XML Deserialisation and XPath? - c#

I have Xml like so
<pda:Party>
...Snip....
<pda:CitizenName>
<pda:CitizenNameTitle>MR</pda:CitizenNameTitle>
<pda:CitizenNameForename>John</pda:CitizenNameForename>
<pda:CitizenNameSurname>Wayne</pda:CitizenNameSurname>
</pda:CitizenName>
.....Snip...
</pda:Party>
Where Citizen Name is a complex type within the Party Node. ( This is xml received from a 3rd party integration that I'm creating an adapter for )
I'm not interested that there is a sub type as in my class I'm attempting to deserialize into I would rather have.
public class Party
{
public string FirstName { get; set; }
public string LastName {get;set;}
}
So rather than have my class definition as a concrete definition of what the XML represents, can I decorate the properties with something like XPath, eg.
[XmlElement("\CitizenName\CitizenNameForeName")]
public string FirstName {get;set;}
To cherry pick information from the xml into a class the contains the data i'm interested in?
The xml received from the 3rd party is very verbose and I'm only interested in specific aspects. One option is to just create an XMLDocument and map to my class manually using XPath and a conversion method, but I thought I would ask in case there was an intermediary solution?

One option would be to use an XSLT transform to parse the incoming XML into s format that matches your class.

In the end, I set up my own attribute to do what i wanted it to do. So a custom attribute that takes an XPath path...
[System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.Property)]
public class PathToXmlNode : System.Attribute
{
public string Path { get; set; }
public PathToXmlNode(string path)
{
this.Path = path;
}
}
followed by a decorated property.. ( namespaces omitted for simplicity )
[PathToXmlNode("Party[1]/CitizenName/CitizenNameForename")]
public string FirstName { get; set; }
Then when i want to populate the class I called the following method.
var type = typeof(T);
foreach (var property in type.GetProperties())
{
var attributes = property.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(PathToXmlNode), true);
if (attributes != null && attributes.Length > 0)
{
//this property has this attribute assigned.
//get the value to assign
var xmlAttribute = (PathToXmlNode)attributes[0];
var node = doc.SelectSingleNode(xmlAttribute.Path, nmgr);
if (node != null && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(node.InnerText))
{
dynamic castedValue;
if (property.PropertyType == typeof(bool))
{
castedValue = Convert.ToBoolean(node.InnerText);
}
...Snip all the casts....
else
{
castedValue = node.InnerText;
}
//we now have the node and it's value, now set it to the property.
property.SetValue(obj, castedValue, System.Reflection.BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, null, System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
}
}
}
This has been a good starting point, however If anyone else see's this as a viable intermediary solution, You need to be aware that it will need adapting for non simple data types. Which is what I'm setting off to do now!

Related

How to fix error Cannot deserialize the current JSON object? [duplicate]

