How do i resize the Bitmap in this function? - c#

All the time the size is 1920x1080 but i want it to be for example 10x10 so the process in the function will be faster. I dont mind the size of the bitmap or its quality i just want it to be faster.
In this function im creating an histogram of each Bitmap. The problem is that the FOR loops take very long.
public static long[] GetHistogram(Bitmap b)
{
long[] myHistogram = new long[256]; // histogram סופר כמה יש מכל גוון
BitmapData bmData = null;
//b = new Bitmap(100, 100);
//b.SetPixel(0,0,Color.FromArgb(10,30,40,50)); //run and make it come to here
try
{
ResizeBitmap(b, 10, 10);
//Lock it fixed with 32bpp
bmData = b.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, b.Width, b.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
int scanline = bmData.Stride;
System.IntPtr Scan0 = bmData.Scan0;
unsafe
{
byte* p = (byte*)(void*)Scan0;
int nWidth = b.Width;
int nHeight = b.Height;
for (int y = 0; y < nHeight; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < nWidth; x++)
{
long Temp = 0;
Temp += p[0]; // p[0] - blue, p[1] - green , p[2]-red
Temp += p[1];
Temp += p[2];
Temp = (int)Temp / 3;
myHistogram[Temp]++;
//we do not need to use any offset, we always can increment by pixelsize when
//locking in 32bppArgb - mode
p += 4;
}
}
}
b.UnlockBits(bmData);
}
catch
{
try
{
b.UnlockBits(bmData);
}
catch
{
}
}
return myHistogram; // to save to a file the histogram of all the bitmaps/frames each line contain 0 to 256 values of a frame.
}
So im calling this function: ResizeBitmap(b, 10, 10);
And try to resize each bitmap but after this line i see that the bitmap size is still 1920x1080
This is the ResizeBitmap function:
public static Bitmap ResizeBitmap(Bitmap b, int nWidth, int nHeight)
{
Bitmap result = new Bitmap(nWidth, nHeight);
using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage((Image)result))
g.DrawImage(b, 0, 0, nWidth, nHeight);
return result;
}
Maybe there is another way to make the GetHistogram function to work faster ?

The method returns the new bitmap, so you should use the return value:
Bitmap newBitmap = ResizeBitmap(b, 10, 10);
b.Dispose();
b = newBitmap;
Side note: You are ignoring the stride of the image, which means that the pointer can go outside the image data. Consider that the stride is negative if the bitmap is stored upside down.

