Develop Reference

how to create a VS2015 project inside a specific directory with a specific projectname?

Not sure how to describe my question and ok here it goes:
We already have some existing projects created and under TFS source control.
A typical project is then stored locally as:
SomeDir\SomeNameSpace.SomeName\ProjectName\
then the csproj and sln file inside that directory will be named: SomeNameSpace.SomeName.ProjectName
Now when I want to create that same setup using Visual Studio it goes horribly wrong:
I have tried all possible options on creating a project and either it creates an extra SomeNameSpace.SomeName.ProjectName folder extra under the ProjectName directory and puts the sln and csproj inside that dir or I can create a Project under the proper ProjectName dir only then the name of the sln and csproj files will be ProjectName.snl/csproj which is neither what I want.
Renaming them of course would be the logical thing to do, however, doing that causes the sln to go corrupt. When I try to reopen it will throw a Save as DevEnv.sln in my face and that is not what I want.
Edit: Of course I have renamed inside the sln and csproj file which neither led me to the solution
So how can I create a new VS2015 solution that will nicely sit under
\SomeDir\SomeNamespace.SomeName\ProjectName\ with
SomeNameSpace.SomeName.ProjectName.sln and
SomeNameSpace.SomeName.ProjectName.csproj as it's name?
What am I missing, that it seems impossible to achive this in a simple manner?

Create the Project from the New Project VS Window. The settings you need are:
Name: ProjectName
Do NOT create directory for solution
This should create the csproj and sln files in the appropriate directory.
From here, right clic on the project in Solution Explorer -> Rename -> SomeNameSpace.SomeName.ProjectName
This way, the solution reference will be updated too.
Now, rename the solution too, from Solution Explorer.
File menu, Save All. This saves both the project AND the solution.
And I think that's it.

You should in your new project window have it look like this
Please note the highlighted aria is unticked

Ok we have figured it out.
The solution as posted by A. Chiesa was almost right.
The solution, projects and namespaces need to be set.
- Rename the Solution within the "Solution Explorer" for example name it "NameSpace.SomeName.ProjectName"
- Rename the Project within the "Solution Explorer" for example also name it "NameSpace.SomeName.ProjectName"
- Go to the project properties and rename within Application the "Assembly name:" for example also name it "NameSpace.SomeName.ProjectName"
- Go to the project properties and rename within Application the "Default namespace:" for example also name it "NameSpace.SomeName.ProjectName"
Then if you are lucky, you can use Resharper to rename the namespace for all files throughout your project or you have to do it manually (depending on files count can be a very tedious job to do).
That should do it.
Thanks everyone for your input and advice.
Best regard,
Ed

Altering 1 C# controller file

I've worked with PHP but never C#, and I need to make 1 change to a file, and was hoping I could get some guidance, or suggested resources to learn more.
I have 1 cs controller file where I want to change the [Authorize(Roles="A")] to [Authorize(Roles="A,B")]
I made the change but nothing happens, so I've come to the conclusion that this cs file probably needs to be compiled.
The question is, is there a way to compile this one file? Or does the entire site need to be compiled?
When I open the cs files, it opens with "Visual Studio Tools For Application 2.0 2008".
Is this sufficient to make the changes?
My thinking is that one of the following needs to happen:
Scenario 1:
Open the .cs file in the appropriate compiler (of which I do not know
what it is) Compile it and copy the newly compiled file into the
appropriate folder.
Scenario 2:
Open the whole project in a compiler - of which I'm guessing the
".csproj" file to open. Compile the whole project Copy the desired
compiled file to replace the old file.
Scenario 2b:
Open the whole project in a compiler - of which I'm guessing the
".csproj" file to open. Compile the whole project Copy everything
back to the server.
Scenario 3:
The code I have is not sufficient to do the changes, and I need some
other source code.
That's all I've got, if someone can suggestion which one(s) may be on the right track, and how I may go about doing this, it would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks

The fact you are talking about a Controller would strongly suggest you are working on an ASP .NET MVC project. You will have a .sln file which is a solution file which is the master document if you will:
YourWebsiteSolution.sln
YourWebsiteProject.csproj
YourController.cs
Once you open the .sln file with Visual Studio (you need to know what version but you can get the latest here: Download VS2012 Web Express). You can the choose Build -> Build -> ReBuild Solution from the menu and that will re-compile all of your .cs and associated files into DLLs that will be in your \Solution\Project\bin\Debug folder (or Release depending on build).
When you deploy to the server you only deploy the .DLL files (in this instance). You NEVER deploy the actual .cs files as they contain the code and you don't want people peeking into them (this differs from PHP where the code is on the server).
Because you have not changed any of the views you don't need to follow this step but for a full deploy you would also copy any .cshtml or .aspx files and the usual suspects such as .css and .js etc to same folders on server as on the project.
I hope that is a good starter to get you going?

Add created class file to project

I have a console application that builds some default classes for me from a database. When the files are built, I want to be able to refresh my folders and see the new files in my class library.
However no matter what I do the files don't show up unless I go in and manually add existing files. Is there a way for VS2010 to look at the file folder and add in anything that is in that folder to the project? For example:
Folder > File1.cs, File2.cs, File3.cs, File4.cs
VS2010 sees
Folder > File1.cs
How can I make VS2010 show these new classes?