Below is a (slightly) stripped down response I get from a REST API upon successful creation of a new "job code" entry. I need to deserialize the response into some classes, but I'm stumped.
For reference, I'm using JSON.NET in .NET 3.5 (running in a SSIS script in SQL Server 2008 R2) to attempt my deserialization. Here's the JSON - which I obviously have no control over as it's coming from someone else's API:
{
"results":{
"jobcodes":{
"1":{
"_status_code":200,
"_status_message":"Created",
"id":444444444,
"assigned_to_all":false,
"billable":true,
"active":true,
"type":"regular",
"name":"1234 Main Street - Jackson"
},
"2":{
"_status_code":200,
"_status_message":"Created",
"id":1234567890,
"assigned_to_all":false,
"billable":true,
"active":true,
"type":"regular",
"name":"4321 Some Other Street - Jackson"
}
}
}
}
In my C# code, I do have a "JobCode" class defined which only partially maps the JSON values to properties - I'm not interested in all of the data that's returned to me:
[JsonObject]
class JobCode
{
[JsonProperty("_status_code")]
public string StatusCode { get; set; }
[JsonProperty("_status_message")]
public string StatusMessage { get; set; }
[JsonProperty("id")]
public string Id {get; set;}
[JsonProperty("name")]
public string Name { get; set; }
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Empty constructor for JSON serialization support
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
public JobCode() { }
}
I'm attempting to deserialize the data via this call:
newResource = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<JobCode>(jsonResponse);
Where jsonResponse is the code outputted above.
When I execute the code, "newResource" always comes back as null - which is not unexpected because I know that there are actually multiple jobcodes in the data and this code is trying to deserialize it into a single JobCode object. I tried creating a new class called "JobCodes" that looks like this:
class JobCodes
{
[JsonProperty("jobcodes")]
public List<JobCode>_JobCodes { get; set; }
}
And then I tried calling this:
newResource = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<JobCodes>(jsonResponse);
But the issue persists - my return object is null.
What's throwing me off, I think, is the presence of the "1" and "2" identifiers. I don't know how to account for their presence in my object design and/or usage of the JSON.NET class / property attributes like [JsonObject],[JsonProperty], etc.
When I run the JSON data through JSON2CSharp, it constructs some weird-looking classes, so that hasn't proven too effective. I've validated the JSON with several different validators and it all checks out - I just don't know what I'm missing here.
Ultimately, I'd like to return a List from the JSON data, but I'm stumped on what I need to do to make that happen.
Your problem is twofold:
You don't have a class defined at the root level. The class structure needs to match the entire JSON, you can't just deserialize from the middle.
Whenever you have an object whose keys can change, you need to use a Dictionary<string, T>. A regular class won't work for that; neither will a List<T>.
Make your classes like this:
class RootObject
{
[JsonProperty("results")]
public Results Results { get; set; }
}
class Results
{
[JsonProperty("jobcodes")]
public Dictionary<string, JobCode> JobCodes { get; set; }
}
class JobCode
{
[JsonProperty("_status_code")]
public string StatusCode { get; set; }
[JsonProperty("_status_message")]
public string StatusMessage { get; set; }
[JsonProperty("id")]
public string Id { get; set; }
[JsonProperty("name")]
public string Name { get; set; }
}
Then, deserialize like this:
RootObject obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<RootObject>(json);
Working demo here
Excellent Answers!
For those out there that may need some more help with the JSON Class Configuration, try: http://json2csharp.com/#
An excellent way of Auto Generating the Classes!
Or even easier, in VS, Goto:
Edit -> Paste Special -> Paste as JSON Classes
Because you can't change the scheme of JSON, and you can't set constant No. of properties, I'd suggest you to use JObject
var jobject = JObject.Parse(json);
var results = jobject["results"];
var jobcodes = results["jobcodes"];
var output = jobcodes.Children<JProperty>()
.Select(prop => prop.Value.ToObject<JobCode>())
.ToList();
Warning: code assumes, that JSON is always in proper schema. You should also handle invalid schema (for example where property is not of JobCode scheme).
You can also deserialize your json to an object of your target class, and then read its properties as per normal:
var obj = DeSerializeFromStrToObj<ClassToSerialize>(jsonStr);
Console.WriteLine($"Property: {obj.Property}");
where DeSerializeFromStrToObj is a custom class that makes use of reflection to instantiate an object of a targeted class:
public static T DeSerializeFromStrToObj<T>(string json)
{
try
{
var o = (T)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(T));
try
{
var jsonDict = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Dictionary<string, string>>(json);
var props = o.GetType().GetProperties();
if (props == null || props.Length == 0)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Error: properties from target class '{typeof(T)}' could not be read using reflection");
return default;
}
if (jsonDict.Count != props.Length)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Error: number of json lines ({jsonDict.Count}) should be the same as number of properties ({props.Length})of our class '{typeof(T)}'");
return default;
}
foreach (var prop in props)
{
if (prop == null)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Error: there was a prop='null' in our target class '{typeof(T)}'");
return default;
}
if (!jsonDict.ContainsKey(prop.Name))
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Error: jsonStr does not refer to target class '{typeof(T)}'");
return default;
}
var value = jsonDict[prop.Name];
Type t = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(prop.PropertyType) ?? prop.PropertyType;
object safeValue = value ?? Convert.ChangeType(value, t);
prop.SetValue(o, safeValue, null); // initialize property
}
return o;
}
catch (Exception e2)
{
Debug.WriteLine(e2.Message);
return o;
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Debug.WriteLine(e.Message);
return default;
}
}
A complete working example class can be found in my enhanced answer to a similar question, here

