Set the Parent of a Form - c#

I have a Windows form from which I would like to open a status form that says "Saving..."
and then disapears when the saving is complete. I would like to center this small status form in the middle of the calling form. I've tried setting the "StartPosition" propery to "CenterParent", but it doest work. I create the status form from the other form like so:
SavingForm saving = new SavingForm();
savingForm.Show();
Thread.Sleep(500); //Someone said this is bad practice ... why?
savingForm.Close();
Wouldn't the calling form be the "Parent"?
When I set a watch for saving it says it has no parent.
I tried:
SavingForm saving = new SavingForm();
saving.Parent = this;
savingForm.Show();
Thread.Sleep(500);
savingForm.Close();
and it throws an exception "Top-level control cannot be added to a control."
How do I center this status window in the calling window?
Thanks in advance

i would do something like this:
SavingForm saving = new SavingForm();
savingForm.ShowDialog(this);
In SavingForm i would start a timer in the load handler that runs for 500 milliseconds and then closes the form when done. Cleaner that way. ShowDialog will also lock your UI to only display the saving form and not allow the user to monkey with anything.

Use this:
saving.Show(this);
To set the Owner when you show the form.
Edit: The ShowDialog() method also has an overload that let's you specify the owner if that is the route you decide to go:
saving.ShowDialog(this);

If you pass the parent (this) to the Owner, like
SavingForm saving = new SavingForm() { Owner = this };
then you can access Owner's properties and methods in the child form (in this case SavingForm), provided that the Owner's properties Modifier is set to Internal or Public for each property you need to access (you can either edit the modifier directly in the source code, or via form's designer properties - there is a Modifier property for each control).
You can find a nice explanation of the differences between Owner, Parent and ParentForm here.
Note: Passing it like saving.Show(this); or saving.ShowDialog(this); did not help in my case.

Related

How to edit the contents of a window from another window in WPF

In my program I have two windows, the first one being my main window with a text box and the second one having an entry field with a button to update the text box in the first window. I'm a beginner in terms of using WPF and coding in C# in general, but is there a way to pass a pointer or reference of my main window to the second window so the second window can edit the text box of my first window? Is that even the right way to think about solving this issue?
WPF assumes you are binding your forms to a ViewModel object. This object can be bound to more than one form to give you different views and capabilities, so in this case you'd bind the same ViewModel to both forms, and what is changed in your edit form will appear automatically in your main form.
Your question is a bit vague and there are many approaches to accomplishing this. MVVM as Steve Todd mentions, is one.
However, it sounds like you simply want to open the window as a dialog. In your second window's code behind, be sure your textbox has a name in XAML and then access it create and easily accessible property that gets and sets your textbox value.
public MyTextContent
{
get => this.MyTextBox.Text;
set => this.MyTextBox.Text = value;
}
You can control the return value based on conditions (such as OK or Cancel buttons) if you like by using click events. The window contains a DialogResult property. The default is false, so you will need to set this somewhere.
this.DialogResult = true; // OK
Then in your main window's code behind, create a new instance of the window, assign it's property and show it. This will need to be done during a click event of a button or some similar trigger
var myDialog = new MyDialogWindow()
{
MyTextContent = "Textbox Starting Value";
}
bool? result = myDialog.ShowDialog(); // Returns when the dialog window is closed.
if(result != null && result)
{
this.LocalTextBox.Text = myDialog.MyTextContent; // Copy the text to the main textbox.
}
Typically you do this in data context of your main window. You use IoC to pass an instance of popup notification service in the constructor and create a private reference. You call that service method that displays the popup notification where user can enter async (and await) for its response or use reactive extensions to subscribe to submit action of that button. A thing to look out for is that you can update ui only in dispatcher thread and do not forget to dispose the subscription after you have finished using the window.

