I though the following code would work but every time I look at file.Item; it is null. Should I be doing something different?
Microsoft.Office.Server.Search.Query.FullTextSqlQuery query = new Microsoft.Office.Server.Search.Query.FullTextSqlQuery(siteCollection);
query.QueryText = "SELECT Title, Path, Description, Write, Rank, Size from scope() where \"scope\" = 'SocialNetworking'";
query.ResultTypes = Microsoft.Office.Server.Search.Query.ResultType.RelevantResults;
//query.RowLimit = Int32.MaxValue;
query.TrimDuplicates = true;
query.EnableStemming = false;
query.IgnoreAllNoiseQuery = true;
query.KeywordInclusion = Microsoft.Office.Server.Search.Query.KeywordInclusion.AllKeywords;
query.Timeout = 0x2710;
query.HighlightedSentenceCount = 3;
query.SiteContext = new Uri(siteCollection.Url);
query.AuthenticationType = Microsoft.Office.Server.Search.Query.QueryAuthenticationType.NtAuthenticatedQuery;
Microsoft.Office.Server.Search.Query.ResultTableCollection queryResults = query.Execute();
Microsoft.Office.Server.Search.Query.ResultTable queryResultsTable = queryResults[Microsoft.Office.Server.Search.Query.ResultType.RelevantResults];
DataTable queryDataTable = new DataTable();
queryDataTable.Load(queryResultsTable, LoadOption.OverwriteChanges);
foreach (DataRow dr in queryDataTable.Rows)
{
//if (dr["ContentType"].ToString() == "Item")
//{
using (SPSite lookupSite = new SPSite(dr["Path"].ToString()))
{
using (SPWeb web = lookupSite.OpenWeb())
{
SPFile file = web.GetFile(dr["Path"].ToString());
SPListItem li = file.Item;
}
}
//}
}
If you know it is an item try SPWeb.GetListItem
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.sharepoint.spweb.getlistitem.aspx
The file might also not exist, check SPFile.Exists before using any of SPFile's properties
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.sharepoint.spfile.exists.aspx
Related
I've got some code that I have used to pull Google Analytics data with a c# console application and it works great. Whenever I try to use that same code in an SSIS script task I get the error "Error deserializing JSON credential data.". I get the error when running locally and when deployed. I've got all the libraries added to the GAC and I'm using the same version libraries and .net Framework as the console app. Anyone have any ideas?
public void Main()
{
string SQL_Script = null;
string ErrorMessage = string.Empty;
string ExceptionMessage = "No error";
// Declare the variables that you'll be pulling from Google Analytics into the database
DateTime GA_Session_Date = new DateTime();
DateTime GA_End_Date = new DateTime();
GA_End_Date = DateTime.Today.AddDays(-1);
string GA_TransactionId = null;
string GA_ChannelGrouping = null;
string GA_Source = null;
string GA_Medium = null;
string GA_Keyword = null;
string GA_Campaign = null;
string GA_Device_Category = null;
string GA_Region = null;
int GA_Transactions = 0;
/*
* Get the last SessionDate loaded
*/
GA_Session_Date = Convert.ToDateTime(GetMaxSessionnDate());
GA_Session_Date = GA_Session_Date.AddDays(-1);
/*
* Delete the last SessionDate loaded from the table
*
* The free version of Google Analytics takes up to 24 hours to bake
* so reloading the last day will ensure that we get all of the data.