Related

How to compare 2 images and compare them

I am making a video recorder, The app works by taking a lot of screenshots and putting them together into one video. Also, I am trying to make something like screen motion detection. I need the app to take screenshots only when a difference in the screen is detected. I was thinking about how to do that, and I believe I need to make it still take screenshots while comparing them to the previous one. Is there a way to do that?
The code:
//Record video:
public void RecordVideo()
{
//Keep track of time:
watch.Start();
using (Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(bounds.Width, bounds.Height))
{
using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap))
{
//Add screen to bitmap:
g.CopyFromScreen(new Point(bounds.Left, bounds.Top), Point.Empty, bounds.Size);
}
//Save screenshot:
string name = tempPath + "//screenshot-" + fileCount + ".png";
bitmap.Save(name, ImageFormat.Png);
inputImageSequence.Add(name);
fileCount++;
//Dispose of bitmap:
bitmap.Dispose();
}
}
I have something that may be useful for you. The idea is save only the differences between the images and, with that, recreate later all images from starting image and saved changes.
To do this, you only need make a XOR operation in the image bytes. This method allow you get the difference (the array parameter) between two images:
protected void ApplyXor(Bitmap img1, Bitmap img2, byte[] array)
{
const ImageLockMode rw = ImageLockMode.ReadWrite;
const PixelFormat argb = PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb;
var locked1 = img1.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, img1.Width, img1.Height), rw, argb);
var locked2 = img2.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, img2.Width, img2.Height), rw, argb);
try
{
ApplyXor(locked2, locked1, array);
}
finally
{
img1.UnlockBits(locked1);
img2.UnlockBits(locked2);
}
}
With the previous img1 bitmap and the array returned, you can get the img2 with this method:
protected void ApplyXor(Bitmap img1, byte[] array, Bitmap img2)
{
const ImageLockMode rw = ImageLockMode.ReadWrite;
const PixelFormat argb = PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb;
var locked1 = img1.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, img1.Width, img1.Height), rw, argb);
var locked2 = img2.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, img2.Width, img2.Height), rw, argb);
try
{
ApplyXor(locked1, array, locked2);
}
finally
{
img1.UnlockBits(locked1);
img2.UnlockBits(locked2);
}
}
And here the other required methods:
private unsafe void ApplyXor(BitmapData img1, BitmapData img2, byte[] array)
{
byte* prev0 = (byte*)img1.Scan0.ToPointer();
byte* cur0 = (byte*)img2.Scan0.ToPointer();
int height = img1.Height;
int width = img1.Width;
int halfwidth = width / 2;
fixed (byte* target = array)
{
ulong* dst = (ulong*)target;
for (int y = 0; y < height; ++y)
{
ulong* prevRow = (ulong*)(prev0 + img1.Stride * y);
ulong* curRow = (ulong*)(cur0 + img2.Stride * y);
for (int x = 0; x < halfwidth; ++x)
{
if (curRow[x] != prevRow[x])
{
int a = 0;
}
*(dst++) = curRow[x] ^ prevRow[x];
}
}
}
}
private unsafe void ApplyXor(BitmapData img1, byte[] array, BitmapData img2)
{
byte* prev0 = (byte*)img1.Scan0.ToPointer();
byte* cur0 = (byte*)img2.Scan0.ToPointer();
int height = img1.Height;
int width = img1.Width;
int halfwidth = width / 2;
fixed (byte* target = array)
{
ulong* dst = (ulong*)target;
for (int y = 0; y < height; ++y)
{
ulong* prevRow = (ulong*)(prev0 + img1.Stride * y);
ulong* curRow = (ulong*)(cur0 + img2.Stride * y);
for (int x = 0; x < halfwidth; ++x)
{
curRow[x] = *(dst++) ^ prevRow[x];
}
}
}
}
NOTE: You must configure your project to allow unsafe.
With previous methods, you can do:
Save a img1 bitmap
Get img2 bitmap, do XOR and get the array (array2, for example)
With img3, get the XOR with img2 (array3, for example). Now, img2 isn't needed
With img4, get the XOR with img3 (array4). Now, img3 isn't needed
...
You have img1 and array2, array3, array4... and you can recreate all images:
Make XOR between img1 and array2 to get img2
Make XOR between img2 and array3 to get img3
...
If you need send video over TCP, you can send the images sending one image and the XOR arrays (the differences). Or better yet, compress the XOR arrays using K4os.Compression.LZ4.

Extract area from bitmap results in AccessViolationException when using Marshal.Copy

I am trying to extract a specific area from a bitmap for further processing. In rare cases an error occurs when Marshal.Copy is called. This can be reproduced with the following example code:
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(1741, 2141, PixelFormat.Format1bppIndexed);
int zoneWidth = 50;
int zoneHeight = 50;
int x = 168;
int y = bitmap.Height - zoneHeight;
Rectangle zone = new Rectangle(x, y, zoneWidth, zoneHeight);
BitmapData bitmapData = bitmap.LockBits(zone, ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, bitmap.PixelFormat);
int byteCount = Math.Abs(bitmapData.Stride) * bitmapData.Height;
byte[] pixels = new byte[byteCount];
Marshal.Copy(bitmapData.Scan0, pixels, 0, byteCount);
// some further processing
bitmap.UnlockBits(bitmapData);
In other posts I have read that Stride can be negative. That is not the case here.
Why does the error occur and how can I prevent it?
Edit 1:
I have implemented the second suggestion of JonasH. But that also fails with the AccessViolationException. Probably I did not do that correctly.
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(1741, 2141, PixelFormat.Format1bppIndexed);
int zoneWidth = 50;
int zoneHeight = 50;
int zoneX = 168;
int zoneY = bitmap.Height - zoneHeight;
Rectangle zone = new Rectangle(zoneX, zoneY, zoneWidth, zoneHeight);
BitmapData bitmapData = bitmap.LockBits(zone, ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, bitmap.PixelFormat);
int rowSize = Math.Abs(bitmapData.Stride);
byte[] pixels = new byte[bitmapData.Height * rowSize];
IntPtr iptr = bitmapData.Scan0;
for (int y = 0; y < bitmapData.Height; y++)
{
Marshal.Copy(IntPtr.Add(iptr, y * rowSize),
pixels,
y * rowSize,
rowSize);
}
bitmap.UnlockBits(bitmapData);
This is probably because you are only locking part of the bitmap. Replace the zone with new Rectangle(0, 0, bitmap.Width , bitmap.Height); and I would expect your problem to disappear.
The alternative would be to restrict the copy-operation to the locked part of the bitmap, but that would require copying row by row and not the entire bitmap at once.
Copying row by row needs careful usage of offsets, you need to keep track of both the horizontal and vertical offsets of both the source and target data. I think something like this should work:
for (int y = 0; y < zoneHeight ; y++)
{
Marshal.Copy(
IntPtr.Add(iptr,(y + zoneY ) * bitmapData.Stride + zoneX)
pixels,
y * zoneWidth,
zoneWidth );
}

