Develop Reference

Not sure how to handle exceptions using try catch if element was not found

I am trying to handle the error message on login page by clearing the Username field from the entered input.
Here is my code:
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using System;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using TestProject.Common.Extensions;
using TestProject.SDK;
using TestProject.SDK.Tests;
using TestProject.SDK.Tests.Helpers;
namespace SecondTest
{
public class LoginTest : IWebTest
{
public object Assert { get; private set; }
public object TimeUnit { get; private set; }
public object InvalidInputErrorTxt { get; private set; }
public bool IWebelement { get; private set; }
public bool ErrorMsg { get; private set; }
public ExecutionResult Execute(WebTestHelper helper)
{
var driver = helper.Driver;
var URL = "https://www.office1.bg/login";
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(URL);
driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
driver.FindElementById("CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonAccept").Click();
driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
//Login
Pages.LoginPage LoginPage = new Pages.LoginPage(driver);
LoginPage.PerformLogin("atanas.grudev1#gmail.com", "123456789");
driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
try
{
IWebElement Level = driver.FindElementByClassName("corporal-page-list-item");
if (Level.Displayed)
{
Level.Click();
driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
driver.FindElementByClassName("corporate-login-button-wrapper").Click();
driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
return ExecutionResult.Passed;
}
else
{
IWebElement ErrorMsg = driver.FindElementByXPath("//*[#id='loginForm']/div/div[1]");
if (ErrorMsg.Displayed)
{
LoginPage.TxtUserName.Clear();
driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
return ExecutionResult.Failed;
}
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
return ExecutionResult.Passed;
}
}
}
Seems ExecutionResult at the beginning requires return ExecutionResult.Passed/Failed; at the end of the code, but since I have try - catch I am not sure how to get the correct result. End goal is:
If valid credentials are entered code from the first if statement should be executed and to get Passed result.
If the entered credentials are not valid the website will throw an error and if the error is present on the the screen the input from the username field should be cleared and get the Failed Result.
Thank you in advance!

A few suggestions:
In general, you want to avoid use of try-catch to control code flow whenever possible. In this case, you can use driver.FindElements() (note the plural ElementS) and check for an empty list to avoid exceptions being thrown when no element is found. This is a best practice according to the docs.
findElement should not be used to look for non-present elements, use findElements(By) and assert zero length response instead.
Setting the timeout for ImplicitWait only needs to be done once. Once set, that timeout is applied automatically every time an element is searched for. It doesn't actually wait when called... I think maybe you are confusing it with WebDriverWait?
Using ImplicitWait is not recommended by the Selenium contributors. You should instead use WebDriverWait each time you need to wait.
I would suggest you investigate and use the Page Object Model. If done right, it will save you a lot of time with code reuse, make your project much more organized, and make your test code a lot cleaner. It looks like you are trying to use something like Page Objects with your LoginPage.PerformLogin() call but all your driver.FindElement() calls should be in the appropriate page object and you should have one page object per "page".
Here's the code after implementing the first two suggestions. I'll let you do #3 and #4, if you choose to. I removed the try-catch, added new ifs, and removed all but the first ImplicitWait set.
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using TestProject.Common.Extensions;
using TestProject.SDK;
using TestProject.SDK.Tests;
using TestProject.SDK.Tests.Helpers;
namespace SecondTest
{
public class LoginTest : IWebTest
{
public object Assert { get; private set; }
public object TimeUnit { get; private set; }
public object InvalidInputErrorTxt { get; private set; }
public bool IWebelement { get; private set; }
public bool ErrorMsg { get; private set; }
public ExecutionResult Execute(WebTestHelper helper)
{
var driver = helper.Driver;
var URL = "https://www.office1.bg/login";
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(URL);
driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
driver.FindElementById("CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonAccept").Click();
//Login
Pages.LoginPage LoginPage = new Pages.LoginPage(driver);
LoginPage.PerformLogin("atanas.grudev1#gmail.com", "123456789");
IReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement> level = driver.FindElementsByClassName("corporal-page-list-item");
if (level.Any() && level.ElementAt(0).Displayed)
{
level.ElementAt(0).Click();
driver.FindElementByClassName("corporate-login-button-wrapper").Click();
return ExecutionResult.Passed;
}
IReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement> errorMsg = driver.FindElementsByXPath("//*[#id='loginForm']/div/div[1]");
if (errorMsg.Any() && errorMsg.ElementAt(0).Displayed)
{
LoginPage.TxtUserName.Clear();
return ExecutionResult.Failed;
}
return ExecutionResult.Passed;
}
}
}
A few notes on the new code that you may not have seen before.
.Any() is an equivalent in LINQ to .Count > 0. It returns true if the list is not empty, and false otherwise.
.ElementAt() is a LINQ method that allows you to access a member of the collection by index. NOTE: Even though it has "Element" in the name, it has nothing to do with WebElement or Selenium.
Let me know if you have any questions.

