In C# I want to have a button clicked. I don't want to use a button event like button.click+=... I want to click on the button in Form Application, and any key of my computer will be clicked. I tried SendKeys but it doesn't work well.
I need more ideas how to do it. I tried:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;
namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
{
public partial class Form5 : Form
{
Button[,] b;
List<char> chrlist = new List<char>();
public Form5()
{
InitializeComponent();
start();
}
public void start()
{
panel1.Controls.Clear();
int m = 13;
int n = 2;
b = new Button[n, m];
int x = 0;
int i, j;
int y = 0;
// int count = 0;
int chr1=(int)'A';
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < m; j++)
{
// count++;
b[i, j] = new Button();
b[i, j].SetBounds(x, y, panel1.Size.Width / m, panel1.Size.Height / n);
b[i, j].Name = i + "," + j;
b[i, j].Text = ((char)chr1).ToString();
b[i, j].Click += new EventHandler(ButtonClick);
panel1.Controls.Add(b[i, j]);
x = x + panel1.Size.Width / m;
chr1++;
}
y = y + panel1.Size.Height / n;
x = 0;
}
}
public void ButtonClick(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Button a = (Button)sender;
MessageBox.Show(a.Text);
}
public void started()
{
while (true)
{
int sec = 1000;
Thread.Sleep(sec * 3);
SendKeys.SendWait("{TAB}");
}
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Thread workerThread = new Thread(started);
workerThread.Start();
}
}
}
And that didn't work in my other application.
It looks to me like you're attempting to build an onscreen keyboard.
Premise: Use SendKeys to send a letter to the active application.
Question: When you click the button in your Form to send a letter, what application has focus?
Answer: Yours. Therefore the key will be sent to your application, not the last application that was focused.
Solution: Prevent your application from getting focused.
This can be accomplished by setting the WS_EX_NOACTIVATE flag in your extended window styles via CreateParams()
private const int WS_EX_NOACTIVATE = 0x08000000;
protected override CreateParams CreateParams
{
get
{
CreateParams p = base.CreateParams;
p.ExStyle |= WS_EX_NOACTIVATE;
return p;
}
}
public void ButtonClick(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
SendKeys.Send(((Control)sender).Text);
}
Now when you click a button in your OSK, the currently focused application will STAY focused (because your application cannot receive focus) and SendKeys() will correctly target it.
*Caveats: This only works if the onscreen keyboard is a different application. In other words, the OSK cannot target other forms in your own application...it's a weird focus thing. To target your own app you'd have to manually track the last form in your application and give it focus again before sending the keys.
Here's your OSK sending keys to Notepad:
This is ALL of the code in my test app:
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private Button[,] b;
private const int WS_EX_NOACTIVATE = 0x08000000;
protected override CreateParams CreateParams
{
get
{
CreateParams p = base.CreateParams;
p.ExStyle |= WS_EX_NOACTIVATE;
return p;
}
}
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
start();
}
public void start()
{
panel1.Controls.Clear();
int m = 13;
int n = 2;
b = new Button[n, m];
int x = 0;
int i, j;
int y = 0;
// int count = 0;
int chr1 = (int)'A';
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < m; j++)
{
// count++;
b[i, j] = new Button();
b[i, j].SetBounds(x, y, panel1.Size.Width / m, panel1.Size.Height / n);
b[i, j].Name = i + "," + j;
b[i, j].Text = ((char)chr1).ToString();
b[i, j].Click += new EventHandler(ButtonClick);
panel1.Controls.Add(b[i, j]);
x = x + panel1.Size.Width / m;
chr1++;
}
y = y + panel1.Size.Height / n;
x = 0;
}
}
public void ButtonClick(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
SendKeys.Send(((Control)sender).Text);
}
}
Related
I have something like chessboard, 21x21 checks, each of one have 10x10pixels. I have no idea how do I paint one of the check when user click mouse on it.
Probably i have to use arrays but i dont know how can I assign 10x10 pixels to one element of other array. Can i assign array wiht 100 elements to one elemnet of other array?
