As the title states, I want to define a section in a partial view.
My code that I've tested with are as follows:
Controller:
public ActionResult Test()
{
return View();
}
public ActionResult PartialTest()
{
return PartialView("_PartialTest");
}
Test.cshtml:
#{
ViewBag.Title = "Test";
}
<h2>Test</h2>
#Html.Action("PartialTest")
_PartialTest.cshtml:
<p>partial Test</p>
#section scripts {
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function() {
alert("Test");
});
</script>
}
Placing the section scripts in the Test.cshtml works fine so the problem isn't in the layout.
Anyone know how to do this?
Partial views don't support #section tag. You should add them in the view which references the partial view. See this question for more information: Injecting content into specific sections from a partial view ASP.NET MVC 3 with Razor View Engine.
It basically comes down to the fact that the main view referencing a partial should be responsible for including Javascript, not the partial view itself.
I know this question is super out-dated, but for anyone out there who might still wondering (as I was):
You can actually get around this problem by changing the #section scripts { } portion in your partial views to this:
#using (Html.BeginScriptContext())
{
Html.AddScriptBlock(
#<script type="text/javascript">
//rest of script
);
}
This will allow you to have a script in your partial view and achieve that widget-like structure. Hope this helps!
Related
I would like to render the "scripts" section of the .cshtml view inside the controller as a string. Is this possible?
What I actually want to do is get the scripts with a separate ajax call and then run eval on the script after loading the html of the view also with ajax.
I've tried looking for related topics but haven't come up with anything relevant. Some related answers fool around with HtmlHelper.ViewContext.HttpContext.Items[""] but I'm unsure how to use it.
What I want is something like this: string scripts = GetScriptsForView(action, controller); which returns the section used in the view like this: #section Scripts {
To clarify (edit):
I'm trying to replace the "RenderBody()" of the layout page with ajax calls, so that I don't have to load the layout containing the static header every time.
I have managed to replace all <a>-tags with ajax calls replacing the <div> containing the view, but am unable to get the javascripts working.
I could remove the #section scripts { from the cshtml-files and let the script tag get loaded with the html view. The problem with this is that if I reload the page it calls the scripts for that view before calling the scripts of the layout page, resulting in errors. Therefore I wish to load the scripts separately.
TL;DR
While you can load sections and contents in separate requests (see example 1), but you don't need to do that. Instead:
You can have different Layout pages for different purposes and dynamically decide which layout to use for the view. For example a full layout page for normal requests and a simple layout page without headers and footers for ajax requests (see example 2).
You can decide dynamically about the layout page in _ViewStart.cstml or in the controller, based on different request parameters, like Request.Headers, Request.QueryString, Request.IsAjaxRequest, etc.
Long Answer
Here are some useful notes about the layout, section, view and partial view which may help you to handle the case:
Specify Layout in return View() - When returning a View you can specify the layout for the view. For example return View("Index", masterName: "_SomeLaypout"). You can have some logic to dynamically decide about the layout name.
Specify Layout in _LayoutStart.cshtml - When returning a View, you can specify the Layout in _ViewStart.cshtml file, for example #{ Layout = "_Layout"; }. You can have some logic to dynamically decide about the layout name.
Render content without Layout - When return a view using PartialView() method, it will render the whole content of the view without any layout or without rendering any section. It's equivalent to using return View and setting Layout to null, in _ViewStart.cshtml)
Render Section without any Content - You can have a layout having just a RenderSection method. Then if you return a view using that layout, it just renders the specified section of that view and will ignore the contents.
Scripts with/without Section - Considering above options, when you put scripts in the script tag without putting in a Section, you guarantee they will be returned as part of the result, regardless of calling return View or return PartialView or having or not having Layout. So in some cases you may want to put scripts without sections. In this case, when you load the partial view using ajax call, it contains the content as well as scripts of the partial view.
In some cases you may want to have some common content/scripts even for partial views, in such cases you can use Section, also have a Layout page which renders the section and contains common things that you want to have in all partial view. In this case you need to return the partial view using return View and specify that specific layout page.
Example 1 - Return just scripts or just content in an ajax request
The following example shows how you can send an ajax request to get content and send an ajax request to get scripts section.
