValue}/Products" do the following steps:
Before routing the request Extract the dynamicValue (In my case, I've used an IAuthenticationFilter to intercept the message before it was routed, since the parameter was related with authorization, but maybe for your case it makes more sense to use another thing)
Store the dynamicValue (somewhere on the request context)
Route the ODataController without the {dynamicValue}.
/Products('ABC123') instead of /{dynamicValue}/Products('ABC123')
Here is the code:
// Register the ServiceRoute
public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
{
// Register the filter that will intercept the request before it is rooted to OData
config.Filters.Add(CustomAuthenticationFilter>()); // If your dynamic parameter is related with Authentication use an IAuthenticationFilter otherwise you can register a MessageHandler for example.
// Create the default collection of built-in conventions.
var conventions = ODataRoutingConventions.CreateDefault();
config.MapODataServiceRoute(
routeName: "NameOfYourRoute",
routePrefix: null, // Here you can define a prefix if you want
model: GetEdmModel(), //Get the model
pathHandler: new CustomPathHandler(), //Using CustomPath to handle dynamic parameter
routingConventions: conventions); //Use the default routing conventions
}
// Just a filter to intercept the message before it hits the controller and to extract & store the DynamicValue
public class CustomAuthenticationFilter : IAuthenticationFilter, IFilter
{
// Extract the dynamic value
var dynamicValueStr = ((string)context.ActionContext.RequestContext.RouteData.Values["odatapath"])
.Substring(0, ((string)context.ActionContext.RequestContext.RouteData.Values["odatapath"])
.IndexOf('/')); // You can use a more "safer" way to parse
int dynamicValue;
if (int.TryParse(dynamicValueStr, out dynamicValue))
{
// TODO (this I leave it to you :))
// Store it somewhere, probably at the request "context"
// For example as claim
}
}
// Define your custom path handler
public class CustomPathHandler : DefaultODataPathHandler
{
public override ODataPath Parse(IEdmModel model, string serviceRoot, string odataPath)
{
// Code made to remove the "dynamicValue"
// This is assuming the dynamicValue is on the first "/"
int dynamicValueIndex= odataPath.IndexOf('/');
odataPath = odataPath.Substring(dynamicValueIndex + 1);
// Now OData will route the request normaly since the route will only have "/Products('ABC123')"
return base.Parse(model, serviceRoot, odataPath);
}
}
Now you should have the information of the dynamic value stored at the context of the request and OData should route correctly to the ODataController. Once your there at your method, you can access the request context to get information about the "dynamic value" and use it to choose the correct database
These APIs have likely changed quite a bit since this original post. But I was able to accomplish this by making the default data route prefix contain the parameter:
b.MapODataServiceRoute("odata", "odata/{customerName}", GetEdmModel());
In my scenario, I have a database per customer, so I want the route prefix to accept the name of the customer (database):
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
...
app.UseMvc(b =>
{
b.MapODataServiceRoute("odata", "odata/{customerName}", GetEdmModel());
});
}
Example controller (note customerName parameter on the action):
public class BooksController : ODataController
{
private IContextResolver _contextResolver;
public BooksController(IContextResolver contextResolver)
{
_contextResolver = contextResolver;
}
[EnableQuery]
public IActionResult Get(string customerName)
{
var context = _contextResolver.Resolve(customerName);
return Ok(context.Books);
}
}
Then you can hit the URL like: https://localhost/odata/acmecorp/Books

Get route by name

I'm working on an asp.net web api with hypermedia. Now I'm making a link creator that creates a link to a resource exposed by a controller. It should support attribute routes, which I've solved with reflection, but also mapped routes specified in Owin.AppBuilder:
public void Configuration(IAppBuilder appBuilder)
{
var config = new HttpConfiguration();
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "{controller}/{id}",
defaults: new { controller = "Home", id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
// ...
}
I could use the UrlHelper class for this, but it depends on the current request, and the link I'm creating could be to another controller, and thus have no relationship with the current request. So what I need is to load the route configuration data for the route named DefaultApi. Is it any way to do this?
If you can use Route Attribute, you can name your route via a name property, what I did is I defined my routes in RoutesHelper and when I define my controller route, I reference this constant, and when I want to use CreatedAtRoute for example I reference the same routeName and pass the parameters to construct the route.
So let's say that my controller is called PeopleController, then I would define my controller as:
[Route("api/people/{id:int:min(1)?}", Name = RoutesHelper.RouteNames.People)]
public class PeopleController : ApiController
{
// controller code here
}
where RoutesHelper is like this:
public static class RoutesHelper
{
public struct RouteNames
{
public const string People = "People";
// etc...
}
}
Now in my Post method for example I use CreateAtRoute like this:
[HttpPost]
[ResponseType(typeof(PersonDto))]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> AddAsync([FromBody] personDto dto)
{
// some code to map my dto to the entity using automapper, and save the new entity goes here
//.
//.
// here, I am mapping the saved entity to dto
var added = Mapper.Map<PersonDto>(person);
// this is where I reference the route by it's name and construct the route parameters.
var response = CreatedAtRoute(RoutesHelper.RouteNames.People, new { id = added.Id }, added);
return response;
}
Hope this helps.