*/
SQL_Script = "DELETE FROM OmniChannelAnalytics.GoogleAnalytics.Transactions WHERE SessionDate >= '" + GA_Session_Date.ToString() + "';";
ErrorMessage = ExecuteSQL(SQL_Script);
/*
* Create the DataTable and DataSet to house the data from GA until
* it is bulk loaded into SQL
*/
DataSet dataSet = new DataSet();
DataTable sessionTable = new DataTable();
sessionTable.TableName = "Sessions";
// Add the columns to the Sessions table
sessionTable.Columns.Add("SessionDate", typeof(string));
sessionTable.Columns.Add("TransactionId", typeof(string));
sessionTable.Columns.Add("ChannelGrouping", typeof(string));
sessionTable.Columns.Add("Source", typeof(string));
sessionTable.Columns.Add("Medium", typeof(string));
sessionTable.Columns.Add("Keyword", typeof(string));
sessionTable.Columns.Add("Campaign", typeof(string));
sessionTable.Columns.Add("DeviceCategory", typeof(string));
sessionTable.Columns.Add("Region", typeof(string));
sessionTable.Columns.Add("Transactions", typeof(int));
sessionTable.Columns.Add("LoadDate", typeof(string));
dataSet.Tables.Add(sessionTable);
while (GA_Session_Date <= GA_End_Date)
{
try
{
var credential = Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2.GoogleCredential.FromFile(GlobalVariables.GA_ClientSecretFileLocation)
.CreateScoped(new[] { Google.Apis.AnalyticsReporting.v4.AnalyticsReportingService.Scope.AnalyticsReadonly });
using (var analytics = new Google.Apis.AnalyticsReporting.v4.AnalyticsReportingService(new Google.Apis.Services.BaseClientService.Initializer
{
HttpClientInitializer = credential
}))
{
var request = analytics.Reports.BatchGet(new GetReportsRequest
{
ReportRequests = new[] {
new ReportRequest{
DateRanges = new[] { new DateRange{ StartDate = GA_Session_Date.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"), EndDate = GA_Session_Date.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd") } },
Dimensions = new[] {
new Dimension{ Name = "ga:transactionId" }
, new Dimension { Name = "ga:channelGrouping" }
, new Dimension { Name = "ga:sourceMedium" }
, new Dimension { Name = "ga:keyword" }
, new Dimension { Name = "ga:campaign" }
, new Dimension { Name = "ga:deviceCategory" }
, new Dimension { Name = "ga:region" }
},
Metrics = new[] { new Metric{ Expression = "ga:transactions", Alias = "Transactions"}},
ViewId = GlobalVariables.GA_View_ID
}
}
});
var response = request.Execute();
foreach (var row in response.Reports[0].Data.Rows)
{
GA_TransactionId = row.Dimensions[0];
GA_ChannelGrouping = row.Dimensions[1];
GA_Source = row.Dimensions[2].Substring(0, row.Dimensions[2].IndexOf("/")).Trim().Replace("'", "''");
GA_Medium = row.Dimensions[2].Substring(row.Dimensions[2].IndexOf("/") + 1, row.Dimensions[2].Length - row.Dimensions[2].IndexOf("/") - 1).Trim().Replace("'", "''");
GA_Keyword = row.Dimensions[3];
GA_Campaign = row.Dimensions[4];
GA_Device_Category = row.Dimensions[5];
GA_Region = row.Dimensions[6];
foreach (var metric in row.Metrics)
{
GA_Transactions = Convert.ToInt32(metric.Values[0]);
}
// Populate the data table to hold until everything is bulk loaded into SQL
DataRow newRow = sessionTable.NewRow();
newRow["SessionDate"] = GA_Session_Date;
newRow["TransactionId"] = GA_TransactionId;
newRow["ChannelGrouping"] = GA_ChannelGrouping;
newRow["Source"] = GA_Source;
newRow["Medium"] = GA_Medium;
newRow["Keyword"] = GA_Keyword;
newRow["Campaign"] = GA_Campaign;
newRow["DeviceCategory"] = GA_Device_Category;
newRow["Region"] = GA_Region;
newRow["Transactions"] = GA_Transactions;
newRow["LoadDate"] = DateTime.Now;
sessionTable.Rows.Add(newRow);
} // foreach (var row in rows)
}