This is my code:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace gotowa_mapa
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
Bitmap mapa;
private int szer_pb = 200;
private int wys_pb = 200;
private int ilosc_kratek_x = 41;
private int ilosc_kratek_y = 41;
// private void wpisanie_tablic()
//{
// int[,] tablica_kratki = new int[ilosc_kratek_x, ilosc_kratek_y];
// int[,] tablica_piksele = new int[szer_pb, wys_pb];
//for(int i=0;i<ilosc_kratek_x; i++)
// {
// for(int j=0; j<ilosc_kratek_y; j++)
//{
// tablica_kratki[ilosc_kratek_x, ilosc_kratek_y] = tablica_piksele[2,2];
//}
//}
//}
private void siatka1()
{
mapa = new Bitmap(szer_pb, wys_pb);
int factor_x = (int)(szer_pb / ilosc_kratek_x);
int factor_y = (int)(wys_pb / ilosc_kratek_y);
for (int i = 0; i < szer_pb; i++)
{
if (i > (factor_x * ilosc_kratek_x))
break;
for (int j = 0; j < wys_pb; j++)
{
if (j > (factor_y * ilosc_kratek_y))
break;
if (i % (factor_x) == 0 || j % (factor_y) == 0)
{
mapa.SetPixel(i, j, Color.Black);
mapa.SetPixel(j, i, Color.Black);
}
else
{
mapa.SetPixel(i, j, Color.White);
mapa.SetPixel(j, i, Color.White);
}
}
}
}
// private void rysowanie_scian(int x, int y)
// {
// }
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
siatka1();
pictureBox1.Image = mapa;
}
private void pictureBox1_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
int x, y;
x = e.X;
y = e.Y;
MessageBox.Show(x + " " + y);
}
}
}
I've made an example for you, although there is probably better ways of doing this, using some simple math you can achieve this.
A neat trick is overriding the onPaint method of a panel, making a new Bitmap with the same size as the panel, drawing this image over the panel during the onPaint method, making changes directly to the image, then invalidating the panel so it draws the image. (You can then save the image with Bitmap.Save)
Keep in mind, if a game of some sort is what you are aiming for, GDI is not ideal, look into managed DirectX or similar.
//declare variables
public const int offset = 50;
public const int boardX = 10;
public const int boardY = 10;
public const int checkSize = 40;
int[] checks;
//set initial values for the checks array
if(checks == null)
{
checks = new int[boardX * boardY];
}
//start iterating through the array of checks
for (int i = 0; i < checks.Length; i++)
{
//if the check is empty (assuming you will use integers as identifiers for the pieces on the board)
if (checks[i] < 1)
{
//check if the check in array is odd number & paint odd numbers black on alternating rows
if (i % 2 != 0)
{
//check if row is odd
if (Math.Ceiling((double)(i + 1) / boardX) % 2 != 0)
{
drawCheck(Brushes.Black, e.Graphics, i);
}
else
{
drawCheck(Brushes.White, e.Graphics, i)
}
}
else
{
//check if row is odd
if (Math.Ceiling((double)(i+1) / boardX) % 2 != 0;
{
drawCheck(Brushes.White, e.Graphics, i);
}
else
{
drawCheck(Brushes.Black, e.Graphics, i)
}
}
}
else if (checks[i] == 1)
{
//the check is a "clicked check" - draw it red
drawCheck(Brushes.Red, e.Graphics, i);
}
}
//The Methods
private void YOURDRAWINGSURFACE_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if(e.X < (boardX * checkSize) + offset && e.Y < (boardY * checkSize) + offset && e.X > offset && e.Y > offset )
{
//you have clicked somewhere on the board. if that square isn't red, make it so, else turn it back to a normal square
if (checks[checkClicked(e.X, e.Y)] != 1)
{
checks[checkClicked(e.X, e.Y)] = 1;
}
else
{
checks[checkClicked(e.X, e.Y)] = 0;
}
}
//this is only relevant for GDI drawing code. It will invalidate the form to redraw the surface (needs to be called whenever you make a change)
this.Invalidate();
}
public int checkClicked(int mouseX, int mouseY)
{
//this method returns the int of the particular check that was clicked in the array.
return ((int)Math.Ceiling((double)(mouseX - offset) / checkSize) + (int)((Math.Ceiling((double)(mouseY - offset) / checkSize)) * boardX) - (1 + boardX));
}
public void drawCheck(Brush brush, Graphics graphics, int checkNumber)
{
//this method draws the check given the parameters.
graphics.FillRectangle(brush, ((checkNumber % boardX) * checkSize) + offset, (int)(Math.Ceiling((double)(checkNumber-(boardX-1)) / boardX) * checkSize) + offset, checkSize, checkSize);
}
I am trying to make a slider puzzle game and I keep getting the error "NullReferenceException was unhandled" when I call myBoard.paint(e.Graphics) in my form1. Please help me!!!