Api controller declaring more than one Get statement

Using the new Api Controller in MVC4, and I've found a problem. If I have the following methods:
public IEnumberable<string> GetAll()
public IEnumberable<string> GetSpecific(int i)
This will work. However, if I want to retrieve some different data of a different type, it defaults to the GetAll method, even though the $.getJSON is set to the GetAllIntegers method:
public IEnumberable<int> GetAllIntergers()
(bad naming conventions)
Is it possible for me to be able to do this?
Can I only have a single GetAll method in the Web API controller?
I think it's easier to visualise what I'm trying to achieve. Here is a snippet of code to show what I'd like to be able to do, in a single ApiController:
public IEnumerable<string> GetClients()
{ // Get data
}
public IEnumerable<string> GetClient(int id)
{ // Get data
}
public IEnumerable<string> GetStaffMember(int id)
{ // Get data
}
public IEnumerable<string> GetStaffMembers()
{ // Get data
}
This is all in the routing. The default Web API route looks like this:
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "API Default",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
With the default routing template, Web API uses the HTTP method to select the action. In result it will map a GET request with no parameters to first GetAll it can find. To work around this you need to define a route where the action name is included:
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "ActionApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
After that you can star making requests with following URL's:
api/yourapicontroller/GetClients
api/yourapicontroller/GetStaffMembers
This way you can have multiple GetAll in Controller.
One more important thing here is that with this style of routing, you must use attributes to specify the allowed HTTP methods (like [HttpGet]).
There is also an option of mixing the default Web API verb based routing with traditional approach, it is very well described here:
Web API: Mixing Traditional & Verb-Based Routing
In case someone else faces this problem. Here's how I solved this. Use the [Route] attribute on your controller to route to a specific url.
[Route("api/getClient")]
public ClientViewModel GetClient(int id)
[Route("api/getAllClients")]
public IEnumerable<ClientViewModel> GetClients()