} // try
catch (Exception ex)
{
ExceptionMessage = ex.Message;
}
finally
{
// Import the current day's Session data
foreach (DataTable table in dataSet.Tables)
{
ImportTable(table);
}
sessionTable.Clear();
}
// Iterate the session date to import by 1
GA_Session_Date = GA_Session_Date.AddDays(1);
} // while (GA_Session_Date <= GA_End_Date)
Dts.TaskResult = (int)ScriptResults.Success;
}
I try to generate a script which is contains datas in INSERT script forms,
I try to use a reference (see below) to do it
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;
with this code draft
Server serv = new Server(db);
Database simba = serv.Databases[dbname];
string script = "";
ScriptingOptions so = new ScriptingOptions()
{
ScriptData = true,
ScriptSchema = false,
ScriptDrops = false
};
foreach (Table tb in simba.Tables)
{
if (tables.Contains(tb.Name))
{
var sc = tb.Script(so);
foreach (var s in sc)
script += s;
}
using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(file))
{
foreach (string tab in tables)
writer.WriteLine(script);
}
}
but this code get an error on
var sc = tb.Script(so);
which is
Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.FailedOperationException
thanks for all reply
I have this code and it is working fine try to use it
var report = string.Empty;
var fileName = Server.MapPath(Constants.BACKUP_FILE_NAME);
var server = new Server(new ServerConnection(new SqlConnection(Constants.BACKUP_CONNECTION_STRING)));
var options = new ScriptingOptions();
var databases = server.Databases[Constants.BACKUP_DATABASE_NAME];
options.FileName = fileName;
options.EnforceScriptingOptions = true;
options.WithDependencies = true;
options.IncludeHeaders = true;
options.ScriptDrops = false;
options.AppendToFile = true;
options.ScriptSchema = true;
options.ScriptData = true;
options.Indexes = true;
report = "<h4>Table Scripts</h4>";
foreach (var table in Constants.BACKUP_TABLES)
{
databases.Tables[table, Constants.BACKUP_SCHEMA_NAME].EnumScript(options);
report += "Script Generated: " + table + "<br>";
}
The "Constants" is my class to hold the constant values like file name, db etc and I am generating script for limited tables so for that reason not doing "simba.Tables" like you have done in your code; you can surely do that if you want every table scripts to be generated. So this code generates script and store it to specified file.
Hope it helps
Thanks #Zaki Mohammed,
Your code helped me a lot,
I just modify a bit for my case and it works perfectly,
Server serv = new Server(db);
Database simba = serv.Databases[dbname];
Scripter scripter = new Scripter(serv);
scripter.Options.FileName = "InsertIntoScript.sql";
scripter.Options.EnforceScriptingOptions = true;
scripter.Options.WithDependencies = false;
scripter.Options.IncludeHeaders = true;
scripter.Options.ScriptDrops = false;
scripter.Options.AppendToFile = true;
scripter.Options.ScriptSchema = false;
scripter.Options.ScriptData = true;
scripter.Options.Indexes = false;
string script = "";
foreach (Table tb in simba.Tables)
{
if (tables.Contains(tb.Name))
{
IEnumerable<string> sc = scripter.EnumScript(new Urn[] { tb.Urn });
foreach (var s in sc)
script += s;
}
}
I have two list (1st with values from a website, 2nd with values from a .csv file) and I'd like to join them in another list, starting two equals values, and display it in a datagridview.
Before to post the code, I'd like to say that I tried to fill my datagridview with these two lists separately and they work.
I didn't get any error, but I can't see my datagridview with values.
I'm going to post my code and explain it.
