Using commands in the Data Model scope - c#

In my program I am trying to write commands for a User Control that will toggle the isEnabled and isChecked property of a few controls. Attached to my User Control is a View Model and a Data Model. My commands and properties are in my Data Model (First of all, is this correct implementation?), and there is a property for my Data Model inside my View Model.
The commands are not working. I do not get any binding errors, and when I debug my code, the values are changed correctly. However, there is no visual feedback.
My View Model is set as the DataContext of the User Control in it's constructor.
My data is bound like this:
<CheckBox Command="{Binding Model.myCommand}" ... />
This is an example of what one of my commands looks like:
public Command myCommand { get { return _myCommand; } }
private void MyCommand_C()
{
if (_myCommand== true) //Checked
{
_checkBoxEnabled = true;
}
else //UnChecked
{
_checkBoxEnabled = false;
_checkBox = false;
}
}
Why aren't these commands functioning?

Commands should be implemented in the ViewModel.
There or in your Models, you should have Properties binded to the IsChecked and IsEnabled properties of your controls, and in the command, changing the properties will trigger PropertyChanged event which will update your views.
Example:
In your view :
<StackPanel>
<Button Command="{Binding ToggleCommand}"/>
<CheckBox IsChecked="{Binding Path=Model.IsChecked}"/>
<CheckBox IsEnabled="{Binding Path=Model.IsEnabled}"/>
</StackPanel>
ViewModel:
public class MainWindowViewModel : NotificationObject
{
public MainWindowViewModel()
{
Model = new MyModel();
ToggleCommand = new DelegateCommand(() =>
{
Model.IsChecked = !Model.IsChecked;
Model.IsEnabled = !Model.IsEnabled;
});
}
public DelegateCommand ToggleCommand { get; set; }
public MyModel Model { get; set; }
}
Model:
public class MyModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private bool _isChecked;
private bool _isEnabled;
public bool IsChecked
{
get
{
return _isChecked;
}
set
{
_isChecked = value;
if (PropertyChanged != null)
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("IsChecked"));
}
}
public bool IsEnabled
{
get
{
return _isEnabled;
}
set
{
_isEnabled = value;
if (PropertyChanged != null)
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("IsEnabled"));
}
}
#region INotifyPropertyChanged Members
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
#endregion
}
Hope this helps

First, your Command properties should be in your ViewModel, not your data model.
Setting that aside, you should not bind a CheckBox to a Command - commands are for elements that trigger actions (such as clicking a Button). A CheckBox should be bound to a bool property. Where the property should reside can be debated, but my opinion is that it should be in the ViewModel so you can keep the Property Changed Notification logic out of your data model.
A quick example:
public class MyViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private bool _myCheckValue;
public bool MyCheckValue
{
get { return _myCheckValue; }
set
{
_myCheckValue = value;
this.RaisePropertyChanged("MyCheckValue");
}
}
//INotifyPropertyChange implementation not included...
}
And then in your XAML (assuming the ViewModel is the DataContext):
<CheckBox IsChecked="{Binding MyCheckValue}" ... />

Related

WPF / MVVM / Model does not update viewmodel [duplicate]

