I would like to flip an image and create a new Texture2D of that flipped image.
I have done some research and found that this code will create a new Texture2D;
RenderTarget2D newTarget = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, partWidth, partHeight)
GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(newTarget);
SpriteBatch.Draw(original, Vector2.Zero, partSourceRectangle, ... )
GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null);
Texture2D newTexture = (Texture2D)newTarget;
I understand that the newTexture is susceptible to being removed from memory so I am advised that I need to use getData/SetData to create a more permanent texture. Could anyone advise me on the specific syntax to do this?
The next method saves flipped texture to new texture2D:
public Texture2D SaveAsFlippedTexture2D(Texture2D input, bool vertical, bool horizontal)
{
Texture2D flipped = new Texture2D(input.GraphicsDevice, input.Width, input.Height);
Color[] data = new Color[input.Width * input.Height];
Color[] flipped_data = new Color[data.Length];
input.GetData<Color>(data);
for (int x = 0; x < input.Width; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < input.Height; y++)
{
int index = 0;
if (horizontal && vertical)
index = input.Width - 1 - x + (input.Height - 1 - y) * input.Width;
else if (horizontal && !vertical)
index = input.Width - 1 - x + y * input.Width;
else if (!horizontal && vertical)
index = x + (input.Height - 1 - y) * input.Width;
else if (!horizontal && !vertical)
index = x + y * input.Width;
flipped_data[x + y * input.Width] = data[index];
}
}
flipped.SetData<Color>(flipped_data);
return flipped;
}
Example:
Load our texture then use the method, pass our texture as parameter to return new flipped texture to another texture. You can load your content inside game Update() method as well.
Texture2D texture;
Texture2D flippedTextureHorizontal;
Texture2D flippedTextureVertical;
Texture2D flippedTextureVerticalHorizontal;
protected override void LoadContent()
{
// Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures.
spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice);
texture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("kitty-cat");
flippedTextureHorizontal = SaveAsFlippedTexture2D(texture, false, true);
flippedTextureVertical = SaveAsFlippedTexture2D(texture, true, false);
flippedTextureVerticalHorizontal = SaveAsFlippedTexture2D(texture, true, true);
}
Draw method:
protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
{
GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);
spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.AlphaBlend, SamplerState.LinearWrap, DepthStencilState.None, RasterizerState.CullCounterClockwise);
spriteBatch.Draw(texture, Vector2.Zero, null, Color.White, 0.0f, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0);
spriteBatch.Draw(flippedTextureHorizontal, new Vector2(texture.Width + offset, 0), null, Color.White, 0.0f, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0);
spriteBatch.Draw(flippedTextureVertical, new Vector2(texture.Width * 2 + offset * 2, 0), null, Color.White, 0.0f, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0);
spriteBatch.Draw(flippedTextureVerticalHorizontal, new Vector2(texture.Width * 3 + offset * 3, 0), null, Color.White, 0.0f, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0);
spriteBatch.End();
base.Draw(gameTime);
}
Ouput:
The alghorithm can be found Here as well.
The same result as above can be achieved by using code below for horizontal and vertical flipping at the same time:
But not sure it will be 100% correct
test = new Texture2D(GraphicsDevice, texture.Width, texture.Height);
int size = texture.Width * texture.Height;
Color[] data = new Color[size];
texture.GetData<Color>(data);
Array.Reverse(data, texture.Width, size - texture.Width);
test.SetData<Color>(data);
Related
I want to check in Unity if the device has been rotated on all of it's axis.
So, I am reading the rotation of all the axis.
What should I do in order to validate for example that the user has "flipped" his device over the X-axis? I need to check the value, and see that they contain 0, 90, 180 and 270 degrees in a loop.
Here is part of my code:
void Update () {
float X = Input.acceleration.x;
float Y = Input.acceleration.y;
float Z = Input.acceleration.z;
xText.text = ((Mathf.Atan2(Y, Z) * 180 / Mathf.PI)+180).ToString();
yText.text = ((Mathf.Atan2(X, Z) * 180 / Mathf.PI)+180).ToString();
zText.text = ((Mathf.Atan2(X, Y) * 180 / Mathf.PI)+180).ToString();
}
The accelerometer only tells you if the acceleration of the device changes. So you will have values if the device started moving, or stopped moving. You can't retrieve its orientation from that.