First List Code:
var url = textBox5.Text;
//var url = "http://www.betexplorer.com/soccer/norway/tippeligaen/results/";
var web = new HtmlWeb();
var doc = web.Load(url);
Bets = new List<Bet>();
// Lettura delle righe
var Rows = doc.DocumentNode.SelectNodes("//tr");
foreach (var row in Rows)
{
if (!row.GetAttributeValue("class", "").Contains("rtitle"))
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(row.InnerText))
continue;
var rowBet = new Bet();
foreach (var node in row.ChildNodes)
{
var data_odd = node.GetAttributeValue("data-odd", "");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(data_odd))
{
if (node.GetAttributeValue("class", "").Contains("first-cell"))
{
rowBet.Match = node.InnerText.Trim();
var matchTeam = rowBet.Match.Split(new[] { " - " }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
rowBet.Home = matchTeam[0];
rowBet.Host = matchTeam[1];
}
if (node.GetAttributeValue("class", "").Contains("result"))
{
rowBet.Result = node.InnerText.Trim();
var matchPoints = rowBet.Result.Split(new[] { ':' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
int help;
if (int.TryParse(matchPoints[0], out help))
{
rowBet.HomePoints = help;
}
if (matchPoints.Length == 2 && int.TryParse(matchPoints[1], out help))
{
rowBet.HostPoints = help;
}
}
if (node.GetAttributeValue("class", "").Contains("last-cell"))
rowBet.Date = node.InnerText.Trim();
}
else
{
rowBet.Odds.Add(data_odd);
}
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(rowBet.Match))
Bets.Add(rowBet);
}
}
Second List & Combined List Code:
string FileName = #"C:\mydir\testcsv.csv";
OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection
("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0; Data Source = " +
Path.GetDirectoryName(FileName) +
"; Extended Properties = \"Text;HDR=YES;FMT=Delimited\"");
conn.Open();
OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter
("SELECT * FROM " + Path.GetFileName(FileName), conn);
DataSet ds = new DataSet("Temp");
adapter.Fill(ds);
conn.Close();
// DataTable dt = new DataTable();
DataTable dt = ds.Tables[0];
//dataGridView2.DataSource = dt;
// dataGridView2.DataMember = "Table";
List<HT> matchlist = new List<HT>();
matchlist = (from DataRow dr in dt.Rows
select new HT()
{
Home = dr["Home"].ToString().Replace("Milan", "AC Milan").Replace("Roma", "AS Roma"),
Host = dr["Host"].ToString().Replace("Milan", "AC Milan").Replace("Roma", "AS Roma"),
ScoreHome = dr["ScoreHome"].ToString(),
ScoreAway = dr["ScoreAway"].ToString(),
//Segno = dr["Segno"].ToString(),
//odd1 = dr["odd1"].ToString(),
//oddx = dr["oddx"].ToString(),
//odd2 = dr["odd2"].ToString()
}).ToList();
// dataGridView2.DataSource = matchlist;
var combinedDataList = (from d1 in Bets
//join d2 in dataList2 on d1.Home equals d2.Home
join d2 in matchlist on new { d1.Home, d1.Host } equals new { d2.Home, d2.Host }
select new CombinedData
{
Data = d1.Date,
Home = d1.Home,
Away = d1.Host,
HSFT = d1.HomePoints,
ASFT = d1.HostPoints,
HSHT = d2.ScoreHome,
ASHT = d2.ScoreAway,
HODD = d1.odd1,
XODD = d1.oddX,
AODD = d1.odd2,
RisFin = d1.RisFin,
Over05SH = d1.over05sh,
Over05FT = d1.Over05FT,
Over15FT = d1.Over15FT,
Over25FT = d1.Over25FT,
Over35FT = d1.Over35FT,
Over45FT = d1.Over45FT
}).OrderBy(p => p.HODD);
dataGridView2.DataSource = combinedDataList;
Thank you for your attention. Have a fantastic sunday!
EDIT: I delete unnecessary code
EDIT2: I add the screen of my single list output. Let's see:
First List:
Second List:
So, I'd like to merge "ScoreHome" and "ScoreAway" from the second list in my first list based on "Home" and "Host" that I have in both lists.
I have to create a Copy of a Database on SQL Server.