This question already has an answer here:
Notifying ViewModel of Property change from Model class
(1 answer)
Closed 3 years ago.
Context:
I had a problem with binding property in my MVVM app. Now I've made a little project to test this case. It includes just window, viewmodel, model, BindableObject(abstract class with INotifyProperyChanged) and Command classes. All classes are in same namespace, datacontext is set in view, model and vm have INotifyProperyChanged, text in view is binded to vm property that is binded to model property. Constructor sets model property and it affects property in viewmodel and view.
Problem:
When I change property in model it does not change property in viewmodel and view.
Here are BaseModel and Command classes:
abstract class BindableObject : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
public void OnPropertieChanged ([CallerMemberName]string name = "")
{
PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(name));
}
}
class Command : ICommand
{
private Action<object> execute;
private Func<object, bool> canExecute;
public Command(Action<object> execute, Func<object, bool> canExecute = null)
{
this.execute = execute;
this.canExecute = canExecute;
}
public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged
{
add { CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value; }
remove { CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value; }
}
public bool CanExecute(object parameter)
{
return this.canExecute == null || this.canExecute(parameter);
}
public void Execute(object parameter)
{
this.execute(parameter);
}
}
Model:
public class Model : BindableObject
{
private int modelValue;
public int ModelValue { get => modelValue; set { modelValue = value; OnPropertieChanged(); } }
public Model ()
{
ModelValue = 111;
}
public void ChangeValue ()
{
ModelValue = 777;
}
}
ViewModel:
class MainVM : BindableObject
{
private int myValue;
public int MyValue { get => myValue; set { myValue = value; OnPropertieChanged(); } }
public ICommand Command1 { get; set; }
public MainVM()
{
var model = new Model();
MyValue = model.ModelValue;
Command1 = new Command( (obj) => model.ChangeValue() );
}
}
View:
<Window>
...
<Window.DataContext>
<local:MainVM/>
</Window.DataContext>
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding MyValue}"/>
<Button Command="{Binding Command1}"/>
</StackPanel>
</Window>
The problem is your command in your view model is invoking a method on an instance of your model, but your xaml is binding to a separate property in your view model of type int (MyValue). That's why MyValue is getting set once in the vm constructor but never getting updated with the command.
Make the instance of your Model class a property in the view model:
private Model _myModel;
public Model MyModel
{
get
{
return _myModel;
}
set
{
_myModel = value;
OnPropertieChanged();
}
}
public ICommand Command1 { get; set; }
public MainVM()
{
MyModel = new Model();
Command1 = new Command((obj) => MyModel.ChangeValue());
}
And bind to it's ModelValue property in the xaml.
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding MyModel.ModelValue}"/>
<Button Height="50" Width="100" Command="{Binding Command1}"/>
</StackPanel>
In general, though, a model class doesn't typically perform logic; rather, logic is either performed on instances of your model in a service class, or client-side in the view model. But that's a separate discussion.

Data Binding Issue: How do I get the Binding value to work both ways?

I am working on a MVVM WPF application and I have a CheckBox which I am trying to work on. What I want is for the value to be binding to a model property (which I have done). However, when I click it in a debugging session it never actually changes my IsChecked property to true from its default false. Please see code below:
Model
public class MyModel:INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private bool _isChecked;
public bool IsChecked
{
get { return _isChecked; }
set
{
if (_isChecked == value)
return;
_isChecked = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
[NotifyPropertyChangedInvocator]
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
View
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Height="51" Width="667" Canvas.Left="10" Canvas.Top="45">
<CheckBox IsChecked="{Binding IsChecked}" Command="{Binding CheckBoxClickCommand}" Content="We're in the matrix" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="10,10,200,10"/>
</StackPanel>
ViewModel
public class MyViewModel
{
private MyModel _myModel = new MyModel();
public ObservableCollection<MyModel> UrlsList { get; } = new ObservableCollection<MyModel>();
public ICommand CheckBoxClickCommand { get; private set; }
public MyViewModel()
{
CheckBoxClickCommand = new RelayCommand(CheckBoxOnClick);
}
public void CheckBoxOnClick()
{
var newList = new List<MyModel>();
if (_myModel.IsChecked)
{
foreach (var url in UrlsList)
{
if (!url.ExistsInDb)
newList.Add(url);
}
}
}
}
When I debug and get to the if statement in CheckBoxClickCommand it obviously goes to the model to get the property value, but it does not change from the default false to true. Any help is much appreciated, thanks!.
Bind to the model's property:
<CheckBox IsChecked="{Binding Model.IsChecked}" ...>
For this to work, the model has to be returned from a public property of the view model:
private MyModel _myModel = new MyModel();
public MyModel Model { get { return _myModel; }}