Instead you need to use the gyroscope of the device. Most device have one nowadays.
Fortunately, Unity supports the gyroscope through the Gyroscope class
Simply using
Input.gyro.attitude
Will give you the orientation of the device in space, in the form of a quaternion.
To check the angles, use the eulerAngles function, for instance, is the device flipped in the x axis:
Vector3 angles = Input.gyro.attitude.eulerAngles;
bool xFlipped = angles.x > 180;
Be careful, you might have to invert some values if you want to apply the rotation in Unity (because it depend which orientation the devices uses for positive values, left or right)
// The Gyroscope is right-handed. Unity is left handed.
// Make the necessary change to the camera.
private static Quaternion GyroToUnity(Quaternion q)
{
return new Quaternion(q.x, q.y, -q.z, -q.w);
}
Here is the full example from the doc (Unity version 2017.3), in case the link above is broken. It shows how to read value from the gyroscope, and apply them to an object in Unity.
// Create a cube with camera vector names on the faces.
// Allow the device to show named faces as it is oriented.
using UnityEngine;
public class ExampleScript : MonoBehaviour
{
// Faces for 6 sides of the cube
private GameObject[] quads = new GameObject[6];
// Textures for each quad, should be +X, +Y etc
// with appropriate colors, red, green, blue, etc
public Texture[] labels;
void Start()
{
// make camera solid colour and based at the origin
GetComponent<Camera>().backgroundColor = new Color(49.0f / 255.0f, 77.0f / 255.0f, 121.0f / 255.0f);
GetComponent<Camera>().transform.position = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);
GetComponent<Camera>().clearFlags = CameraClearFlags.SolidColor;
// create the six quads forming the sides of a cube
GameObject quad = GameObject.CreatePrimitive(PrimitiveType.Quad);
quads[0] = createQuad(quad, new Vector3(1, 0, 0), new Vector3(0, 90, 0), "plus x",
new Color(0.90f, 0.10f, 0.10f, 1), labels[0]);
quads[1] = createQuad(quad, new Vector3(0, 1, 0), new Vector3(-90, 0, 0), "plus y",
new Color(0.10f, 0.90f, 0.10f, 1), labels[1]);
quads[2] = createQuad(quad, new Vector3(0, 0, 1), new Vector3(0, 0, 0), "plus z",
new Color(0.10f, 0.10f, 0.90f, 1), labels[2]);
quads[3] = createQuad(quad, new Vector3(-1, 0, 0), new Vector3(0, -90, 0), "neg x",
new Color(0.90f, 0.50f, 0.50f, 1), labels[3]);
quads[4] = createQuad(quad, new Vector3(0, -1, 0), new Vector3(90, 0, 0), "neg y",
new Color(0.50f, 0.90f, 0.50f, 1), labels[4]);
quads[5] = createQuad(quad, new Vector3(0, 0, -1), new Vector3(0, 180, 0), "neg z",
new Color(0.50f, 0.50f, 0.90f, 1), labels[5]);
GameObject.Destroy(quad);
}
// make a quad for one side of the cube
GameObject createQuad(GameObject quad, Vector3 pos, Vector3 rot, string name, Color col, Texture t)
{
Quaternion quat = Quaternion.Euler(rot);
GameObject GO = Instantiate(quad, pos, quat);
GO.name = name;
GO.GetComponent<Renderer>().material.color = col;
GO.GetComponent<Renderer>().material.mainTexture = t;
GO.transform.localScale += new Vector3(0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f);
return GO;
}
protected void Update()
{
GyroModifyCamera();
}
protected void OnGUI()
{
GUI.skin.label.fontSize = Screen.width / 40;
GUILayout.Label("Orientation: " + Screen.orientation);
GUILayout.Label("input.gyro.attitude: " + Input.gyro.attitude);
GUILayout.Label("iphone width/font: " + Screen.width + " : " + GUI.skin.label.fontSize);
}
/********************************************/
// The Gyroscope is right-handed. Unity is left handed.
// Make the necessary change to the camera.
void GyroModifyCamera()
{
transform.rotation = GyroToUnity(Input.gyro.attitude);
}
private static Quaternion GyroToUnity(Quaternion q)
{
return new Quaternion(q.x, q.y, -q.z, -q.w);
}
}
I have been trying to make my first ever game engine (in OpenTK and Im stuck. I am trying to incoperate animations and I'm trying to use sprite sheets because they would greatly decrease filesize.