Object Reference not set to an instance of an object error C# Class selenium webdriver [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
What is a NullReferenceException, and how do I fix it?
(27 answers)
Closed 3 years ago.
I have a class called Driver and I'm trying to five its attributes to another class, so I can use it for the Locators, but it is giving me this error on the driver from the locator.
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Remote;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;
namespace AutomationTest
{
public class BaseLocator
{
public static RemoteWebDriver driver;
public static WebDriverWait wait;
public IWebElement SearchBox => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("#twotabsearchtextbox");
public IWebElement SearchButton => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("span#nav-search-submit-text + input");
public IWebElement GoToShoppingButton => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("#nav-cart-count");
public IWebElement GoToYourAmazonButton => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("a#nav-your-amazon");
}
}
and I have Driver set up as:
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Remote;
namespace AutomationTest
{
public class Driver
{
public RemoteWebDriver SetUp()
{
RemoteWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
return driver;
}
}
}

You need to initialize driver. Unless you plan on having multiple things to setup in the driver class, it's unnecessary (don't over think it).
this example initializes the driver object inline with the definition.
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Remote;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;
namespace AutomationTest
{
public class BaseLocator
{
public static RemoteWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
//public static WebDriverWait wait; //TODO: Initialize variable as above
public IWebElement SearchBox => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("#twotabsearchtextbox");
public IWebElement SearchButton => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("span#nav-search-submit-text + input");
public IWebElement GoToShoppingButton => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("#nav-cart-count");
public IWebElement GoToYourAmazonButton => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("a#nav-your-amazon");
}
}
while this example initializes it via the default constructor method:
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Remote;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;
namespace AutomationTest
{
public class BaseLocator
{
public static RemoteWebDriver driver;
//public static WebDriverWait wait;
public BaseLocator()
{
driver = new ChromeDriver();
}
public IWebElement SearchBox => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("#twotabsearchtextbox");
public IWebElement SearchButton => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("span#nav-search-submit-text + input");
public IWebElement GoToShoppingButton => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("#nav-cart-count");
public IWebElement GoToYourAmazonButton => driver.FindElementByCssSelector("a#nav-your-amazon");
}
}
If you don't need driver outside of the BaseLocator class, then you should consider making it private. Not sure it needs to be declared as a static member either.
I'm unfamiliar with Selenium, so I approached this from a C# language angle- but it should get you down the track.
recommended reading on constructors: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/programming-guide/classes-and-structs/using-constructors