C# BindingList<> not updating a WPF Listbox on changed items

I am on a MVVM C# project.
I want to display a list of objects.
I want to add and remove items in this list and ALSO change items in this list.
So I choosed the BindingList<> over the ObservableCollection<>, which would not get noticed if an item has changed.
(I also tested the ObservableCollectionEx which is out there in the web, but this has the same behavior like the BindingList for me).
But the Listbox is not changing when items are changed.
(Adding and removing items is updated in the Listbox)
In my XAML
<ListBox DisplayMemberPath="NameIndex" ItemsSource="{Binding Profiles}" SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedProfile}">
or alternative with the ItemTemplate
<ListBox DockPanel.Dock="Right" ItemsSource="{Binding Profiles}" SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedProfile}" Margin="0,10,0,0">
<ListBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding NameIndex}"/>
</DataTemplate>
</ListBox.ItemTemplate>
</ListBox>
In my ViewModel (ViewModelBase is implementing INotifyPropertyChanged etc)
public class ProfileListViewModel : ViewModelBase
{
private BindingList<Profile> profiles;
public BindingList<Profile> Profiles
{
get
{
return profiles;
}
set
{
profiles = value;
RaisePropertyChanged();
}
}
My items are also implementing INotifyPropertyChanged and I am calling OnPropertyChanged("Name") in my Setters.
My model
public class Profile : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public Profile(){}
public int ProfileID { get; set; }
private string name;
public string Name
{
get
{
return name;
}
set
{
name = value;
OnPropertyChanged("Name");
}
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
private void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null)
{
handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
}
Wiring the View with the ViewModel (BindingList is initialized before View)
ProfileListViewModel plvw= new ProfileListViewModel(message.Content);
var profileView = new ProfileListView(plvw);
profileView.ShowDialog();
In the View.xaml.cs
public ProfileListView(ProfileListViewModel plvw)
{
InitializeComponent();
DataContext = plvw;
}
When I am changing the name of an object then I get the ListChanged event to which I have subscribted in my ViewModel (Profiles.ListChanged += Profiles_ListChanged;) for testing BUT the items in the ListBox are NOT changing.
What am I doing wrong?
How can I get a updated Listbox?
Since your DisplayIndex is the computed property NameIndex, you need to call OnPropertyChanged("NameIndex") when its value changes due to a change in other properties, e.g.:
public string Name
{
get
{
return name;
}
set
{
name = value;
OnPropertyChanged("Name");
OnPropertyChanged("NameIndex");
}
}
Use
Profiles.ResetBindings() to bind it again.

WPF TwoWay binding in multiple UserControl

I have multiple UserControl which contain a shared ViewModel.
It's a DataGrid where the user click on a row to see the detail of the row (the actual structure is more complex).
The problem is when I handle the SelectionChanged in the grid, I update the shared ViewModel to update the ContactDetail but it doesn't update the value in the TextBoxes (the object is updated in ContactDetail but values are not displayed).
ListContact.xaml.cs
public void contactsTable_OnSelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
contacts.current_identity = //Get the associated `IdentityViewModel`
}
ContactDetail.xaml.cs
public partial class ContactDetail : UserControl
{
public ContactsViewModel contacts;
public DetailContact(ContactsViewModel contacts)
{
InitializeComponent();
this.contacts = contacts;
this.DataContext = contacts;
}
}
ContactDetail.xaml
<UserControl x:Class="ContactDetail">
<TextBox Name='address' Text="{Binding Path=contacts.current_identity.address, Mode=TwoWay}"/>
<TextBox Name='phone' Text="{Binding Path=contacts.current_identity.phone, Mode=TwoWay}"/>
<TextBox Name='email' Text="{Binding Path=contacts.current_identity.email, Mode=TwoWay}"/>
</UserControl>
ContactsViewModel.cs (IdentityViewModel uses the same structure)
public class ContactsViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private List<Contact> _contacts;
public List<Contact> contacts;
{
get { return _contacts; }
set { _contacts = value; OnPropertyChanged("contacts"); }
}
private IdentityViewModel _current_identity;
public IdentityViewModel current_identity
{
get { return _current_identity; }
set { _current_identity = value; OnPropertyChanged("current_identity"); }
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
public void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
if (PropertyChanged != null)
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
The question is, why doesn't this work and how to notify ContactDetail so that it displays the new value ?
Your data for contacts changes but the original reference location Binding Path=contacts.current_identity.address is still being referred to in the binding. I.E. address is still valid and has not changed. What changed was contacts.current but you are not binding to that.
Remember that binding is simply reflection to a location reference. If the original address changes you would see a change because that is what is being looked for to have a change. But instead the parent instance is what changed.
You need to refactor your bindings to allow for proper update when the current_identity changes.