Here is my code for Form1 (Let me know if I need to post some of my other classes code):
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Diagnostics;
namespace SliderPuzzle
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private int tileSize;
private int rowsCols;
private SlidePuzzle myBoard;
private Stopwatch timer;
private int moveCount;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
pictureBox1.TabIndex = 3;
pictureBox1.Size = new Size(100, 50);
pictureBox1.Location = new Point(16, 71);
pictureBox1.BackColor = Color.PaleGreen;
pictureBox1.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.Fixed3D;
pictureBox1.TabStop = false;
tileSize = imageList1.ImageSize.Width;
rowsCols = 3;
pictureBox1.Width = rowsCols * tileSize;
pictureBox1.Height = rowsCols * tileSize;
}
public void initGame()
{
myBoard = new SlidePuzzle(rowsCols, tileSize, imageList1);
timer = new Stopwatch();
moveCount = 0;
timer.Start();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
initGame();
}
private void pictureBox1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
{
this.myBoard.paint(e.Graphics);
}
private void pictureBox1_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (myBoard.move(e.Y / tileSize, e.X / tileSize))
++moveCount;
Refresh();
if (!myBoard.winner())
return;
timer.Stop();
if (MessageBox.Show(string.Format("You won!!\nIt took you {0} moves and {1:F2} seconds.\nPlay again?", (object)moveCount, (object)timer.Elapsed.TotalSeconds), "Game Over", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation) == DialogResult.No)
{
Close();
}
else
{
initGame();
Refresh();
}
}
}
}
Update #1: Okay, so I moved myBoard = new SlidePuzzle(rowsCols, tileSize, imageList1); to my constructor, but now none of the images are showing up on it. Here is what It looks like vs what it is supposed to look like:
Edit #2: Okay, I moved it back to where it was before and put
if (this.myBoard != null)
this.myBoard.paint(e.Graphics);
instead, and it works a little better and looks better as well. But the images not showing up is still a problem.
Edit #3: Here is the SliderPuzzle.Paint Code:
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
for (int r = 0; r < this.myGrid.getNumRows(); ++r)
{
for (int c = 0; c < this.myGrid.getNumCols(); ++c)
this.myGrid.get(new Location(r, c)).paint(g);
}
}
Edit #4: Here is the code for the SliderPuzzle Class:
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace SliderPuzzle
{
internal class SlidePuzzle
{
private static Random rand = new Random();
private int myTileSize;
private BoundedGrid myGrid;
private ImageList myImages;
private Location myBlankLoc;
static SlidePuzzle()
{
}
public SlidePuzzle(int rowsCols, int tileSize, ImageList images)
{
this.myTileSize = tileSize;
this.myGrid = new BoundedGrid(rowsCols, rowsCols);
this.myImages = images;
this.myBlankLoc = new Location(rowsCols - 1, rowsCols - 1);
this.initBoard();
}
private void initBoard()
{
int index1 = 0;
for (int r = 0; r < this.myGrid.getNumRows(); ++r)
{
for (int c = 0; c < this.myGrid.getNumCols(); ++c)
{
this.myGrid.put(new Location(r, c), new Tile(index1, this.myTileSize, new Location(r, c), this.myImages.Images[index1]));
++index1;
}
}
for (int index2 = 0; index2 < 1000; ++index2)
{
Location adjacentLocation = this.myBlankLoc.getAdjacentLocation(SlidePuzzle.rand.Next(4) * 90);
if (this.myGrid.isValid(adjacentLocation))
{
this.swap(this.myBlankLoc, adjacentLocation);
this.myBlankLoc = adjacentLocation;
}
}
}
public bool move(int row, int col)
{
Location loc1 = new Location(row, col);
if (Math.Abs(this.myBlankLoc.getRow() - row) + Math.Abs(this.myBlankLoc.getCol() - col) != 1)