Get an exception on PropertyInfo.GetCustomAttribute<T>

I'm working on the business model for my first project(please excuse me if someone finds my code lack of quality, important thing is i'm making progress). I'm stuck trying to find the reason for a bug. I'm creating a view which rely on reflection of properties and custom attributes. I get a null reference exception when i use the PropertyInfo.GetCustomAttribute for the second time on a "property's property". Why does my second call return null. As you can see I have applied the attribute on the property(_TopSchools) which i invoke method on.
public class EducationFilter : Filter
{
[FilterAttribute(FilterType.Child, "Topschools")]//I cant get this attr!
public TopSchoolFilter _TopSchool { get; set; }
}
public class TopSchoolFilter :BooleanFilter
{
}
public class Filters
{
[FilterAttribute(FilterType.Parent, "Education")] //This i can...
public EducationFilter _EducationFilter { get; set; }
public Filters(EducationFilter educationFilter)
{
this._EducationFilter = educationFilter;
}
}
public StackLayout GenerateFilterView(PropertyInfo p,TestModel vm)
{
StackLayout tempStack = new StackLayout();
**FilterAttribute filterAttr = p.GetCustomAttribute<FilterAttribute>();**//This returns the attr instance
IEnumerable<PropertyInfo> filterProperties = p.PropertyType.GetRuntimeProperties();
foreach (PropertyInfo p1 in filterProperties)
{
**FilterAttribute filterAttr1 = p1.GetCustomAttribute<FilterAttribute>();**//But not this one, i get null
If GetCustomAttribute<T>() returns null then that means the custom attribute provider (the property in this case) doesn't have an attribute of that type. If you are only interested in properties with this attribute, you can just skip over the properties without the attribute.
if (filterAttr1 == null) {
continue;
}

Serializing published content in umbraco

I am currently writing an api for a custom application my company is writing. Part of this involves getting published content out in JSON format. When I try serializing ipublishedcontent directly it obviously attempts to serialize all of the umbraco data and relations that I simply don't need (in fact it fails with a stack overflow). Is there a way to get just the custom properties from an item of content without specifying the fields?
I am using webapi and passing it objects to serialize itself and I'm using a dynamic to manually specify the fields. The Product type which I'm initially selecting into is from modelsbuilder. My code currently looks a little like this:
public object Get(string keywords = "")
{
// Get Data from Umbraco
var allProducts = Umbraco.TypedContent(1100).Children.Select(x => new Product(x));
if (keywords != "")
{
allProducts = allProducts.Where(x => x.Name.Contains(keywords));
}
return allProducts.Select(x => new
{
id = x.Id,
name = x.Name,
price = x.Price
});
}
It seems to me that there should be a simple way to do this without having to create a dynamic with just the fields I want but I can't work it out. I just don't want to have to change my code every time the document type in umbraco changes!
You can use Ditto to map your data into an object.
Create an object with properties that match the alias's of your fields (case insensitive)
public class Product{
public int id {get;set;}
public string name {get;set;}
public string price {get;set;}
}
Then map a single or collection of IPublishedContent objects using .As
return allProducts.As<Product>();
You can use the UmbracoProperty attribute to specify the alias too if it is different than you need for your json or use the JsonProperty attribute to change the name on serialize.
Take a look at the code in the MemberListView - it does a similar thing while retrieving Members without knowing in advance what the properties on the MemberType will be:
https://github.com/robertjf/umbMemberListView/blob/master/MemberListView/Models/MemberListItem.cs
For example:
[DataContract(Name = "content", Namespace = "")]
public class MemberListItem
{
// The following properties are "known" - common to all IPublishedContent
[DataMember(Name = "id")]
public int Id { get; set; }
[DataMember(Name = "name")]
public string Name { get; set; }
[DataMember(Name = "contentType")]
public IContentType ContentType { get; set; }
// This one contains a list of all other custom properties.
private Dictionary<string, string> properties;
[DataMember(Name = "properties")]
public IDictionary<string, string> Properties
{
get
{
if (properties == null)
properties = new Dictionary<string, string>();
return properties;
}
}
}
MemberListView converts to this from a list of SearchResult using AutoMapper, but you could just as easily map it from IPublishedContent.