Custom method names in ASP.NET Web API

I'm converting from the WCF Web API to the new ASP.NET MVC 4 Web API. I have a UsersController, and I want to have a method named Authenticate. I see examples of how to do GetAll, GetOne, Post, and Delete, however what if I want to add extra methods into these services? For instance, my UsersService should have a method called Authenticate where they pass in a username and password, however it doesn't work.
public class UsersController : BaseApiController
{
public string GetAll()
{
return "getall!";
}
public string Get(int id)
{
return "get 1! " + id;
}
public User GetAuthenticate(string userName, string password, string applicationName)
{
LogWriter.Write(String.Format("Received authenticate request for username {0} and password {1} and application {2}",
userName, password, applicationName));
//check if valid leapfrog login.
var decodedUsername = userName.Replace("%40", "#");
var encodedPassword = password.Length > 0 ? Utility.HashString(password) : String.Empty;
var leapFrogUsers = LeapFrogUserData.FindAll(decodedUsername, encodedPassword);
if (leapFrogUsers.Count > 0)
{
return new User
{
Id = (uint)leapFrogUsers[0].Id,
Guid = leapFrogUsers[0].Guid
};
}
else
throw new HttpResponseException("Invalid login credentials");
}
}
I can browse to myapi/api/users/ and it will call GetAll and I can browse to myapi/api/users/1 and it will call Get, however if I call myapi/api/users/authenticate?username={0}&password={1} then it will call Get (NOT Authenticate) and error:
The parameters dictionary contains a null entry for parameter 'id' of non-nullable type 'System.Int32' for method 'System.String Get(Int32)' in 'Navtrak.Services.WCF.NavtrakAPI.Controllers.UsersController'. An optional parameter must be a reference type, a nullable type, or be declared as an optional parameter.
How can I call custom method names such as Authenticate?
By default the route configuration follows RESTFul conventions meaning that it will accept only the Get, Post, Put and Delete action names (look at the route in global.asax => by default it doesn't allow you to specify any action name => it uses the HTTP verb to dispatch). So when you send a GET request to /api/users/authenticate you are basically calling the Get(int id) action and passing id=authenticate which obviously crashes because your Get action expects an integer.
If you want to have different action names than the standard ones you could modify your route definition in global.asax:
Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { action = "get", id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
Now you can navigate to /api/users/getauthenticate to authenticate the user.
This is the best method I have come up with so far to incorporate extra GET methods while supporting the normal REST methods as well. Add the following routes to your WebApiConfig:
routes.MapHttpRoute("DefaultApiWithId", "Api/{controller}/{id}", new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }, new { id = #"\d+" });
routes.MapHttpRoute("DefaultApiWithAction", "Api/{controller}/{action}");
routes.MapHttpRoute("DefaultApiGet", "Api/{controller}", new { action = "Get" }, new { httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint(HttpMethod.Get) });
routes.MapHttpRoute("DefaultApiPost", "Api/{controller}", new {action = "Post"}, new {httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint(HttpMethod.Post)});
I verified this solution with the test class below. I was able to successfully hit each method in my controller below:
public class TestController : ApiController
{
public string Get()
{
return string.Empty;
}
public string Get(int id)
{
return string.Empty;
}
public string GetAll()
{
return string.Empty;
}
public void Post([FromBody]string value)
{
}
public void Put(int id, [FromBody]string value)
{
}
public void Delete(int id)
{
}
}
I verified that it supports the following requests:
GET /Test
GET /Test/1
GET /Test/GetAll
POST /Test
PUT /Test/1
DELETE /Test/1
Note That if your extra GET actions do not begin with 'Get' you may want to add an HttpGet attribute to the method.
I am days into the MVC4 world.
For what its worth, I have a SitesAPIController, and I needed a custom method, that could be called like:
http://localhost:9000/api/SitesAPI/Disposition/0
With different values for the last parameter to get record with different dispositions.
What Finally worked for me was:
The method in the SitesAPIController:
// GET api/SitesAPI/Disposition/1
[ActionName("Disposition")]
[HttpGet]
public Site Disposition(int disposition)
{
Site site = db.Sites.Where(s => s.Disposition == disposition).First();
return site;
}
And this in the WebApiConfig.cs
// this was already there
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
// this i added
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "Action",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{disposition}"
);
For as long as I was naming the {disposition} as {id} i was encountering:
{
"Message": "No HTTP resource was found that matches the request URI 'http://localhost:9000/api/SitesAPI/Disposition/0'.",
"MessageDetail": "No action was found on the controller 'SitesAPI' that matches the request."
}
When I renamed it to {disposition} it started working. So apparently the parameter name is matched with the value in the placeholder.
Feel free to edit this answer to make it more accurate/explanatory.
Web Api by default expects URL in the form of api/{controller}/{id}, to override this default routing. you can set routing with any of below two ways.
First option:
Add below route registration in WebApiConfig.cs
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "CustomApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
Decorate your action method with HttpGet and parameters as below
[HttpGet]
public HttpResponseMessage ReadMyData(string param1,
string param2, string param3)
{
// your code here
}
for calling above method url will be like below