Set form as Parent throw exception "Top-level control cannot be added to a control"

I want to access variables of a form from another form. On clicking a button inside my Main form, I want to set my Main form as Parent, then bring up another form (child form) wherein I will access variables of the Main form. My click handler is as follow:
private void btnSystem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Form_EnterPassword EP = new Form_EnterPassword();
EP.Parent = this; //error: Top-level control cannot be added to a control
EP.ShowDialog();
}
It compiles fine without any error. However, when I run the Main form and click on the System button, it throws me an exception. I do something similar in another code (not mine) with the same button click, and encounter no error (just with setting Main form as Parent).
What am I doing wrong? Is there something in my Main code that cause this?
Best way would be to use EP.ShowDialog(this) and later use Owner property.
You need the EP.TopLevel property to be set to false. It will let you to set a parent to it.
Further reading.
In case you only want to access variables and controls of another form, then maybe you can reach it in other ways, not trough a Parent relationship.
OK,
apparently the way to do it is to call
Form_Child.ShowDialog(this)
and then I can call
FromParent_aVariable = ((Form_Parent)this.Owner).aVariable;
or if I define aVariable in the namespace Properties then
FromParent_aVariable = NameSpace.Properties.Settings.Default.aVariable;
there are two ways.
Form_EnterPassword EP = new Form_EnterPassword();
EP.MdiParent = this;
EP.Show();
try this way, it helps for me. you need to set principalform as isMdicontainer = true at the form properties
I had a similar situation recently.
I was attempting something similar but by controlling the Child Forms from a different class.
Note(s):
You're trying to set the Child Form(s) "TopMost" to something that does not allow it.
In this case the "MdiContainer".
To accomplish this:
• Disable MainForm "isMdiContainer" property (its use is kind of obsolete anyway).
• Set the Form(s) TopMost properties to true.
• You should now be able to accomplish your feature.
**Code Example:**
/* On your Main Form Class */
private void btnSystem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Instantiate the Form_EnterPassword by passing the MainForm
Form_EnterPassword EP = new Form_EnterPassword(this);
EP.Show(); // No longer as modal Form to display in front.
}
/* Under your EnterPassword Form Class */
// Do not create a new Instance of MyMainForm.
// You want to use the same thread as your MainForm
private MyMainForm mainForm;
/* Constructor */
public Form_EnterPassword(MyMainForm form)
{
mainForm = form;
this.Owner = mainForm; // "this" refers to the: EnterPassword Form.
}
Remarks:
The only additional thing that you (may) have to do, (to achieve perfection) is to check the MainForm > WindowState; and create a code block to minimize or bring the Forms to their specific state.
i.e:
if (WindowState == FormWindowState.Minimized)
{ /* Code to Minimize all the Child Forms. */ }
else { /* Code to bring all Forms to their "Normal" State */ }
Writing this way, made the dialog display on the center of the parent form.
Form_Child.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.CenterParent;
Form_Child.ShowDialog(this);

How to pass a value selected on an initial form to the main form?

I want to do something like the answer here:
How can I close a login form and show the main form without my application closing?
...but I want to pass a value selected on the initial form to the next (main) form. If I call an overridden constructor on the main form, where do I store the value in the meantime (between the initial form being dismissed and the main form being called)?
OTOH, if, instead of using the program.cs file to do this, I create the "initial form" inside the main form's Load() event (is there a better place), I could do something like this, but admittedly it seems rather kludgy:
0) Set the main form's size to 0,0 to hide it
1) Show the "initial" form/modal dialog, and store the value the user selects (in a button click event) in a form-global variable
2) Once the initial form/modal dialog closes, set the main form's size back to what it should be (unless modal result <> OK, in which case I close the main form and the app)
I know there's a better way to do this...
You don't have to pass a value to the main form. Just like your link explains, open your main form first. Then your main form can open the other form. This other form can place the information in a public property that the main form can access. Since the main form controls the lifetime of this other form, the main form gets the information held in the other form's public property, then closes the other form.
string myVariable;
using (OtherForm otherForm = new OtherForm())
{
otherForm.ShowDialog();
myVariable = otherForm.OtherVariable;
}
Try using ApplicationContext (System.Windows.Forms.ApplicationContext). You can show multiple forms as shown in the example in the following MSDN thread. And regarding data,you can have a common data object which is created once and the forms are instantiated with the data object passed to them before showing them.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.forms.applicationcontext%28v=vs.100%29.aspx

Why calling Hide in a child form's FormClosing event handler hides the parent form?