asp.net mvc web api partial update with OData Patch

I am using HttpPatch to partially update an object. To get that working I am using Delta and Patch method from OData (mentioned here: What's the currently recommended way of performing partial updates with Web API?). Everything seems to be working fine but noticed that mapper is case sensitive; when the following object is passed the properties are getting updated values:
{
"Title" : "New title goes here",
"ShortDescription" : "New text goes here"
}
But when I pass the same object with lower or camel-case properties, Patch doesn't work - new value is not going through, so it looks like there is a problem with deserialisation and properties mapping, ie: "shortDescription" to "ShortDescription".
Is there a config section that will ignore case sensitivity using Patch?
FYI:
On output I have camel-case properties (following REST best practices) using the following formatter:
//formatting
JsonSerializerSettings jss = new JsonSerializerSettings();
jss.ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver();
config.Formatters.JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings = jss;
//sample output
{
"title" : "First",
"shortDescription" : "First post!"
}
My model classes however are follwing C#/.NET formatting conventions:
public class Entry {
public string Title { get; set;}
public string ShortDescription { get; set;}
//rest of the code omitted
}
Short answer, No there is no config option to undo the case sensitiveness (as far as i know)
Long answer: I had the same problem as you today, and this is how i worked around it.
I found it incredibly annoying that it had to be case sensitive, thus i decided to do away with the whole oData part, since it is a huge library that we are abusing....
An example of this implementation can be found at my github github
I decided to implement my own patch method, since that is the muscle that we are actually lacking. I created the following abstract class:
public abstract class MyModel
{
public void Patch(Object u)
{
var props = from p in this.GetType().GetProperties()
let attr = p.GetCustomAttribute(typeof(NotPatchableAttribute))
where attr == null
select p;
foreach (var prop in props)
{
var val = prop.GetValue(this, null);
if (val != null)
prop.SetValue(u, val);
}
}
}
Then i make all my model classes inherit from *MyModel*. note the line where i use *let*, i will excplain that later. So now you can remove the Delta from you controller action, and just make it Entry again, as with the put method. e.g.
public IHttpActionResult PatchUser(int id, Entry newEntry)
You can still use the patch method the way you used to:
var entry = dbContext.Entries.SingleOrDefault(p => p.ID == id);
newEntry.Patch(entry);
dbContext.SaveChanges();
Now, let's get back to the line
let attr = p.GetCustomAttribute(typeof(NotPatchableAttribute))
I found it a security risk that just any property would be able to be updated with a patch request. For example, you might now want the an ID to be changeble by the patch. I created a custom attribute to decorate my properties with. the NotPatchable attribute:
public class NotPatchableAttribute : Attribute {}
You can use it just like any other attribute:
public class User : MyModel
{
[NotPatchable]
public int ID { get; set; }
[NotPatchable]
public bool Deleted { get; set; }
public string FirstName { get; set; }
}
This in this call the Deleted and ID properties cannot be changed though the patch method.
I hope this solve it for you as well. Do not hesitate to leave a comment if you have any questions.
I added a screenshot of me inspecting the props in a new mvc 5 project. As you can see the Result view is populated with the Title and ShortDescription.
It can be done quite easily with a custom contract resolver that inherits CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver and implementing CreateContract method that look at concrete type for delta and gets the actual property name instead of using the one that comes from json. Abstract is below:
public class DeltaContractResolver : CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver
{
protected override JsonContract CreateContract(Type objectType)
{
// This class special cases the JsonContract for just the Delta<T> class. All other types should function
// as usual.
if (objectType.IsGenericType &&
objectType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Delta<>) &&
objectType.GetGenericArguments().Length == 1)
{
var contract = CreateDynamicContract(objectType);
contract.Properties.Clear();
var underlyingContract = CreateObjectContract(objectType.GetGenericArguments()[0]);
var underlyingProperties =
underlyingContract.CreatedType.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
foreach (var property in underlyingContract.Properties)
{
property.DeclaringType = objectType;
property.ValueProvider = new DynamicObjectValueProvider()
{
PropertyName = this.ResolveName(underlyingProperties, property.PropertyName),
};
contract.Properties.Add(property);
}
return contract;
}
return base.CreateContract(objectType);
}
private string ResolveName(PropertyInfo[] properties, string propertyName)
{
var prop = properties.SingleOrDefault(p => p.Name.Equals(propertyName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
if (prop != null)
{
return prop.Name;
}
return propertyName;
}
}

