Parsing a decimal number - c#

Guys, I have a string that contains a decimal number. The problem is, sometimes it is negative and it is stored in accounting format (positive number surrounded by parenthesis). In other words, I got a string like this:
string s = "(35.00)";
What I'm doing currently is:
decimal TheValue = decimal.Parse(s);
This value of TheValue should be -35.00. It apparently doesn't know what the parenthesis mean, so its just storing 0 in Thevalue. Anyone know how to make the decimal.Parse() function look for parenthesis?

Take a look at the decimal.Parse overload that accepts a NumberStyles enum. Specifically, you'll need to include NumberStyles.AllowParentheses.

Related

Remove Thousands Separator on Negative Integer

I would like to convert a string that is a negative number with thousand separator to integer.
I previously ran this code:
int ans = int.Parse(txtInt, System.Globalization.NumberStyles.AllowThousands);
But it produces a run-time error for negative number.
Any ideas on how to get the integer on a number string that has negative possibility?
I think you need to use NumberStyles.AllowLeadingSign also like;
int ans = int.Parse(txtInt, NumberStyles.AllowLeadingSign | NumberStyles.AllowThousands);
Without this member, your string can have only your current culture thousand separator except digits. With this member, you can also specify your string can have your current culture negative or positive sign as well in leading position.
Of course this will work only if you use NegativeSign of your CurrentCulture.
You can allow leading signs by setting the AllowLeadingSign flag like so:
int ans = int.Parse(txtInt, System.Globalization.NumberStyles.AllowThousands|System.Globalization.NumberStyles.AllowLeadingSign);

Converting a string with commas to double and int are different. Why?

I am migrating from an old MFC GUI to C#.
I was building a Form-based GUI when I've got an unexpected exception converting a string to an integer type. I assumed it would work the same as converting string to double.
string str = "1,000";
double dthou = Convert.ToDouble(str); // OK
int ithou = Convert.ToInt32(str); // raises an exception
Conversion to double gives correct value: 1000.0.
For int conversion, I was able to get a solution : Convert.ToInt32() a string with Commas.
But I am curious if there were any reason behind this.
Or, am I missing something?
I was able to find a similar, but not exactly a duplicate question :
Number parsing weirdness
[EDIT] after learning about the culture issue.
I am in a kind of a culture-shock because until now, in Korea, both floating point number and integer numbers are expressed with "," for thousands group and "." for decimal point (at least in the real world, in Korea, I mean, I think... ).
I guess I will have to accept current settings of MS Visual Studio and carry on.
[EDIT2] after sleeping over this issue.
I think it's more of the inconsistent handling of the formatted string. ToDouble accepts strings with thousands separator (in my culture, comma), but ToInt32 does not. If ToDouble is float | allowThousands, then why could'nt ToInt32 have been integer | allowThousands is what I am asking.
For the double conversion, there are two possibilities:
In your culture, , is the number group separator. And so the conversion succeeds and returns a value of 1000.
Alternatively, in your culture, , is used as the decimal separator. Again the conversion to floating point succeeds but this time returns 1.
For conversion to integer, "1,000" is simply not an integer. My suspicion, given your naming, is that , is a number group separator for you. And you are expecting it to be treated that way by ToInt32(). But ToInt32() does not accept number group separators. Valid characters for ToInt32() are 0 to 9, the optional sign prefix of - or + and leading or trailing whitespace.
In your profile, it says you are from South Korea. That's why I assume your current culture is ko-KR. (And you said as well.)
And it's NumberDecimalSeparator is . but it's NumberGroupSeparator is ,
Your Convert.ToDouble works and it assumes your , is a thousands seperator, not decimal seperator. That's why your dthou will be 1000 not 1.
Convert.ToInt32(string) uses Int32.Parse(string, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture) explicitly and this method implemented like;
public static int Parse(String s, IFormatProvider provider)
{
return Number.ParseInt32(s, NumberStyles.Integer, NumberFormatInfo.GetInstance(provider));
}
As you can see this method uses NumberStyles.Integer as a default. And that's why your string can be successfully parsed only it contasion one of these;
Leading white space
Trailing white space
Leading sign (positive or negative)
And since your string has thousands seperator or decimal seperator (this depends on which one you used for) this method throws exception.
Instead of that, you can use Int32.Parse(String, NumberStyles, IFormatProvider) overload which you can specify your NumberStyles like NumberStyles.AllowDecimalPoint or NumberStyles.AllowThousands
As an example;
string str = "1,000";
int ithou = Int32.Parse(str, NumberStyles.AllowThousands,
new CultureInfo("ko-KR"));
Console.WriteLine(ithou); // Prints 1000
If you want to get 1 as a result, you can use CultureInfo.Clone method to your culture and set it's NumberDecimalSeparator and NumberGroupSeparator properties like;
string str = "1,000";
CultureInfo c = (CultureInfo)CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo("ko-KR").Clone();
c.NumberFormat.NumberDecimalSeparator = ",";
c.NumberFormat.NumberGroupSeparator = ".";
int dthou = Int32.Parse(str, NumberStyles.AllowDecimalPoint, c);
Console.WriteLine(dthou ); // Prints 1
I don't think it's a cultural problem. It is the inconsistent handling
of the formatted string. ToDouble accepts strings with comma, but
ToInt32 does not. It's like going back to the original question again,
but couldn't ToInt32 be implemented to accept the comma just like
ToDouble function?
Oh my dear friend, you are still thinking wrong..
Everything is a culture problem in your case. There is no such a thing "Convert.ToDouble() accepts strings with comma, but Convert.ToInt32() does not".
Let's look at one more time how these methods are implemented.
Convert.ToDouble(string) uses Double.Parse(value, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture) explicitly and it is implemented like;
public static double Parse(String s, IFormatProvider provider)
{
return Parse(s, NumberStyles.Float| NumberStyles.AllowThousands, NumberFormatInfo.GetInstance(provider));
}
With this NumberStyles.Float| NumberStyles.AllowThousands, you can use both decimal point or thousands separator in your code but , is your culture's NumberGroupSeparator not NumberDecimalSeparator. That's why your string will be parsed as a thousands seperetor. There is no such a thing Convert.ToDouble uses string with comma. It can be use your current culture's NumberDecimalSeparator or NumberGroupSeparator depends on which character your string has. If both were equal, NumberDecimalSeparator will be dominant and it will be used.
Convert.ToInt32(string) uses Int32.Parse(string, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture) explicitly and it's implemented like;
public static int Parse(String s, IFormatProvider provider)
{
return Number.ParseInt32(s, NumberStyles.Integer, NumberFormatInfo.GetInstance(provider));
}
As I said before, NumberStyles.Integer allows three things for your string; leading white space, trailing white space and leading positive or negative sign. It can't be parse if your string has decimal separator or thousands separator no matter it is comma or dot.
but couldn't ToInt32 be implemented to accept the comma just like
ToDouble function?
I told you before. Convert.ToInt32 doesn't have an overload takes NumberStyles as a parameter. You can use Int32.Parse(String, NumberStyles, IFormatProvider) overload which you can specify your NumberStyles enumeration for parsing your decimal separator or thousands separator.
In the english culture the decimal sign is "." . In the swedish culture the decimal sigh is ",". The myriad sign can be " ", "," or ".". So that's why C# throws an exception when the decimal sign is different than its culture specified.