return false;
this.swap(loc1, this.myBlankLoc);
this.myBlankLoc = loc1;
return true;
}
public bool winner()
{
int num = 0;
for (int r = 0; r < this.myGrid.getNumRows(); ++r)
{
for (int c = 0; c < this.myGrid.getNumCols(); ++c)
{
if (this.myGrid.get(new Location(r, c)).getValue() != num)
return false;
++num;
}
}
return true;
}
private void swap(Location loc1, Location loc2)
{
Tile tile1 = this.myGrid.put(loc2, this.myGrid.get(loc1));
Tile tile2 = this.myGrid.put(loc1, tile1);
tile1.setLocation(loc1);
tile2.setLocation(loc2);
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
for (int r = 0; r < this.myGrid.getNumRows(); ++r)
{
for (int c = 0; c < this.myGrid.getNumCols(); ++c)
this.myGrid.get(new Location(r, c)).paint(g);
}
}
}
}
Update #5: Here is the Tile Class:
using System.Drawing;
namespace SliderPuzzle
{
internal class Tile
{
private int myValue;
private int mySize;
private Location myLoc;
private Image myImage;
public Tile(int value, int tileSize, Location loc, Image img)
{
this.myValue = value;
this.mySize = tileSize;
this.myLoc = loc;
this.myImage = img;
}
public int getValue()
{
return this.myValue;
}
public void setLocation(Location newLoc)
{
this.myLoc = newLoc;
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
g.DrawImage(this.myImage, this.myLoc.getCol() * this.mySize, this.myLoc.getRow() * this.mySize);
}
}
}
Edit #6: Here is the Location Class:
namespace SliderPuzzle
{
internal class Location
{
public const int LEFT = -90;
public const int RIGHT = 90;
public const int HALF_LEFT = -45;
public const int HALF_RIGHT = 45;
public const int FULL_CIRCLE = 360;
public const int HALF_CIRCLE = 180;
public const int AHEAD = 0;
public const int NORTH = 0;
public const int NORTHEAST = 45;
public const int EAST = 90;
public const int SOUTHEAST = 135;
public const int SOUTH = 180;
public const int SOUTHWEST = 225;
public const int WEST = 270;
public const int NORTHWEST = 315;
private int row;
private int col;
public Location(int r, int c)
{
this.row = r;
this.col = c;
}
public int getRow()
{
return this.row;
}
public int getCol()
{
return this.col;
}
public Location getAdjacentLocation(int direction)
{
int num1 = (direction + 22) % 360;
if (num1 < 0)
num1 += 360;
int num2 = num1 / 45 * 45;
int num3 = 0;
int num4 = 0;
if (num2 == 90)
num3 = 1;
else if (num2 == 135)
{
num3 = 1;
num4 = 1;
}
else if (num2 == 180)
num4 = 1;
else if (num2 == 225)
{
num3 = -1;
num4 = 1;
}
else if (num2 == 270)
num3 = -1;
else if (num2 == 315)
{
num3 = -1;
num4 = -1;
}
else if (num2 == 0)
num4 = -1;
else if (num2 == 45)
{
num3 = 1;
num4 = -1;
}
return new Location(this.getRow() + num4, this.getCol() + num3);
}
public bool equals(Location other)
{
if (this.getRow() == other.getRow())
return this.getCol() == other.getCol();
else
return false;
}
public int hashCode()
{
return this.getRow() * 3737 + this.getCol();
}
public int compareTo(Location otherLoc)
{
if (this.getRow() < otherLoc.getRow())
return -1;
if (this.getRow() > otherLoc.getRow())
return 1;
if (this.getCol() < otherLoc.getCol())
return -1;
return this.getCol() > otherLoc.getCol() ? 1 : 0;
}
public string toString()
{
return "(" + (object)this.getRow() + ", " + (string)(object)this.getCol() + ")";
}
}
}
Edit #7: Here is the last class, the BoundedGrid Class:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace SliderPuzzle
{
internal class BoundedGrid
{
private Tile[,] occupantArray;
public BoundedGrid(int rows, int cols)
{
this.occupantArray = new Tile[rows, cols];
}
public int getNumRows()
{
return this.occupantArray.GetLength(0);
}
public int getNumCols()
{
return this.occupantArray.GetLength(1);