I know that I need to use a for loop to draw all the sprites in sequence, but I dont have a clue about what I should do to make it work with spritesheets.
Here is my current drawing code:
//The Basis fuction for all drawing done in the application
public static void Draw (Texture2D texture, Vector2 position, Vector2 scale, Color color, Vector2 origin, RectangleF? SourceRec = null)
{
Vector2[] vertices = new Vector2[4]
{
new Vector2(0, 0),
new Vector2(1, 0),
new Vector2(1, 1),
new Vector2(0, 1),
};
GL.BindTexture(TextureTarget.Texture2D, texture.ID);
//Beginning to draw on the screen
GL.Begin(PrimitiveType.Quads);
GL.Color3(color);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
GL.TexCoord2((SourceRec.Value.Left + vertices[i].X * SourceRec.Value.Width) / texture.Width, (SourceRec.Value.Left + vertices[i].Y * SourceRec.Value.Height) / texture.Height);
vertices[i].X *= texture.Width;
vertices[i].Y *= texture.Height;
vertices[i] -= origin;
vertices[i] *= scale;
vertices[i] += position;
GL.Vertex2(vertices[i]);
}
GL.End();
}
public static void Begin(int screenWidth, int screenHeight)
{
GL.MatrixMode(MatrixMode.Projection);
GL.LoadIdentity();
GL.Ortho(-screenWidth / 2, screenWidth / 2, screenHeight / 2, -screenHeight / 2, 0f, 1f);
}
Thanks in advance!!! :)
Firstly, I beg you, abandon the fixed function pipeline. It blinds you and restricts your understanding and creativity. Move to core 3.1+, it's structural perfection is matched only by it's potentiality, and the collaborative forethought and innovation will truly move you.
Now, you'll want to store your sprite sheet images as a Texture2DArray. It took me some time to figure out how to load these correctly:
public SpriteSheet(string filename, int spriteWidth, int spriteHeight)
{
// Assign ID and get name
this.textureID = GL.GenTexture();
this.spriteSheetName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(filename);
// Bind the Texture Array and set appropriate parameters
GL.BindTexture(TextureTarget.Texture2DArray, textureID);
GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2DArray, TextureParameterName.TextureMinFilter, (int)TextureMinFilter.Nearest);
GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2DArray, TextureParameterName.TextureMagFilter, (int)TextureMagFilter.Nearest);
GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2DArray, TextureParameterName.TextureWrapS, (int)TextureWrapMode.ClampToEdge);
GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2DArray, TextureParameterName.TextureWrapT, (int)TextureWrapMode.ClampToEdge);
// Load the image file
Bitmap image = new Bitmap(#"Tiles/" + filename);
BitmapData data = image.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, image.Width, image.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
// Determine columns and rows
int spriteSheetwidth = image.Width;
int spriteSheetheight = image.Height;
int columns = spriteSheetwidth / spriteWidth;
int rows = spriteSheetheight / spriteHeight;
// Allocate storage
GL.TexStorage3D(TextureTarget3d.Texture2DArray, 1, SizedInternalFormat.Rgba8, spriteWidth, spriteHeight, rows * columns);
// Split the loaded image into individual Texture2D slices
GL.PixelStore(PixelStoreParameter.UnpackRowLength, spriteSheetwidth);
for (int i = 0; i < columns * rows; i++)
{
GL.TexSubImage3D(TextureTarget.Texture2DArray,
0, 0, 0, i, spriteWidth, spriteHeight, 1,
OpenTK.Graphics.OpenGL.PixelFormat.Bgra, PixelType.UnsignedByte,
data.Scan0 + (spriteWidth * 4 * (i % columns)) + (spriteSheetwidth * 4 * spriteHeight * (i / columns))); // 4 bytes in an Bgra value.
}
image.UnlockBits(data);
}
Then you can simply draw a quad, and the Z texture co-ordinate is the Texture2D index in the Texture2DArray. Note frag_texcoord is of type vec3.
#version 330 core
in vec3 frag_texcoord;
out vec4 outColor;
uniform sampler2DArray tex;
void main()
{
outColor = texture(tex, vec3(frag_texcoord));
}
My animation for a 37*37 resolution sprite is working swell a part from when I have both the left and right arrow key pressed down, two animations appear on top of each other.