c# crop image on specific pixel

i would like to crop an image from a full image only at a specific part this is my code
private unsafe Bitmap GetDiffBitmap(Bitmap bmp)
{
BitmapData bmDataRes;
bmpRes = new Bitmap(bmp.Width, bmp.Height);
bmData = bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bmp.Width, bmp.Height), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, bmp.PixelFormat);
bmDataRes = bmpRes.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bmpRes.Width, bmpRes.Height), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
IntPtr scan0 = bmData.Scan0;
IntPtr scan0Res = bmDataRes.Scan0;
int stride = bmData.Stride;
int strideRes = bmDataRes.Stride;
int nWidth = bmp.Width;
int nHeight = bmp.Height;
for(int y = 0; y < nHeight; y++)
{
byte* p = (byte*)scan0.ToPointer();
p += y * stride;
byte* pRes = (byte*)scan0Res.ToPointer();
pRes += y * strideRes;
for (int x = 0; x < nWidth; x++)
{
//always get the complete pixel when differences are found
if (p[0] ==255)
{
pRes[0] = p[0];
pRes[1] = p[1];
pRes[2] = p[2];
//alpha (opacity)
pRes[3] = p[3];
}
else
{
bmpRes.UnlockBits(bmDataRes);
break;
}
p += 4;
pRes += 4;
}
}
return bmpRes;
}
as you can see i just want to copy the pixels when the red byte is 255 and if its not,immediently to stop and break. i want to find continuous red parts.
but im getting a weird exception on that line when i release the bitmap
bmpRes.UnlockBits(bmDataRes); the exception -A generic error occurred in GDI+ any idea why is it throwing that error?
You should break the outter for loop as well.
What happens is that you're trying to UnlockBits more than once, actually.
Or more simply you can change
bmpRes.UnlockBits(bmDataRes);
break;
into
bmpRes.UnlockBits(bmDataRes);
return bmpRes;

C# Creating PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb skewing image