}
public bool isValid(Location loc)
{
if (0 <= loc.getRow() && loc.getRow() < this.getNumRows() && 0 <= loc.getCol())
return loc.getCol() < this.getNumCols();
else
return false;
}
public List<Location> getOccupiedLocations()
{
List<Location> list = new List<Location>();
for (int r = 0; r < this.getNumRows(); ++r)
{
for (int c = 0; c < this.getNumCols(); ++c)
{
Location loc = new Location(r, c);
if (this.get(loc) != null)
list.Add(loc);
}
}
return list;
}
public Tile get(Location loc)
{
if (!this.isValid(loc))
throw new Exception("Location " + (object)loc + " is not valid");
else
return this.occupantArray[loc.getRow(), loc.getCol()];
}
public Tile put(Location loc, Tile obj)
{
if (!this.isValid(loc))
throw new Exception("Location " + (object)loc + " is not valid");
if (obj == null)
throw new NullReferenceException("obj == null");
Tile tile = this.get(loc);
this.occupantArray[loc.getRow(), loc.getCol()] = obj;
return tile;
}
public Tile remove(Location loc)
{
if (!this.isValid(loc))
throw new Exception("Location " + (object)loc + " is not valid");
Tile tile = this.get(loc);
this.occupantArray[loc.getRow(), loc.getCol()] = (Tile)null;
return tile;
}
}
}
Edit #8: When I click on the picturebox, the program crashes and it says the the timer.Stop(); in form1 gives me a NullReferenceException!!!
Edit #9: Okay, THAT worked... I have found that the images still do not show up, but I think that they are never being placed on the grid. When I click on the grid ( still has no images) It says that I have won. This should only display after I move the tiles into the correct order. Any idea what is going on?
Edit #10: My program finally works now! It turns out I had something missplaced in the constructor of form1, now everything works! The images show up and everything! How cool is that!!!
THANK YOU EVERYONE FOR YOU CONTRIBUTIONS, I WILL NOW GET A GREAT GRADE ON MY SCHOOL PROJECT!
This is one of those problems that will give you headaches. Trying to nail down the exact sequence of events is fine, when you can guarantee that the events are never going to be invoked out of sequence. Unfortunately the Paint event is one that gets fired at all sorts of odd times, any may be fired even before the Load event.
The only real answer is to never rely on events being fired in a particular sequence. Always check that your myBoard object is valid before trying to paint it:
private void pictureBox1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
{
if (this.myBoard != null)
this.myBoard.paint(e.Graphics);
}
And yes, as others have noted, it is better to create all of your objects as soon as possible - in the constructor for instance, which is what a constructor is for after all. Even then, you can still get events being fired by actions in the constructor that will ruin your whole day. Your even handlers should be set as late as possible in the constructor code to account for this.
Rule(s) of thumb:
if you're creating custom objects that will be used in event handlers, always try to create and initialize them prior to calling InitializeComponent in the constructor.
Wire up your event handlers as late as possible, especially for things like Paint - it won't be useful before your constructor is done, so do it last in the constructor.
Your actual Form1_Load event never gets called (the one where you are initializing your board).
Add this code at the end of the Form1 constructor this.Load +=Form1_Load;
Your pictureBox1.Paint event is raised before your Form1.Load event. Move
myBoard = new SlidePuzzle(rowsCols, tileSize, imageList1);
to your constructor and you should be fine.