http://localhost:[yourport]/api/MyData/ReadMyData?param1=value1&param2=value2&param3=value3
Second option
Add route prefix to Controller class and Decorate your action method with HttpGet as below.
In this case no need change any WebApiConfig.cs. It can have default routing.
[RoutePrefix("api/{controller}/{action}")]
public class MyDataController : ApiController
{
[HttpGet]
public HttpResponseMessage ReadMyData(string param1,
string param2, string param3)
{
// your code here
}
}
for calling above method url will be like below
http://localhost:[yourport]/api/MyData/ReadMyData?param1=value1&param2=value2&param3=value3
In case you're using ASP.NET 5 with ASP.NET MVC 6, most of these answers simply won't work because you'll normally let MVC create the appropriate route collection for you (using the default RESTful conventions), meaning that you won't find any Routes.MapRoute() call to edit at will.
The ConfigureServices() method invoked by the Startup.cs file will register MVC with the Dependency Injection framework built into ASP.NET 5: that way, when you call ApplicationBuilder.UseMvc() later in that class, the MVC framework will automatically add these default routes to your app. We can take a look of what happens behind the hood by looking at the UseMvc() method implementation within the framework source code:
public static IApplicationBuilder UseMvc(
[NotNull] this IApplicationBuilder app,
[NotNull] Action<IRouteBuilder> configureRoutes)
{
// Verify if AddMvc was done before calling UseMvc
// We use the MvcMarkerService to make sure if all the services were added.
MvcServicesHelper.ThrowIfMvcNotRegistered(app.ApplicationServices);
var routes = new RouteBuilder
{
DefaultHandler = new MvcRouteHandler(),
ServiceProvider = app.ApplicationServices
};
configureRoutes(routes);
// Adding the attribute route comes after running the user-code because
// we want to respect any changes to the DefaultHandler.
routes.Routes.Insert(0, AttributeRouting.CreateAttributeMegaRoute(
routes.DefaultHandler,
app.ApplicationServices));
return app.UseRouter(routes.Build());
}
The good thing about this is that the framework now handles all the hard work, iterating through all the Controller's Actions and setting up their default routes, thus saving you some redundant work.
The bad thing is, there's little or no documentation about how you could add your own routes. Luckily enough, you can easily do that by using either a Convention-Based and/or an Attribute-Based approach (aka Attribute Routing).
Convention-Based
In your Startup.cs class, replace this:
app.UseMvc();
with this:
app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
// Route Sample A
routes.MapRoute(
name: "RouteSampleA",
template: "MyOwnGet",
defaults: new { controller = "Items", action = "Get" }
);
// Route Sample B
routes.MapRoute(
name: "RouteSampleB",
template: "MyOwnPost",
defaults: new { controller = "Items", action = "Post" }
);
});
Attribute-Based
A great thing about MVC6 is that you can also define routes on a per-controller basis by decorating either the Controller class and/or the Action methods with the appropriate RouteAttribute and/or HttpGet / HttpPost template parameters, such as the following:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc;
namespace MyNamespace.Controllers
{
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class ItemsController : Controller
{
// GET: api/items
[HttpGet()]
public IEnumerable<string> Get()
{
return GetLatestItems();
}
// GET: api/items/5
[HttpGet("{num}")]
public IEnumerable<string> Get(int num)
{
return GetLatestItems(5);
}
// GET: api/items/GetLatestItems
[HttpGet("GetLatestItems")]
public IEnumerable<string> GetLatestItems()
{
return GetLatestItems(5);
}
// GET api/items/GetLatestItems/5
[HttpGet("GetLatestItems/{num}")]
public IEnumerable<string> GetLatestItems(int num)
{
return new string[] { "test", "test2" };
}
// POST: /api/items/PostSomething
[HttpPost("PostSomething")]
public IActionResult Post([FromBody]string someData)
{
return Content("OK, got it!");
}
}
}
This controller will handle the following requests:
[GET] api/items
[GET] api/items/5
[GET] api/items/GetLatestItems
[GET] api/items/GetLatestItems/5
[POST] api/items/PostSomething
Also notice that if you use the two approaches togheter, Attribute-based routes (when defined) would override Convention-based ones, and both of them would override the default routes defined by UseMvc().
For more info, you can also read the following post on my blog.
See this article for a longer discussion of named actions. It also shows that you can use the [HttpGet] attribute instead of prefixing the action name with "get".
http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/web-api-routing-and-actions/routing-in-aspnet-web-api
Web APi 2 and later versions support a new type of routing, called attribute routing. As the name implies, attribute routing uses attributes to define routes. Attribute routing gives you more control over the URIs in your web API. For example, you can easily create URIs that describe hierarchies of resources.
For example:
[Route("customers/{customerId}/orders")]
public IEnumerable<Order> GetOrdersByCustomer(int customerId) { ... }
Will perfect and you don't need any extra code for example in WebApiConfig.cs.
Just you have to be sure web api routing is enabled or not in WebApiConfig.cs , if not you can activate like below:
// Web API routes
config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();
You don't have to do something more or change something in WebApiConfig.cs. For more details you can have a look this article.
Just modify your WebAPIConfig.cs as bellow
Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { action = "get", id = RouteParameter.Optional });
Then implement your API as bellow
// GET: api/Controller_Name/Show/1
[ActionName("Show")]
[HttpGet]
public EventPlanner Id(int id){}

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