Please note, I don't recommend using different requests for getting
content or getting scripts separately and this example is just for
learning purpose to show you what you can do with Layout pages and
_ViewStart.
To do so, follow these steps:
Change the _ViewStart.cshtml content to:
#{
if(Request.QueryString["Layout"]=="_Body")
{
//Just content of the page, without layout or any section
Layout = null;
}
else if (Request.QueryString["Layout"] == "_Script")
{
//Just script section
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Script.cshtml";
}
else
{
//Everything, layout, content, section
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}
}
Note: Instead of a Request.QueryString, you can easily rely on a Request.Header or Request.IsAjaxRequest() or ... base on your requirement.
Then just for _Script, add a new layout page named _script.cshtml having the following content:
#RenderSection("scripts", required: false)
Then:
To get the script section, send a normal ajax request and add the following query string: Layout=_Script.
To get the content without script section, send a normal ajax request and add the following query string: Layout=_Body.
To get the whole content, send a normal ajax request without specifying any Layout query string.
For example, assuming you have a Sample action in Home controller:
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult Sample()
{
return View();
}
Which returns the following Sample.cshtml view:
<div id="div1" style="border:1px solid #000000;">
some content
</div>
#section scripts {
<script>
$(function () {
alert('Hi');
});
</script>
}
In client side, to get the script section:
<button id="button1">Get Sample Content</button>
<script>
$(function () {
$('#button1').click(function () {
$.ajax({
url: '/home/sample',
data: { Layout: '_Script' },
type: 'GET',
cache: false,
success: function (data) { alert(data); },
error: function () { alert('error'); }
});
});
});
<script>
Example 2 - Return Content Without Layout Using Ajax requests
In this example, you can see how easily you can return content and scripts of the views without layout for ajax requests.
To do so, follow these steps:
Change the _ViewStart.cshtml content to:
#{
if(Request.IsAjaxRequest())
{
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Partial.cshtml";
}
else
{
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}
}
Add a new layout page named _PartialView.cshtml having the following content:
#RenderBody()
#RenderSection("scripts", required: false)
Get the view using ajax. For example, assuming you have a Sample action in Home controller:
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult Sample()
{
return View();
}
Which returns the following Sample.cshtml view:
<div id="div1" style="border:1px solid #000000;">
some content
</div>
#section scripts {
<script>
$(function () {
alert('Hi');
});
</script>
}
Get the result using ajax:
<button id="button1">Get Sample Content</button>
<script>
$(function () {
$('#button1').click(function () {
$.ajax({
url: '/home/sample',
type: 'GET',
cache: false,
success: function (data) { alert(data); },
error: function () { alert('error'); }
});
});
});
<script>
As per my understanding I guess you are looking for load the page via Ajax without reloading the entire page.
Did you check the Kool Swap Jquery plugin? Hope this will match your requirement.
I've this ActionResult:
[EncryptedActionParameter]
[CheckExternalUserRegisterSigned]
public ActionResult ExpedienteIIT(int idExpediente)
{
ExpedienteContainerVM model = this.GetExpedienteVMByIdExpediente(idExpediente);
return View("ExpedienteIIT", model);
}
ExpedientIIT View:
https://jsfiddle.net/pq16Lr4q/
_Layout.cshtml:
https://jsfiddle.net/1ksvav43/
So when I return the view I got this error:
I tried to put console.logs to see if the view is rendered but is not rendered...
Ok the error is here:
#model PortalSOCI.WEB.ViewModels.IIT.ExpedienteContainerVM
#{
ViewBag.Title = String.Format(PortalSOCI.WEB.Resources.ExpedienteIIT.TituloExpedienteIIT, Model.Expediente.NumeroExpediente);
}
#section JavaScript /// <-------------------- ERROR
{
#Html.Raw(ViewBag.message)
#
Can you please help me.
edit:
After reading your code, i feel like
#RenderSection("scripts", required: false)
should be
#RenderSection("JavaScript", required: false)
an other thing that I think will give you trouble is the fact that you define your "JavaScript" section in the body. This means that if any of your views you forget to add that
#section JavaScript
{
#Html.Raw(ViewBag.message)
}
you'll get a Section JavaScript not defined error. In your case, feels like the section's definition should be in the _layout.cshtml.