So I have recently been trying to learn C#, so I thought I'd try I simple project such as Tic-Tac-Toe. I am currently trying to add click functionality so to make sure it is working I put in a MessageBox.Show to make sure it new which area I was clicking. However, when I ran it no errors appeared and yet when I clicked on a box nothing happened. Does anyone know what is wrong with my code? Is it a problem with the MessageBox.Show code or with something else? Here is my code:
In a Board.cs file I have:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
{
class Board
{
private Rectangle[,] slots = new Rectangle[3, 3];
private Holder[,] holders = new Holder[3, 3];
public const int X = 0;
public const int O = 1;
public const int B = 2;
public void initBoard()
{
for (int x = 0; x < 3; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < 3; y++)
{
slots[x, y] = new Rectangle(x * 167, y * 167, 167, 167);
holders[x, y] = new Holder();
holders[x, y].setValue(B);
holders[x, y].setLocation(new Point(x, y));
}
}
}
public void detectHit(Point loc)
{
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
if (loc.X < 167)
{
x = 0;
}
else if (loc.X > 167 && loc.X < 334)
{
x = 1;
}
else if (loc.X > 334)
{
x = 2;
}
if (loc.Y < 167)
{
y = 0;
}
else if (loc.Y > 167 && loc.Y < 334)
{
y = 1;
}
else if (loc.Y > 334 && loc.Y < 500)
{
y = 2;
}
MessageBox.Show(x.ToString() + ", " + y.ToString() + "/n/n" + loc.ToString());
}
}
class Holder
{
private Point location;
private int value = Board.B;
public void setLocation(Point p)
{
location = p;
}
public Point getLocation()
{
return location;
}
public void setValue(int i)
{
value = i;
}
public int getValue()
{
return value;
}
}
}
Then in my Form1.cs file I have:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
GFX engine;
Board theBoard;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void panel1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
{
Graphics toPass = panel1.CreateGraphics();
engine = new GFX(toPass);
theBoard = new Board();
theBoard.initBoard();
}
private void Form1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Point mouse = Cursor.Position;
mouse = panel1.PointToClient(mouse);
theBoard.detectHit(mouse);
}
}
}
Based on the name of your event handler (Form1_Click), I suspect you've got the click event handler hooked up to your form's click event instead of panel1's click event. Note that if a user clicks a panel inside your form then only the panel's click event will fire, not the form's.
You may not have the event registered. Try registering it in the constructor:
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
//Register click event with handler
this.Click += new EventHandler(Form1_Click);
}
The only explanation that makes any sense is that Form1_Click is not running. If it was executed then detectHit would definitely run. And MessageBox.Show would definitely be called. There are no execution branches that avoid MessageBox.Show being shown. The only possible way for MessageBox.Show not to be called in the event of Form1_Click executing is for an exception to be raised. In which case you would have noticed that.
Either the event handler is not hooked up at all. Or it is hooked up to the form's Click event but you are clicking on the panel rather than the form.
The code below display the index of each button when clicked the buttons are in an array but all this is done in form load. But I want to do the same thing in the click event and not in the form load how would I go about on doing this:
Image:
Code:
namespace _2DArray
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private Button[,] b;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
b = new Button[2, 2];
b = new Button[,] { {button1,button2 },
{button3, button4}};
}
public int x = 0;
public int y = 0;
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
foreach (Button bt in b)
{
bt.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.ClickedButton);
}
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
{
b[i, j].Click += new System.EventHandler(this.ClickedButton);
b[i, j].Name = "X: " + i + " " + "Y: " + j;
}
}
}
private void ClickedButton(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Button s = (Button)sender;
MessageBox.Show("you have clicked button: " + s.Name);
}
}
}
Answered like so:
private void ClickedButton(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Button s = (Button)sender;
int x = int.Parse(s.Name.Split()[1]);
int y = int.Parse(s.Name.Split()[3]);
MessageBox.Show("you have clicked button: " + x +" "+ y);
}
Started learning to code.
Have a console writing a 10 by ten grid of numbers randomly increasing in value.
Tried to do same in a form (DataGridView).
It works fine but there is no window until calcs are finished (I had to put a limit in - instead of an infinite loop).
I came here and read about refresh and doevent - but they dramatically slow everything down. But at least I can see the calcs happening.
I've tried to get my head around backgroundworker and I'm afraid I can't. If I'm in a loop to calculate - how do I separate those calcs from a screen update.
EDIT : Followed Nico's help(Thanks!!) and got this. Much better, but still laggy with big numbers. But a rocket with small numbers.
Any help to make faster?