Your problem is that you will only see files that are included and referenced in your .csproj file. This is by and large a good thing because it gives you ultimate control over what is taken into account in the project or not. This is causing you a problem though, because the created files which are inserted into your project directory aren't being referenced. As you have mentioned you can include the files manually, but I understand that you wish this process to be automatic.
The best way to resovle this in my opinion is instead of having a project create the files, use design-time T4 templates. Design-time T4 templates are files which resemble pre-Razor ASP.NET views, which allow code generation within your project. You can access your database, format your classes and then output .cs files directly into your project without building it. This is extremely convenient becuase it lets you work on catching compile-time errors that may come up based on the output without having to do a complete build.
More information about using T4 can be found here.
And a good walkthrough can be found here.

Haven't tried this personally, but you should be able to do it using this..
First gain a reference to your project using your apps' solution, then with the Visual Studio automation framework (DTE):
ProjectItems p = Project.ProjectItems;
p.AddFromFile("File1.cs");
Taken from: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/envdte.projectitems.addfromfile.aspx
I would read further into it.

Select the project where you can find your file
On top of your solution explorer you can select "show all files"
Select your files and include
Adding them automatically can be done from another app or script by modifying your projects .csproj/vbproj file
<Compile Include="My Project\MyClass.vb" />
This must be done in the correct itemgroup.

I think this is not directly possible. You may write a template file (t4) in order to create you cs files and they will be added to project when the transformation file is run.
In order to run the transformation file after / before build, you may write a pre/post build event.

That will require you to create a VS add-in.. you can find an example here...

Okay so I have a console application that is building some default classes for me from a database.
Can't you let this application write all classes in one file, say Proxy.cs or Entities.cs. Then every time you regenerate the file and rebuild the project, you can access the new classes.

Two C# project files for VS2010 and VS2012 in the same directory

I'm writing a C# project which I want to compile both under VS2010 and VS2012. I want to have two different .csproj files for that, even though VS2010-project can be directly included in VS2012-solution. I want two different project files because of different target .NET-versions.
Additionally, I want both projects to be named the same within different solutions for VS2010 and VS2012. The both should share the same .cs-files and, possibly, some resources.
Easy task? Strange thing, but I don't know, how to do that properly.
First approach, doesn't work: name project files as MyProject10.csproj and MyProject12.csproj, leave both in the MyProject folder. But in this case they are displayed in solution as MyProject10 and MyProject12, not simply MyProject. If I rename one to MyProject in solution explorer, it automatically renames the corresponding project file.
Second approach, works, but has drawbacks. Move project files into different subdirectories, named VS10 and VS12, manually change include paths in .csproj-files, adding ..\ as a prefix. In this case I see strange shortcut-like arrows under the icons in solution explorer.
The only bad thing for the second approach is that when I add new files in the project using solution explorer, this file is placed in the VS10 subdirectory, not in the root project directory. But it seems like project directories for .csproj-files are the directories containing the file by design, and I use the dark side of the force which I really don't want to do.
Any better ideas?

Worth giving a try is changing the name of the output assembly in both projects to one and the same. The project files are still going to be different, but the output assembly will be with same name. Also be carefull where is the output directory. I think this way you can sovle your problem.

Why does VS2010 allow for the concept of "include in project"?

I'm still learning the basics of how VS2010 sees the world. Apparently, you can optionally "include" a file in a project. I'm a bit confused by this: If a file is version-controlled, AND the file is within the project directory, shouldn't it implicitly be "included" in the project? If not, what's the use case where a version-controlled file in the project directory should NOT be included in the project?
=== Addition ===
Based on the answers I've gotten so far, maybe I should rephrased my question: What does it mean for a file to be "included" in a project?

A project needs to know about files in order for compilation and distribution to occur. Just because you have a file that's under source-control, doesn't mean that it will be compiled if the project is unaware of it.
Also, you may want to include files as part of a distribution package. We do this quite often for our web projects that we distribute using web app gallery.
Conversely, you could have documentation or sql scripts that you version control, but do not want them to be part of the project.
EDIT: In answer to your update, what it means for a file to be included in a project is that the file is actually added to the .csproj or .vbproj file and will be used during compilation and/or distribution. VS does differentiate if the file is Content or if it needs to Compile it. This can be seen by clicking on the file in Solution Explorer and looking at the Build Action property.

No, you don't want random files that happen to be in the project directory included in source control.

We do sometimes put documentation (pdfs) or drawings/schematics in the project folder and under version control but you don't need them inside the visual studio project (especially when they are not being distributed because they are for internal use only).

Excluding the file from your project can be useful if the file is related to the project but not necessarily needed in the solution.
Example
If I need some test XML for an application that i'm writing; that is designed to normally be pulling this from a WCF service, it can be useful to keep that file in the directory for a development environment where I use IO to get the XML for testing, but I don't necessarily want it in my solution which is source controlled.

When you exclude a file from a project is no longer compiled or embedded, then when you want to include it again you can do so without having lost your settings.

If you e.g. copy a file (containing a helpful class which want to have in your project) into a folder of your project, then you will see ... nothing. You have to check the option "Show all files" of the solution explorer and the copied file can be seen, but it is still "greyed out". No you can choose the menuitem Include in project and that file will be integrated in your project and a pending change (add) for your source control is added too. Visual Studio doesn't include all files it can find in the project folder automatically to the project - and that is a good feature.

One of my colleagues explained to me a scenario in which a version-controlled file should NOT be part of the project. Here's the idea:
A developer writes some new code.
The code is experimental, and not intended to be part of the normal build.
The easiest way to exclude the file from the build is to NOT include it in the project, but still version-control it.
This way, the file can be shared with other developers, but not break the build.