On this way I got a connection to the new DB
ADODB.Connection connection = new ADODB.Connection();
OleDbConnectionStringBuilder builder = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnectionStringBuilder();
builder["Provider"] = provider;
builder["Server"] = #"Themis\DEV";
builder["Database"] = file_name;
builder["Integrated Security"] = "SSPI";
string connection_string = builder.ConnectionString;
connection.Open(connection_string, null, null, 0);
return connection;
}
I create the tables with ADOX
ADOX.Catalog cat, Dictionary<string, ADOX.DataTypeEnum> columntype)
{
List<string> primaryKeysList = GetPrimaryKey(tabelle);
Key priKey = new Key();
Catalog catIn = new Catalog();
catIn.ActiveConnection = dbInfo.ConIn;
Dictionary<string, List<string>> indexinfo = new Dictionary<string, List<string>>();
GetSecondaryIndex(tabelle, indexinfo);
if (columntype.Count != 0) columntype.Clear();
if (size.Count != 0) size.Clear();
foreach (DataRow myField in schemaTable.Rows)
{
String columnNameValue = myField[columnName].ToString(); //SpaltenName
bool ich_darf_dbnull_sein = (bool)myField["AllowDBNull"];
ADOX.Column columne = new ADOX.Column();
columne.ParentCatalog = cat;
columne.Name = columnNameValue;
if (!columntype.ContainsKey(columnNameValue))
{
columntype.Add(columnNameValue, (ADOX.DataTypeEnum)myField["ProviderType"]);
}
columne.Type = (ADOX.DataTypeEnum)myField["ProviderType"];
//type.Add((ADODB.DataTypeEnum)myField["ProviderType"]);
columne.DefinedSize = (int)myField["ColumnSize"];
dbInfo.ColumnName = columnNameValue;
dbInfo.TableName = tabelle;
dbInfo.Column_size = (int)myField["ColumnSize"];
dbInfo.Column_Type = (ADOX.DataTypeEnum)myField["ProviderType"];
size.Add((int)myField["ColumnSize"]);
if (primaryKeysList.Contains(columnNameValue))
{
dbInfo.IsPrimary = true;
}
else dbInfo.IsPrimary = false;
object index = catIn.Tables[tabelle].Columns[columnNameValue].Attributes;
if (index.Equals(ColumnAttributesEnum.adColFixed) || (int)index == 3)
dbInfo.Fixed_length = true;
else
dbInfo.Fixed_length = false;
Console.WriteLine("{0}={1}", myField[columnName].ToString(), catIn.Tables[tabelle].Columns[columnNameValue].Attributes);
TargetDBMS.SetColumnProperties(columne, dbInfo);
switch (columne.Type)
{
case ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adChar:
case ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adWChar:
case ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adVarChar:
case ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adVarWChar:
columne.DefinedSize = (int)myField["ColumnSize"];
break;
default:
break;
}
if (primaryKeysList.Contains(columnNameValue))
{
priKey.Name = "PK_" + tabelle + "_" + columnNameValue;
primaryKeysList.Remove(columnNameValue);
priKey.Columns.Append(myField[columnName], (ADOX.DataTypeEnum)myField["ProviderType"], (int)myField["ColumnSize"]);
}
columnNameList.Add(columnNameValue);
table.Columns.Append(columne);
}
table.Keys.Append((object)priKey, KeyTypeEnum.adKeyPrimary);
}
But when I set the Properties for the columns I got an Exception
internal override void SetColumnProperties(ADOX.Column columne, DbInfo dbInfo)
{
GetColumnProperties(dbInfo);
columne.Properties["Autoincrement"].Value = dbInfo.Field_prop["Autoincrement"];
columne.Properties["Default"].Value = dbInfo.Field_prop["Default"];
columne.Properties["Nullable"].Value = dbInfo.Field_prop["Nullable"];
}
My Program works well for Access DB, but I cannot set it for the DB on SQL Server
Exception (0x80040E21) Multiple-step OLE DB operation generated errors. Check each OLE DB status value, if available. No work was done.
If I try this way
string query = "SELECT * FROM Forms";
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
using (SqlConnection sqlConn = Connection())
using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(query, sqlConn))
{
sqlConn.Open();
dt.Load(cmd.ExecuteReader());
}
foreach (DataColumn col in dt.Columns)
{
Console.WriteLine(col.ColumnName);
col.AllowDBNull = true;
dt.AcceptChanges();
col.AutoIncrement = false;
dt.AcceptChanges();
}
it does not change the properties in the DB
The Problem is partially solved
columne.Properties["Autoincrement"].Value = (bool)dbInfo.Autoincrement;
because the dbInfo.Autoincrement was an object I have to write (bool) dbInfo.Autoincrement
Not solved is this
columne.Properties["Default"].Value = (string)dbInfo.Default_Value;
because the type of a value Default_Value can be 0, empty ("") or "-"...I don’t know what i can do in this case
I am newbee to .net code. I can understand the code but, feeling difficult to do changes. I am calling the method "threading" and passing a object parameter . I want to fill data in that object to fill in the data table. But, I am getting an error at that point. I am pasting all the code below and please do the needful help.