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace stackoverflowTest
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
Random rnd = new Random((Int32)DateTime.Now.Ticks);
private static int numSides = 8;
int numDice=2;
private int numRolls = 100000000;
private int max = 1;
private int min = 0;
private int diff = 0;
private double pdiff = 0d;
int[] array = new int[numSides *numSides];
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
SetupDataForm1();
SetupDataForm2();
var bw = new BackgroundWorker();
bw.DoWork += BwDoWork;
bw.RunWorkerAsync(); //Start the worker
}
private void BwDoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
for (int rolls = 1; rolls < numRolls+1; rolls++)
{
// Roll two dice and increase that slot in the table
int y = Dice.Roll(numSides, rnd);
int x = Dice.Roll(numSides, rnd);
int k = Convert.ToInt32(dataGridView1.Rows[x].Cells[y].Value);
dataGridView1.Rows[x].Cells[y].Value = k + 1;
//Enter table into an array to work out max/min etc later
for (int i = 0; i < (numSides * numSides); i++)
{
int row = i / numSides;
int col = i % numSides;
array[i] = Convert.ToInt32(dataGridView1.Rows[row].Cells[col].Value);
}
max = array.Max();
min = array.Min();
diff = max - min;
if (max > 0) pdiff = (((double)diff / (max)) * 100);
dataGridView2.Rows[0].Cells[0].Value = rolls;
dataGridView2.Rows[1].Cells[0].Value = max;
dataGridView2.Rows[2].Cells[0].Value = min;
dataGridView2.Rows[3].Cells[0].Value = diff;
dataGridView2.Rows[4].Cells[0].Value = pdiff.ToString("0.000");
dataGridView2.Rows[5].Cells[0].Value = (array.Average()).ToString("0");
dataGridView2.Rows[6].Cells[0].Value = ((array.Average()/rolls)*100).ToString(("0.0000000"));
}
}
private void SetupDataForm1()
{
dataGridView1.Font = new Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 6F);
dataGridView1.RowTemplate.Height = 11;
//Add Columns
for (int i = 0; i < numSides; i++)
{
dataGridView1.Columns.Add(i.ToString(), (i+1).ToString());
dataGridView1.Columns[i].Width = 35;
}
// Add Rows
for (int i = 0; i < numSides; i++)
{
dataGridView1.Rows.Add();
if (i % 2 != 0)
{
dataGridView1.Rows[i].DefaultCellStyle.BackColor = Color.LightGray;
}
dataGridView1.Rows[i].HeaderCell.Value = ((i+1)*10).ToString();
}
}
private void SetupDataForm2()
{
dataGridView2.Font = new Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 8F);
dataGridView2.RowTemplate.Height = 16;
//Add Columns
for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++)
{
dataGridView2.Columns.Add(i.ToString(), "");
dataGridView2.Columns[i].Width = 65;
}
// Add Rows
for (int i = 0; i < numSides; i++)
{
dataGridView2.Rows.Add();
if (i % 2 != 0)
{
dataGridView2.Rows[i].DefaultCellStyle.BackColor = Color.LightGray;
}
}
dataGridView2.Rows[0].HeaderCell.Value = "Rolls";
dataGridView2.Rows[1].HeaderCell.Value = "Max";
dataGridView2.Rows[2].HeaderCell.Value = "Min";
dataGridView2.Rows[3].HeaderCell.Value = "Diff";
dataGridView2.Rows[4].HeaderCell.Value = "%";
dataGridView2.Rows[5].HeaderCell.Value = "Avg";
dataGridView2.Rows[6].HeaderCell.Value = "Av%";
}
public class Dice
{
public static int Roll(int numberOfSides, Random rnd)
{
return rnd.Next(0, numberOfSides);
}
}
}
}
If there is no window, you perform the calculations in the form's constructor. To make the form visible before starting the calculation, put the code in the form's Load event. Therefore double click the event in the form's properties window and a method will be created. Put your code into this method.
If you want to use a background worker, the procedure is similar. However, you need to create the Backgroundworker. E.g. in code:
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var bw = new BackgroundWorker();
bw.DoWork +=
If you start typing that, Visual Studio suggests to create a method for the event. Press Tab twice to generate it and you'll basically get the following code:
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var bw = new BackgroundWorker();
bw.DoWork += bw_DoWork;
bw.RunWorkerAsync(); //Start the worker
}
void bw_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
throw new NotImplementedException(); //remove this
}
Put your calculation code in the bw_DoWork method an it will be executed in the background without affecting the user interface.