ML.NET to predict New York taxi fares - Program does not contain a static 'Main' method suitable for an entry point [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
Can't specify the 'async' modifier on the 'Main' method of a console app
(20 answers)
Closed 4 years ago.
I was trying to do the example of ML.net to predict New York taxi fares, but when I finished the tutorial had the message: Program does not contain a static 'Main' method suitable for an entry point
Here the code that I did:
Class Program.cs
using System;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.ML;
using Microsoft.ML.Data;
using Microsoft.ML.Models;
using Microsoft.ML.Trainers;
using Microsoft.ML.Transforms;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace TaxiFarePrediction2
{
public class Program
{
static readonly string _datapath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "Data", "taxi-fare-train.csv");
static readonly string _testdatapath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "Data", "taxi-fare-test.csv");
static readonly string _modelpath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "Data", "Model.zip");
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
PredictionModel<TaxiTrip, TaxiTripFarePrediction> model = await Train();
Evaluate(model);
TaxiTripFarePrediction prediction = model.Predict(TestTrips.Trip1);
Console.WriteLine("Predicted fare: {0}, actual fare: 29.5", prediction.FareAmount);
}
public static async Task<PredictionModel<TaxiTrip, TaxiTripFarePrediction>> Train()
{
var pipeline = new LearningPipeline
{
new TextLoader(_datapath).CreateFrom<TaxiTrip>(useHeader: true, separator: ','),
new ColumnCopier(("FareAmount", "Label")),
new CategoricalOneHotVectorizer(
"VendorId",
"RateCode",
"PaymentType"),
new ColumnConcatenator(
"Features",
"VendorId",
"RateCode",
"PassengerCount",
"TripDistance",
"PaymentType"),
new FastTreeRegressor()
};
PredictionModel<TaxiTrip, TaxiTripFarePrediction> model = pipeline.Train<TaxiTrip, TaxiTripFarePrediction>();
await model.WriteAsync(_modelpath);
return model;
}
private static void Evaluate(PredictionModel<TaxiTrip, TaxiTripFarePrediction> model)
{
var testData = new TextLoader(_testdatapath).CreateFrom<TaxiTrip>(useHeader: true, separator: ',');
var evaluator = new RegressionEvaluator();
RegressionMetrics metrics = evaluator.Evaluate(model, testData);
Console.WriteLine($"Rms = {metrics.Rms}");
Console.WriteLine($"RSquared = {metrics.RSquared}");
}
}
}
class TaxiTrip.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.ML.Runtime.Api;
namespace TaxiFarePrediction2
{
public class TaxiTrip
{
[Column("0")]
public string VendorId;
[Column("1")]
public string RateCode;
[Column("2")]
public float PassengerCount;
[Column("3")]
public float TripTime;
[Column("4")]
public float TripDistance;
[Column("5")]
public string PaymentType;
[Column("6")]
public float FareAmount;
}
public class TaxiTripFarePrediction
{
[ColumnName("Score")]
public float FareAmount;
}
}
class TestTrips.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.ML.Runtime.Api;
namespace TaxiFarePrediction2
{
public class TaxiTrip
{
[Column("0")]
public string VendorId;
[Column("1")]
public string RateCode;
[Column("2")]
public float PassengerCount;
[Column("3")]
public float TripTime;
[Column("4")]
public float TripDistance;
[Column("5")]
public string PaymentType;
[Column("6")]
public float FareAmount;
}
public class TaxiTripFarePrediction
{
[ColumnName("Score")]
public float FareAmount;
}
}
The tutorial is in : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/machine-learning/tutorials/taxi-fare
please help me to do this example.

Main method can not support asycn before c# 7.1, You can start main once and than create tasks in main method that can be async if you are using earlier versions.
You can writesomething mentioned by Chris Moschini
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Task.Run(async () =>
{
// Do any async anything you need here without worry
}).GetAwaiter().GetResult();
}
The link you posted clearly mention about c# version specified ...
Because the async Main method is the feature added in C# 7.1 and the default language version of the project is C# 7.0, you need to change the language vers
ion to C# 7.1 or higher. To do that, right-click the project node in Solution Explorer and select Properties. Select the Build tab and select the Advanced button. In the dropdown, select C# 7.1 (or a higher version). Select the OK button.
A good read on main with async

Error CS0103: The name 'TimeSpan' does not exist in the current context (CS0103) (testingProgram)?