I am trying to combine 3 grayscale bitmaps into one color bitmap. All three grayscale images are the same size (this is based off of data from the Hubble). My logic is:
Load "blue" image and convert to PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb. Based off of that create a new byte array that is 4 times as large as the blue data array length/3 (so it will be one byte for blue, one byte for green, one byte for red, one byte for alpha per pixel since my system is little endian). Populate the "blue" bytes of the array from the "blue" bytes of the blue image (and in this first loop set the alpha byte to 255). I then load the green and red bitmaps, convert them to PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb, and pull the g/r value and add it to the correct place in the data array. The final data array then has the bgra bytes set correctly from what I can tell.
When I have the data array populated, I have used it to:
Create a PixelFormats.Bgra32 BitmapSource then convert that to a Bitmap.
Create a PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb Bitmap using the Bitmap constructor (width, height, stride, PixelForma, IntPtr)
Create a PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb Bitmap using pointers
All three ways of creating a return bitmap result in the image being "skewed" (sorry, I don't know of a better word).
The actual output (of all three ways of generating the final bitmap) is: Actual output
The desired output is something like (this was done in photoshop so it is slightly different): Desired output
The three file names (_blueFileName, _greenFileName, _redFileName) are set in the constructor and I check to make sure the files exist before creating the class. I can post that code if anyone wants it.
Can anyone tell me what I am doing wrong? I am guessing that is is due to the stride or something like that?
Note: I can't post the links to the images I am using as input as I don't have 10 reputation points. Maybe I could send the links via email or something if someone wants them as well.
Here is my code (with some stuff commented out, the comments describe what happens if each commented out block is used instead):
public Bitmap Merge()
{
// Load original "blue" bitmap.
Bitmap tblueBitmap = (Bitmap)Image.FromFile(_blueFileName);
int width = tblueBitmap.Width;
int height = tblueBitmap.Height;
// Convert to 24 bpp rgb (which is bgr on little endian machines)
Bitmap blueBitmap = new Bitmap(width, height, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
using (Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(blueBitmap))
{
gr.DrawImage(tblueBitmap, 0, 0, width, height);
}
tblueBitmap.Dispose();
// Lock and copy to byte array.
BitmapData blueData = blueBitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, blueBitmap.Width, blueBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly,
blueBitmap.PixelFormat);
int numbBytes = blueData.Stride*blueBitmap.Height;
byte[] blueBytes = new byte[numbBytes];
Marshal.Copy(blueData.Scan0, blueBytes, 0, numbBytes);
blueBitmap.UnlockBits(blueData);
blueData = null;
blueBitmap.Dispose();
int mult = 4;
byte[] data = new byte[(numbBytes/3)*mult];
int count = 0;
// Copy every third byte starting at 0 to the final data array (data).
for (int i = 0; i < data.Length / mult; i++)
{
// Check for overflow
if (blueBytes.Length <= count*3 + 2)
{
continue;
}
// First pass, set Alpha channel.
data[i * mult + 3] = 255;
// Set blue byte.
data[i*mult] = blueBytes[count*3];
count++;
}
// Cleanup.
blueBytes = null;
int generation = GC.GetGeneration(this);
GC.Collect(generation);
Bitmap tgreenBitmap = (Bitmap)Image.FromFile(_greenFileName);
Bitmap greenBitmap = new Bitmap(width, height, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
using (Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(greenBitmap))
{
gr.DrawImage(tgreenBitmap, 0, 0, width, height);
}
tgreenBitmap.Dispose();
BitmapData greenData = greenBitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, greenBitmap.Width, greenBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly,
greenBitmap.PixelFormat);
numbBytes = greenData.Stride * greenBitmap.Height;
byte[] greenBytes = new byte[numbBytes];
Marshal.Copy(greenData.Scan0, greenBytes, 0, numbBytes);
greenBitmap.UnlockBits(greenData);
greenData = null;
greenBitmap.Dispose();
count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < data.Length / mult; i++)
{
if (greenBytes.Length <= count * 3 + 1)
{
continue;
}
// Set green byte
data[i * mult + 1] = greenBytes[count * 3 + 1];
count++;
}
greenBytes = null;
generation = GC.GetGeneration(this);
GC.Collect(generation);
Bitmap tredBitmap = (Bitmap)Image.FromFile(_redFileName);
Bitmap redBitmap = new Bitmap(width, height, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
using (Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(redBitmap))
{
gr.DrawImage(tredBitmap, 0, 0, width, height);
}
tredBitmap.Dispose();
BitmapData redData = redBitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, redBitmap.Width, redBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly,
redBitmap.PixelFormat);
numbBytes = redData.Stride * redBitmap.Height;
byte[] redBytes = new byte[numbBytes];
Marshal.Copy(redData.Scan0, redBytes, 0, numbBytes);
redBitmap.UnlockBits(redData);
redData = null;
redBitmap.Dispose();
count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < data.Length / mult; i++)
{
if (redBytes.Length <= count * 3+2)
{
count++;
continue;
}
// set red byte
data[i * mult + 2] = redBytes[count * 3 + 2];
count++;
}
redBytes = null;
generation = GC.GetGeneration(this);
GC.Collect(generation);
int stride = (width*32 + 7)/8;
var bi = BitmapSource.Create(width, height, 96, 96, PixelFormats.Bgra32, null, data, stride);
// uncomment out below to see what a bitmap source to bitmap does. So far, it is exactly the same as
// the uncommented out lines below.
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//return BitmapImage2Bitmap(bi);
unsafe
{
fixed (byte* p = data)
{
IntPtr ptr = (IntPtr)p;
// Trying the commented out lines returns the same bitmap as the uncommented out lines.
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
byte* p2 = (byte*)ptr;
Bitmap retBitmap = new Bitmap(width, height, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
BitmapData fData = retBitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite,
PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
unsafe
{
for (int i = 0; i < fData.Height; i++)
{
byte* imgPtr = (byte*)(fData.Scan0 + (fData.Stride * i));
for (int x = 0; x < fData.Width; x++)
{
for (int ii = 0; ii < 4; ii++)
{
*imgPtr++ = *p2++;
}
//*imgPtr++ = 255;
}
}
}
retBitmap.UnlockBits(fData);
//Bitmap retBitmap = new Bitmap(width, height, GetStride(width, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb),
// PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb, ptr);
return retBitmap;
}
}
}
private Bitmap BitmapImage2Bitmap(BitmapSource bitmapSrc)
{
using (MemoryStream outStream = new MemoryStream())
{
BitmapEncoder enc = new BmpBitmapEncoder();
enc.Frames.Add(BitmapFrame.Create(bitmapSrc));
enc.Save(outStream);
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(outStream);
return new Bitmap(bitmap);
}
}
private int GetStride(int width, PixelFormat pxFormat)
{
int bitsPerPixel = ((int)pxFormat >> 8) & 0xFF;
int validBitsPerLine = width * bitsPerPixel;
int stride = ((validBitsPerLine + 31) / 32) * 4;
return stride;
}
You are missing the gap between the lines. The Stride value is not the amount of data in a line, it's the distance between the start of one line to the next. There may be a gap at the end of each line to align the next line on an even address boundary.
The Stride value can even be negative, then the image is stored upside down in memory. To get the data without the gaps and to handle all cases you need to copy one line at a time:
BitmapData blueData = blueBitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, blueBitmap.Width, blueBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, blueBitmap.PixelFormat);
int lineBytes = blueBitmap.Width * 3;
int numbBytes = lineBytes * blueBitmap.Height;
byte[] blueBytes = new byte[numbBytes];
for (int y = 0; y < blueBitmap.Height; y++) {
Marshal.Copy(blueData.Scan0 + y * blueData.Stride, blueBytes, y * lineBytes, lineBytes);
}
blueBitmap.UnlockBits(blueData);
blueBitmap.Dispose();