The below is the error message I am getting:
"Object is not an ADODB.RecordSet or an ADODB.Record.\r\nParameter name: adodb"
and error is at step oleDA1.Fill(dt1, don);
public class Report
{
public string ScheduleId;
public string reportName;
public string Frequency;
public string Customer;
public string Code;
public string ReportPath;
public string ReportId;
public string ReportFormat;
public string StartDate;
public string EndDate;
}
public List<Report> Populatereport(object SSISreport)
{
List<Report> list = new List<Report>();
Report al = null;
bool fireAgain = true;
using (OleDbDataAdapter oleDA = new OleDbDataAdapter())
using (DataTable dt = new DataTable())
{
oleDA.Fill(dt, SSISreport);
foreach (DataRow _row in dt.Rows)
{
al = new Report();
al.reportName = _row["ReportName"].ToString();
al.ScheduleId = _row["ScheduleId"].ToString();
al.Frequency = _row["Frequency"].ToString();
al.Customer = _row["Customer"].ToString();
al.Code = _row["code"].ToString();
al.ReportId = _row["ReportId"].ToString();
al.ReportFormat = _row["ReportFormat"].ToString();
al.ReportPath = _row["ReportPath"].ToString();
al.StartDate = _row["StartDate"].ToString();
al.EndDate = _row["EndDate"].ToString();
list.Add(al);
}
}
return list;
}
private object threading(object don)
{
Report aa = new Report();
DataRow row1;
ReportEnv env = null;
using (OleDbDataAdapter oleDA1 = new OleDbDataAdapter())
using (DataTable dt1 = new DataTable())
{
oleDA1.Fill(dt1, don);--err0r at this point
row1 = dt1.Rows[0];
aa.reportName = row1["ReportName"].ToString();
aa.ScheduleId = row1["ScheduleId"].ToString();
aa.Frequency = row1["Frequency"].ToString();
aa.Customer = row1["Customer"].ToString();
aa.ColcoCode = row1["code"].ToString();
aa.ReportId = row1["ReportId"].ToString();
aa.ReportFormat = row1["ReportFormat"].ToString();
aa.ReportPath = row1["ReportPath"].ToString();
aa.StartDate = row1["StartDate"].ToString();
aa.EndDate = row1["EndDate"].ToString();
}
ParameterValue[] paramval = new ParameterValue[5];
paramval[0] = new ParameterValue();
paramval[0].Name = "Startdate";
paramval[0].Value = aa.StartDate;
paramval[1] = new ParameterValue();
paramval[1].Name = "Enddate";
paramval[1].Value = aa.EndDate;
paramval[2] = new ParameterValue();
paramval[2].Name = "ReportID";
paramval[2].Value = aa.ReportId;
paramval[3] = new ParameterValue();
paramval[3].Name = "Code";
paramval[3].Value = aa.Code;
paramval[4] = new ParameterValue();
paramval[4].Name = "Frequency";
paramval[4].Value = aa.Frequency;
ReportExecutionService rs = new ReportExecutionService();
rs.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
rs.Url = "some url";
rs.LoadReport(aa.ReportPath, null);
rs.SetExecutionParameters(paramval, "en-GB");
String filename = env.Code + "_" + aa.reportName + DateTime.UtcNow.ToString("_dd-MM-yyyy_hh-mm-ss.fff") + "." + aa.ReportFormat;
//Render the report and generate pdf
Byte[] results;
string encoding = String.Empty;
string mimeType = String.Empty;
string extension = String.Empty;
Warning[] warnings = null;
string[] streamIDs = null;
string deviceInfo = null;
results = rs.Render(aa.ReportFormat, deviceInfo, out extension, out encoding, out mimeType, out warnings, out streamIDs);
using (FileStream stream = File.OpenWrite(path+ filename))
{
stream.Write(results, 0, results.Length);
}
return null;
}
public void Main()
{
List<Report> aq = new List<Report>();
aq = Populatereport(Dts.Variables["vnSource_SQL_Result"].Value);
for (int i = 0; i < aq.Count; i++)
{
threading(aq[i]);
}
}
Check your Report class, I guess it should be casted to Recordset or Record according to msdn: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/5s322715(v=vs.110).aspx