This error most likely means that you have defined the JavaScript section but have not rendered it anywhere.
You need to call #RenderSection("JavaScript") somewhere in your layout.cshtml
the
#section JavaScript
{
}
will let you create a section called "JavaScript", but to actually "print" the content of this section to the output HTML file (that will be sent to the client) you need to call #RenderSection("JavaScript"). The content of the section will be printed where the call to RenderSection is located.
You need to put the missing section inside your ExpedienteIIT view. According to the error message, that missing section is JavaScript.
Code sample, put this at the bottom of your view:
#section JavaScript
{
// put javascript here
}
EDIT:
Thank you for providing a code sample of your views. There is a mismatch between how the JavaScript section in your layout page is defined and how it is being included in your view.
To fix this, do either one of the following:
In your _Layout page, change #RenderSection("scripts", required: false) to #RenderSection("JavaScript", required: false), OR
In your ExpedienteIIT view, change #section JavaScript to #section scripts
The important thing is that the two should match.
Setting up ngRoute throughout my application creates a problem. The controllers used in many views are dependant on script taken from the database in the ASP.NET controllers. Here's an example:
Angular App
var app = angular.module("app", ["ngRoute"])
.config(["$routeProvider", "$locationProvider", function($routeProvider, $locationProvider) {
$routeProvider
.when("/Template/:id", {
templateUrl: function(arg) { return "/User/Template/Details/" + arg.id },
controller: "FormController"
});
$locationProvider.html5Mode(false).hashPrefix("!");
}]);
Razor view Details.cshtml:
#{
Layout = null;
}
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
alert('triggered');
angular.module("app").controller("FormController", ["$scope", function ($scope) {
alert("not triggered");
$scope.xyz = 1;
}]);
</script>
</head>
<div id="template-details" class="col-xs-12" ng-controller="FormController" ng-cloak>
<span>{{xyz}}</span>
</div>
It loads the view just fine, except it doesn't initiate the controller (with the ViewBag code). The script block executes just fine (tested with the first alert()).
Couple of things to keep in mind, when you get controller is undefined:
Make sure your Angular App is loaded before you call the FormController script
Make sure your FormController div is inside ng-app="app" div.
Make sure you are loading ng-route after angular.
I have created a JsFiddle from what you have provided and it works fine.
Currently I have a partial view where I manually display all my blog categories with links. I would like to make it dynamic by pulling from the database. I am not sure how to accomplish this within a partial view. I would even be willing to do it within the actual _layout page if it's easier that way.
Here is what I have right now.
_Categories.cshtml
<h2>Categories</h2>
<hr/>
<p>
ASP.Net MVC<br/>
Ruby on Rails<br/>
</p>
I would like to create these links dynamically as opposed to hard coding.
_Layout.cshtml
#Html.Partial("_Categories")
The main problem is there is no controller for the layout of a partial which is why I can't figure out how to go about it.
Thanks in advance for any help.
Create a controller action named ListCategories in BlogController (or in a new CategoryController). Add all the categories to the ViewBag in the action by querying them from your back-end database
public ActionResult ListCategories()
{
ViewBag.Categories = db.Categories;
}
And use a #foreach loop in the view for the action ListCategories.cshtml:
<h2>Categories</h2>
<hr/>
<p>
#foreach(Category c in ViewBag.Categories)
{
#c.Name<br/>
}
</p>
Finally, change your _Layout.cshtml to point to this action:
#Html.Action("ListCategories")
// or #Html.Action("ListCategories", "CategoryController")
Let's say I have a javascript slide-show in a partial view...
_Slideshow.cshtml:
#{
ViewBag.Title = "Slide Show";
}
<div id="slides">
</div>
<script src="js/slides.min.jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$('#slides').slides({
// slide show configuration...
});
});
</script>
But I want to be a good little web developer, and make sure all of my scripts go at the bottom of the page. So I'll make my *_Layout.cshtml* page look like this:
_Layout.cshtml:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>#ViewBag.Title</title>
<link href="#Url.Content("~/css/global.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
#RenderBody
</div>
<!-- Being a good little web developer, I include my scripts at the BOTTOM, yay!