XML deserialize null elements?

trying to deserialize a Xml string, but always get problem for elements like these:
<Taxable />
<DefaultPurchasePrice />
My C# code snippet:
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Product", Namespace = "http://api.test.com/version/1", IsNullable = false)]
public class Product
{
public Guid Guid { get; set; }
public string ProductName { get; set; }
public bool Taxable { get; set; }
public Decimal DefautSellPrice { get; set; }
[XmlElement("DefaultPurchasePrice")]
public string DefaultPurchasePriceElement
{
get
{
if (DefaultPurchasePrice == null)
return String.Empty;
else
return DefaultPurchasePrice.ToString();
}
set
{
if (value == null | value.Length == 0)
DefaultPurchasePrice = null;
else
DefaultPurchasePrice = Convert.ToDecimal(value);
}
}
[XmlIgnore]
public decimal? DefaultPurchasePrice{ get; set;}
}
Seems like
xsi:nil="true"
attribute in XML should solve my problem. But as we are using XML provided by from a REST server as part of an API testing. We don't have direct control how the XML be constructed, but we can give them feedback. So I think I should explicitly ask them to fix their XML, as it is their XML's problem right?
In the mean time, I could get individual elements deserialized by the following code:
[XmlElement("DefaultPurchasePrice")]
public string DefaultPurchasePriceElement
{
get
{
if (DefaultPurchasePrice == null)
return String.Empty;
else
return DefaultPurchasePrice.ToString();
}
set
{
if (value == null | value.Length == 0)
DefaultPurchasePrice = null;
else
DefaultPurchasePrice = Convert.ToDecimal(value);
}
}
[XmlIgnore]
public decimal? DefaultPurchasePrice{ get; set;}
But there are quite a few null elements in the XML string, and again, the other party could fix their XML so I don't need do anything to my deserialize code in that case right?
Anyway, could I do something in my code before deserialization so the XML could have proper xsi:nil="true" attribute for null elements so that I don't need do much in my C# code but can quickly fix their XML?
I am thinking about #Ryan's solution in the 2nd last from here: deserialize-xml-with-empty-elements-in-c, but not sure are there any better solutions?
EDIT:
Just did a small test, adding xsi:nill='true' in XML null elements will indeed working with my existing C# code.
But I do need make sure my C# class mapped from XML have nullable datattype for those null elements comeing from XML with xsi:nill='true'. But it make sense: when some datafield come from XML might be a null type, I need explicitly define the correspond datatype as nullable. I am much happy with that rather than my current solution.
I don't know the answer to your problem, but it seems to me that asking your colleagues to fix their XML isn't the right answer. It is common wisdom when writing network and file format code to "Be conservative in what you give, but accepting in what you receive", or some such.
That is, you should be prepared to receive just about ANYTHING in your incoming XML stream. If the XML is well-formed and contains the elements and attributes you require, you should be able to parse it correctly. If it has elements you don't permit, you should gracefully either ignore them or raise an error condition. If the XML is not well-formed, you should raise an error.
Otherwise your program won't be robust in the face of errors coming in from the other end, and could have security holes.

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