How to parse an 0 decimal to String?

Why is it when I'm parsing a decimal (0) ToString my string shows as empty when using the method:
String somthing = someDecimal.ToString("#")
And when I'm using:
String somthing = somDecimal.ToString("0.##")
The string shows up as 0?
When I'm looking at the value in the debug mode in both way it's says they have a "0" in them.
From The "#" Custom Specifier
Note that this specifier never displays a zero that is not a
significant digit, even if zero is the only digit in the string. It
will display zero only if it is a significant digit in the number that
is being displayed.
If you want to display digits after your decimal point, you need to use 0.00 instead of 0.##.
Because pound "#" means convert to symbol if there is a number. 0 is an "empty" number, so it converts to "".
In fact, in second case, you get 0, as you imply to show at least one digit before dot.
This all is by design convention of C# language.
MSDN: the "#" Custom Specifier
The "#" custom format specifier serves as a digit-placeholder symbol.
If the value that is being formatted has a digit in the position where
the "#" symbol appears in the format string, that digit is copied to
the result string. Otherwise, nothing is stored in that position in
the result string. Note that this specifier never displays a zero that
is not a significant digit, even if zero is the only digit in the
string. It will display zero only if it is a significant digit in the
number that is being displayed.
So if the decimal would be 1 instead of 0 it would be diplayed even with ToString("#").
If you want a fixed number of decimals after the decimal point, you need to use
String somthing = somDecimal.ToString("0.00")
In your example you use the # specifier which means 'put here a number if there is a meaningful number'.
It would work if someDecimal is 0.01
decimal somDecimal = 0.01m
String somthing = somDecimal.ToString("0.##");
but not if
decimal somDecimal = 0.01m
String somthing = somDecimal.ToString("0.#");

c# - How do I round a decimal value to 2 decimal places. with , every 1000

So always add a comma and have it to two decimal places, "F" nearly works but can't find the right solution
decimal = 1000.5
test.Text = decimal.ToString("F")
I've also tried:
String.Format("{0:#,###.##}", decimal);
I want to display as the string as 1,000.50
Try:
String.Format("{0:#,###.00}", decimalNumber);
See: Custom Numeric Format Strings
0 - Zero placeholder Replaces the zero with the corresponding digit if
one is present; otherwise, zero appears in the result string. More
information: The "0" Custom Specifier.
It is not going to round the numbers, it is just string formatting.
For culture insensitive formatting do:
String.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "{0:#,###.00}", decimalNmber);
String.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "{0:0,0.00}", decimal)
For more options see this link.
And here you can test this online.

create regex to accept blank/space or decimal value

I want to create regex in c# which return true for value having blank/space/null or decimal value with 2 decimal points.So not to accept other than that.
Although probably not the most efficient, this regular expression should do what you want:
^((\d+[\.]\d{2})|([\.]\d{2})|()|\s*)$
It requires any decimal number to have two decimal places, but it does accept either 0.99 or .99 as an example.
If you want to allow users to enter in 9 or 9.0 or 9.01 (that is, not force the user to enter in two decimal places) you can just modify the above like this:
^((\d+([\.]\d{0,2})*)|([\.]\d{0,2})|()|\s*)$
It is just setting the quantifiers to {0,2} instead of {2}, and making the existence of decimals places optional.
^\s*(?:[+-]?\d*\.\d{2})?\s*$
matches a number with exactly two decimal places, optionally surrounded by whitespace, or the empty/whitespace only string.
use this regular expression ^(\s+)|(([+-])?\d+[,\.]\d{2})|()|(null)$
I would suggest this pattern to handle numbers and empty string scenario.
^[-+]?\d*(\.\d{2})?|\s*$
Reagrding NULL, I have experienced that when we pass null as an input in RegEx it throws ArgumentNullException. So my recommendation is to validate NULL using != operator by matching with null:
if(str != null && RegEx.IsMatch(str,#"^[-+]?\d*(\.\d{2})?|\s*$"))
// valid data
where:
str = string that contains data validating
Above pattern will also allow: -.00 or -0.00 as validate decimals.

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