-->
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</body>
</html>
But UH OH! What do I do now, because my slide show script ends up above my jQuery inclusion?! It wouldn't be a big deal if I wanted my slide show on every page, but I only want the slide show partial view to be rendered on a certain page, and.... I WANT MY SCRIPTS AT THE BOTTOM! What to do?
You could define a section in your layout page for the scripts like this:
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
#RenderBody
</div>
<!-- Being a good little web developer, I include my scripts at the BOTTOM, yay!
-->
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
#RenderSection("myScripts")
</body>
Then on your pages you define what goes in that section:
#{
ViewBag.Title = "Slide Show";
}
<div id="slides">
</div>
#section myScripts { //put your scripts here
<script src="js/slides.min.jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$('#slides').slides({
// slide show configuration...
});
});
</script>
}
Then when the page renders, it will take everything in your section and add it to where it is supposed to go on your layout page (in this case, at the bottom).
Note: The accepted solution won't work for partial views as the question asks for.
The Problem
In the normal flow, you can define the contents for a particular section from inside of the parent view on your ActionResult using a #section SectionName {} declaration. And when that view is finally inserted into its LayoutPage, it can call RenderSection to place those contents anywhere within the page, allowing you to define some inline JavaScript that can be rendered and parsed at the bottom of the page after any core libraries that it depends on like this:
The problem arises when you want to be able to reuse the full page view inside of a partial view. Perhaps you'd like to also re-use the view as a widget or dialog from inside of another page. In which case, the full Partial View is rendered in its entirety wherever you've placed the call to #Html.EditorFor or #Html.Partial inside of the Parent View like this:
According to the MSDN Docs on Layouts with Razor Syntax:
Sections defined in a view are available only in its immediate layout page.
Sections cannot be referenced from partials, view components, or other parts of the view system.
The body and all sections in a content page must all be rendered by the layout page
In that scenario, it becomes tricky to get the script defined into the partial view to the bottom of the page. Per the docs, you can only call RenderSection from the layout view and you cannot define the #section contents from inside of a partial view, so everything gets lumped into the same area and your script will be rendered, parsed, and run from the middle of your HTML page, instead of at the bottom, after any libraries it might depend on.
The Solution
For a full discussion of the many ways to inject sections from partial views into your page, I'd start with the following two questions on StackOverflow:
Injecting content into specific sections from a partial view with Razor View Engine
Using sections in Editor/Display templates
The varying solutions therein differ on support for nesting, ordering, multiple script support, different content types, calling syntax, and reusability. But however you slice it, pretty much any solution will have to accomplish two basic tasks:
Gradually build script objects onto your request from within any page, partial view, or template, probably leveraging some kind of HtmlHelper extension for reusability.
Render that script object onto your layout page. Since the layout page actually renders last, this is simply emitting the object we've been building onto the master page.
Here's a simple implementation by Darin Dimitrov
Add the Helper Extension Methods which will allow you to build arbitrary script objects into the ViewContent.HttpContext.Items collection and subsequently fetch and render them later.
Utilities.cs
public static class HtmlExtensions
{
public static MvcHtmlString Script(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, Func<object, HelperResult> template)
{
htmlHelper.ViewContext.HttpContext.Items["_script_" + Guid.NewGuid()] = template;
return MvcHtmlString.Empty;
}
public static IHtmlString RenderScripts(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper)
{
foreach (object key in htmlHelper.ViewContext.HttpContext.Items.Keys)
{
if (key.ToString().StartsWith("_script_"))
{
var template = htmlHelper.ViewContext.HttpContext.Items[key] as Func<object, HelperResult>;
if (template != null)
{
htmlHelper.ViewContext.Writer.Write(template(null));
}
}
}
return MvcHtmlString.Empty;
}
}
Then you can use like this within your application
Build this script objects like this inside of your Partial View like this:
#Html.Script(
#<script>
$(function() {
$("##Html.IdFor(model => model.FirstName)").change(function() {
alert("New value is '" + this.value + "'");
});
})
</script>
)
And then render them anywhere within your LayoutPage like this:
#Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jquery")
#RenderSection("scripts", required: false)
#Html.RenderScripts()