WPF MVVM two-way updates

I'm trying to setup a working two-way update by using this example.
These are the relevant code snippets:
XAML:
<Button Click="clkInit">Initialize</Button>
<Button Click="clkStudent">Add student</Button>
<Button Click="clkChangeStudent">Change students</Button>
(...)
<TabControl Name="tabControl1" ItemsSource="{Binding StudentViewModels}" >
<TabControl.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=StudentFirstName}" />
</DataTemplate>
</TabControl.ItemTemplate>
<TabControl.ContentTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<Grid>
<Label Content="First Name" Name="label1" />
<TextBox Name="textBoxFirstName" Text="{Binding Path=StudentFirstName}" />
<Label Content="Last Name" Name="label2" />
<TextBox Name="textBoxLastName" Text ="{Binding Path=StudentLastName}" />
</Grid>
</DataTemplate>
</TabControl.ContentTemplate>
</TabControl>
Main Window:
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
internal MainWindowViewModel myMWVM;
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void clkInit(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
myMWVM= new MainWindowViewModel();
DataContext = myMWVM;
}
private void clkStudent(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
myMWVM.StudentViewModels.Add(new StudentViewModel());
}
// For testing - call a function out of the student class to make changes there
private void clkChangeStudent(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
for (Int32 i = 0; i < test.StudentViewModels.Count; i++)
{
myMWVM.StudentViewModels.ElementAt((int)i).changeStudent();
}
}
}
Main view:
class MainWindowViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
ObservableCollection<StudentViewModel> _studentViewModels =
new ObservableCollection<StudentViewModel>();
// Collection for WPF.
public ObservableCollection<StudentViewModel> StudentViewModels
{
get { return _studentViewModels; }
}
// Constructor. Add two stude
public MainWindowViewModel()
{
_studentViewModels.Add(new StudentViewModel());
_studentViewModels.Add(new StudentViewModel());
}
// Property change.
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
private void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
if (PropertyChanged != null)
{
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
}
Student view:
class StudentViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
Lazy<Student> _model;
string _studentFirstName;
public string StudentFirstName
{
get { return _studentFirstName; }
set
{
if (_studentFirstName != value)
{
_studentFirstName = value;
_model.Value.StudentFirstName = value;
OnPropertyChanged("StudentFirstName");
}
}
}
string _studentLastName;
public string StudentLastName
{
get { return _studentLastName; }
set
{
if (_studentLastName != value)
{
_studentLastName = value;
_model.Value.StudentLastName = value;
OnPropertyChanged("StudentLastName");
}
}
}
public void changeStudent()
{
_model.Value.changeStudent();
}
public StudentViewModel()
{
_studentFirstName = "Default";
_model = new Lazy<Student>(() => new Student());
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
private void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
if (PropertyChanged != null)
{
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
}
THE student:
class Student
{
public string StudentFirstName { get; set; }
public string StudentLastName { get; set; }
public Student()
{
MessageBox.Show("Student constructor called");
}
public Student(string nm)
{
StudentLastName = nm;
}
public void changeStudent()
{
StudentLastName = "McDonald";
}
}
If you read until here I already thank you :) Still, by calling "clkChangeStudent" I don't see the changes in the textbox. I guess it's because I don't call the set-method of the StudentViewModel. The project I'm working on is a bit complex and a lot of things happen in the class (here Student) itself.
How can I get a textbox update by settings values in the Student-class itself?
Your actual code clearly won't notify changes to the interface. The reason is simple. Your method that changes the student name is in the Student model and that model does not implement the INotifyPropertyChanged.
There is 2 solutions to fix this issue depending on one question, does the changeStudent() method has to stick with the object model, that is to say, can your requirements allows you to move the changeStudent() method to the view model?
If yes then, first solution, simply remove the changeStudent method from the model and move it to the view model like this:
class StudentViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
...
public void changeStudent()
{
this.StudentLastName = "McDonald";
}
}
In the other case, second solution, you have to raise events whenever a model property changes and then get your view model to suscribe to these changes. You can proceed like this in the model:
class Student : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
...
private string studentLastName;
public string StudentLastName
{
get
{
return this.studentLastName;
}
set
{
if(this.studentLastname != value)
{
this.studentLastName = value;
this.OnPropertyChanged("StudentLastName");
}
}
}
}
And for the view model:
class StudentViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
...
public StudentViewModel(Student model)
{
this._model = model;
this._model.PropertyChanged += (sender, e) =>
{
if(e.PropertyName == "StudentLastName")
{
this.OnPropertyChanged("StudentLastName");
}
};
}
}
Both solution will work. It is really import that you understand that your code explicitely needs to notifies the interface whenever a value changes.
ChangeStudent doesn't call any of the methods that trigger a property notify event in the view model, it alters the underlying model instead. It's these events that trigger the view to update itself.
As an aside you should also look at command binding from the view instead of using click handlers in the code-behind. That way your view doesn't need to know anything about the view model that's attached and can be pure presentation.
First you should use commands instead of events.
In your current structure you have to add an
OnPropertyChanged("StudentLastName");
call to your ChangedStudent() Method in StudentViewModel.
After that you have to set the UpdateSourceTrigger of the Bindings to PropertyChanged
Text="{Binding Path=StudentFirstName, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"

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