Here is my code:
keys = Keyboard.GetState();
if (keys.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right))
{
position = new Vector2(position.X + 1.4f, position.Y);
isRight = true;
isLeft = false;
if (keys.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left))
{
isLeft = true;
isRight = false;
}
}
if (keys.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left))
{
position = new Vector2(position.X - 1.4f, position.Y);
isLeft = true;
isRight = false;
if (keys.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right))
{
isRight = true;
isLeft = false;
}
}
base.Update(gameTime);
}
protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
{
GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);
spriteBatch.Begin();
int frame = (int)((gameTime.TotalGameTime.TotalSeconds * 12) % 4);
if (keys.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right))
spriteBatch.Draw(texture, position, new Rectangle(frame * 37, 0, 37, 37), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 1.0f);
if (keys.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left))
spriteBatch.Draw(texture, position, new Rectangle(frame * 37, 0, 37, 37), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.FlipHorizontally, 1.0f);
if (keys.IsKeyUp(Keys.Left) && keys.IsKeyUp(Keys.Right))
{
if (isRight)
spriteBatch.Draw(texture, position, new Rectangle(0, 0, 37, 37), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 1.0f);
if (isLeft)
spriteBatch.Draw(texture, position, new Rectangle(0, 0, 37, 37), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.FlipHorizontally, 1.0f);
}
spriteBatch.End();
What am I doing wrong?
You have two animations appearing on top of each other because you have two separate SpriteBatch.Draw calls in your Draw method. When you press both left and right keys, both of IsKeyDown ifs are true, and both draws are executed.
Also, this post is more appropriate in https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/.
image of the problem
I used Microsoft's BasicEffect tutorial here and the code sample here: go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=198921 and got everything to work fine. Next I changed everything to use vertexPositionNormalTexture, added a few small methods to help with the texture, and was able to render a textured cube just fine. I also made the cube spin a bit. Next I wanted to try using vertexPositionNormalTexture. Unfortunately, I got this image instead of a cube. Here's some pieces of my code that contain major modifications.
Draw method
protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
{
graphics.GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.SteelBlue);
RasterizerState rasterizerState1 = new RasterizerState();
//backface culling
rasterizerState1.CullMode = CullMode.None;
//turn off texture blurring
graphics.GraphicsDevice.SamplerStates[0] = SamplerState.PointClamp;
graphics.GraphicsDevice.RasterizerState = rasterizerState1;
foreach (EffectPass pass in basicEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes)
{
pass.Apply();
graphics.GraphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(
PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
0,
12
);
}
base.Draw(gameTime);
}
Part of the method that sets up vertices
private void InitializeCube()
{
Vector3 topLeftFront = new Vector3(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Vector3 bottomLeftFront = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
Vector3 topRightFront = new Vector3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Vector3 bottomRightFront = new Vector3(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
Vector3 topLeftBack = new Vector3(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
Vector3 topRightBack = new Vector3(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
Vector3 bottomLeftBack = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
Vector3 bottomRightBack = new Vector3(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
Vector2 textureTopLeft = new Vector2(0.0f, 0.0f);
Vector2 textureTopRight = new Vector2(.25f, 0.0f);
Vector2 textureBottomLeft = new Vector2(0.0f, .25f);
Vector2 textureBottomRight = new Vector2(.25f, .25f);
Color frontColor = new Color(255, 255, 255);
Color backColor = new Color(255, 0, 0);
Color topColor = new Color(0, 255, 0);
Color bottomColor = new Color(0, 0, 255);
Color leftColor = new Color(0, 255, 255);
Color rightColor = new Color(0, 0, 0);
// Front face.