I have a function that creates histogram of each Bitmap. How can I create another 3 histograms for R.G.B of each Bitmap?

This is the histogram function I'm using today and if I'm not wrong it's creating an histogram by Gray color.
What i want is another function that will return me 3 histograms of each Bitmap:
The first histogram will be of the Red color of the bitmap the second for the Green color and the last one for the Blue color.
public static long[] GetHistogram(Bitmap b)
{
long[] myHistogram = new long[256];
BitmapData bmData = null;
try
{
//Lock it fixed with 32bpp
bmData = b.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, b.Width, b.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
int scanline = bmData.Stride;
System.IntPtr Scan0 = bmData.Scan0;
unsafe
{
byte* p = (byte*)(void*)Scan0;
int nWidth = b.Width;
int nHeight = b.Height;
for (int y = 0; y < nHeight; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < nWidth; x++)
{
long Temp = 0;
Temp += p[0]; // p[0] - blue, p[1] - green , p[2]-red
Temp += p[1];
Temp += p[2];
Temp = (int)Temp / 3;
myHistogram[Temp]++;
//we do not need to use any offset, we always can increment by pixelsize when
//locking in 32bppArgb - mode
p += 4;
}
}
}
b.UnlockBits(bmData);
}
catch
{
try
{
b.UnlockBits(bmData);
}
catch
{
}
}
return myHistogram;
}
How may I do it ?
In the part where you specify
Temp += p[0]
...
put the three values into separate histograms:
histB[p[0]]++;
histG[p[1]]++;
histR[p[2]]++;
You can use jagged array(array of arrays) where values from p[0],p[1],p[2] may put into the jagged array. and then work with the indexed values of the jagged array.
Hope this helps

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