I am trying to create tests in C# with selenium driver in visual studio. I get the following error. Error CS0103: The name 'TimeSpan' does not exist in the current context (CS0103) (testingProgram) ?? I also have a second error displayed in the images provided. The code uses the PageObjectPattern >> https://www.automatetheplanet.com/page-object-pattern/
Btw I am using a mac. I have added some images to help better describe the situation.The following images show both files. Can someone please try to run in on their end to see if it works.
How do I fix this? Can someone try and run the program to see if it is running on their end?? How do I get this program to run successfully?
here is the following code-
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;
[TestClass]
public class SearchEngineTests
{
public IWebDriver Driver { get; set; }
public WebDriverWait Wait { get; set; }
[TestInitialize]
public void SetupTest()
{
this.Driver = new FirefoxDriver();
this.Wait = new WebDriverWait(this.Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
}
[TestCleanup]
public void TeardownTest()
{
this.Driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void SearchTextInSearchEngine_First()
{
SearchEngineMainPage searchEngineMainPage = new SearchEngineMainPage(this.Driver);
searchEngineMainPage.Navigate();
searchEngineMainPage.Search("Automate The Planet");
searchEngineMainPage.ValidateResultsCount("264,000 RESULTS");
}
}
here is the second file-
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.PageObjects;
public class SearchEngineMainPage
{
private readonly IWebDriver driver;
private readonly string url = #"searchEngineUrl";
[FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = "sb_form_q")]
public IWebElement SearchBox { get; set; }
[FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = "sb_form_go")]
public IWebElement GoButton { get; set; }
[FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = "b_tween")]
public IWebElement ResultsCountDiv { get; set; }
public void Navigate()
{
this.driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(this.url);
}
public void Search(string textToType)
{
this.SearchBox.Clear();
this.SearchBox.SendKeys(textToType);
this.GoButton.Click();
}
public void ValidateResultsCount(string expectedCount)
{
Assert.IsTrue(this.ResultsCountDiv.Text.Contains(expectedCount), "The results DIV doesn't contains the specified text.");
}
}

Okay, so, in both cases, the error message tells you exactly what's missing.
First, TimeSpan is in the System namespace, and there is no using System; in there, so the compiler can't find it.
Second, SearchEngineMainPage doesn't have a constructor that takes a single parameter (in fact it doesn't have a constructor at all, so the compiler generates one for you, but that one takes no parameters, so it's still not good).

Selenium C# parallel testing using single driver\browser

I have a project which uses the page object model and I've edited it to try and use parallel testing with Nunit. However when I run one single test it will launch a second unwanted browser. I think this is where I'm initiating my page at the beginning of the test.
The files I have are a Base class for the driver:
namespace ParallelTests
{
public class Base
{
public static IWebDriver Driver { get; set; }
}
}
A hooks file to setup the driver:
namespace ParallelTests
{
public class Hooks : Base
{
public Hooks()
{
Driver = new ChromeDriver(#"D:\Data\user\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\ParallelTests\ParallelTests\bin");
}
}
}
The page file:
namespace ParallelTests
{
class PageObject_LoggedIn : Hooks
{
public PageObject_LoggedIn()
{
PageFactory.InitElements(Driver, this);
}
[FindsBy(How = How.Id, Using = "lst-ib")]
public IWebElement SearchBox = null;
public void Search()
{
SearchBox.SendKeys("Deep Purple");
SearchBox.SendKeys(Keys.Enter);
}
}
}
And the test itself:
[TestFixture]
[Parallelizable]
public class ChromeTesting : Hooks
{
[Test]
public void ChromegGoogleTest()
{
PageObject_LoggedIn loggedIn = new PageObject_LoggedIn();
Driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.google.co.uk");
loggedIn.Search();
}
}
I think it's PageObject_LoggedIn loggedIn = new PageObject_LoggedIn(); in the test which is launching the second browser but I'm not sure how to rectify it.
This is an extension to an original issue, but is treated as a separate issue