cubeVertices[0] =
new VertexPositionColorTexture(
topLeftFront, frontColor, GetTexPos(2));
cubeVertices[1] =
new VertexPositionColorTexture(
bottomLeftFront, frontColor, GetTexPos(2) + textureBottomLeft);
cubeVertices[2] =
new VertexPositionColorTexture(
topRightFront, frontColor, GetTexPos(2) + textureTopRight);
cubeVertices[3] =
new VertexPositionColorTexture(
bottomLeftFront, frontColor, GetTexPos(2) + textureBottomLeft);
cubeVertices[4] =
new VertexPositionColorTexture(
bottomRightFront, frontColor, GetTexPos(2) + textureBottomRight);
cubeVertices[5] =
new VertexPositionColorTexture(
topRightFront, frontColor, GetTexPos(2) + textureTopRight);
Initializing basicEffect
private void InitializeEffect()
{
basicEffect = new BasicEffect(graphics.GraphicsDevice);
basicEffect.World = worldMatrix;
basicEffect.View = viewMatrix;
basicEffect.Projection = projectionMatrix;
//basicEffect.EnableDefaultLighting
}
LoadContent
protected override void LoadContent()
{
canyonTexture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("CanyonTexture");
textureSheetWidth = canyonTexture.Width / 16;
InitializeTransform();
InitializeEffect();
basicEffect.TextureEnabled = true;
basicEffect.VertexColorEnabled = true;
basicEffect.Texture = canyonTexture;
InitializeCube();
}
Setting up the VertexBuffer
private void CreateVertexBuffer()
{
vertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration(new VertexElement[]
{
new VertexElement(0, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Position, 0),
new VertexElement(12, VertexElementFormat.Color, VertexElementUsage.Color, 0),
new VertexElement(24, VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 0)
});
vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(
graphics.GraphicsDevice,
vertexDeclaration,
number_of_vertices,
BufferUsage.None
);
cubeVertices = new VertexPositionColorTexture[number_of_vertices];
InitializeCube();
vertexBuffer.SetData<VertexPositionColorTexture>(cubeVertices);
graphics.GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer);
}
protected override void Initialize()
{
// TODO: Add your initialization logic here
CreateVertexBuffer();
base.Initialize();
}
Basically your vertex declaration is wrong.
A Color is only four bytes wide. So the offset of the texture-coordinate element that follows should be 16, not 24.
However you don't even need to create a vertex declaration for this in XNA 4.0. Simply pass VertexPositionColorTexture.VertexDeclaration or typeof(VertexPositionColorTexture) to the constructor of your VertexBuffer.
There is a blog post here that explains how this all works.
I am working with Bitmap C# and wondering how to convert a color png image to only one color. I want all the visible colors in the image to become white. The parts that are transparent should remain transparent. I am going to display these agains a grey background.
If the image doesn't use alpha channel for transparency then the following will do:
Bitmap image;
for (int x = 0; x < image.Width; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < image.Height; y++)
{
if (image.GetPixel(x, y) != Color.Transparent)
{
image.SetPixel(x, y, Color.White);
}
}
}
The other answers was helpful and got me going, thanks a lot. I couldn't make them work though, not sure why. But I also found out that I wanted to keep the original alpha value of the pixels, rendering the edges smooth. This is what I came up with.
for (int x = 0; x < bitmap.Width; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < bitmap.Height; y++)
{
Color bitColor = bitmap.GetPixel(x, y);
//Sets all the pixels to white but with the original alpha value
bitmap.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(bitColor.A, 255, 255, 255));
}
}
Here is a screen dump of the result magnified a few times (original on top):
(source: codeodyssey.se)
SetPixel is just about the slowest possible way to do that. You can use a ColorMatrix instead:
var newImage = new Bitmap(original.Width, original.Height,
original.PixelFormat);
using (var g = Graphics.FromImage(newImage)) {
var matrix = new ColorMatrix(new[] {
new float[] { 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f },
new float[] { 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f },
new float[] { 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f },
new float[] { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f },
new float[] { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }
});
var attributes = new ImageAttributes();
attributes.SetColorMatrix(matrix);
g.DrawImage(original,
new Rectangle(0, 0, original.Width, original.Height),
0, 0, original.Width, original.Height,
GraphicsUnit.Pixel, attributes);
}
try following code:
void Test()
{
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(50, 50);//you will load it from file or resource
Color c = Color.Green;//transparent color
//loop height and width.
// YOU MAY HAVE TO CONVERT IT TO Height X VerticalResolution and
// Width X HorizontalResolution
for (int i = 0; i < bmp.Height; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < bmp.Width; j++)
{
var p = bmp.GetPixel(j, i);//get pixle at point
//if pixle color not equals transparent
if(!c.Equals(Color.FromArgb(p.ToArgb())))
{
//set it to white
bmp.SetPixel(j,i,Color.White);
}
}
}
}
PS: this is not tested and in no way optimized