When Form2 is closed, via it's X button, the Main form is sometimes hidden as well, but not always. Often times the Main form is hidden after initial 'newForm' button click and other times many open-close operations are required before the Main form gets hidden on Form2's closing. Why is this happening? Why is it irregular?
This is a small test code for a larger application I'm working on. In that application a thread continuously reads the network stream and when a particular message is encountered a modal form is displayed. The user can close that modal form or it can be told to close itself by a different network message. In this event, to give the user some time to view the data that the form is displaying I implemented a delayed form closing for that form. When the form is running its delay closing code, another message can come in over the network that will open up a new instance of this form in which case, I observed, that once the timer of the original form runs out, the original form is left displayed until the new instance is closed. Calling Hide in the FormClosing event handler closes the original form if more than one instances of it are running, but it has this side effect of hiding the entire application (the Main form) when the last instance of this form is closed, either by the user or by the delayed closing code. And again, the entire application is not always hidden, but it does happen.
//Main form's 'newForm' button
private void btn_newForm_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Form2 f = new Form2();
f.ShowDialog();
}
public partial class Form2 : Form
{
private void Form2_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
{
Hide();
}
}
Update (from the application I'm working on):
The problem is shown visually below. The top part of the picture, labeled "A", represents the situation where the first modal dialog (greyed out) was instantiated and it is in the process of being auto closed after 4 seconds have elapsed. The second instance (blue window heading) is active and awaiting input. In the lower part of the picture, labeled "B", the counter to closing of the first instance has completed, yet the first instance remains visible. Adding Hide does not change picture "A" but picture "B" would only be showing the active modal dialog, which is what I want. If Hide is not used and we have the case shown in "B", once the active modal dialog is closed the inactive dialog will disappear together with the active one, but no sooner. At this time my main form will be hidden as well, sometimes.
Your main form doesn't get hidden, it disappears behind another window. The flaw in your code is that for a brief moment none of your windows can get the focus. Your main window can't get the focus, it got disabled by your dialog and won't get re-enabled until the dialog is fully closed. Your dialog can't get the focus, you hide it. So Windows goes looking for another window to give the focus to and can only pick a window owned by another application. Like Visual Studio, nice and big so your main window is well covered by it.
Not sure what you are trying to do, it doesn't make sense to call Hide() since the dialog will close a couple of microseconds later. Just delete the statement.
I am not sure if I am right but maybe you forgot to add e.Cancel = true; to your closing event.
Second, I think using a modal form is only usefull when you expect an action like OK or CANCEL from user, that is where DialogResults comes handy. It sounds strange if this happens time to time not all the time! maybe you can try like this:
//Main form's 'newForm' button
//Define form in your mainform
private Form2 f;
private void btn_newForm_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if(f != null) { f.Show(); return; }
f = new Form2()
f.FormClosing += delegate { f.Hide(); };
f.Show();
}
I know the topic is quite old, but I recently had to look for answers for this precise question.
Why hiding the (child modal) form instead of closing it ?
I may be wrong, but I think that in some cases, hidding the modal child form instead of closing it is sometimes useful.
For example, I'm using a class that is a custom tree of grids. Think of something like an Excel Document with multiples tables (sheets) and each table can have child tables. A very powerful manner to store datas that can be used by multiple objects and multiple forms at a time.
Now, this "TreeTable_Class" object has an inbuilt custom form that actually shows the content of one of its tables at a time in a GridView, and you can select which table to show by selecting it in a Treeview. You can see here that the "Database Editor" is actually and MDI Form that can load the Form from any TreeTable_Class.
And this is the Form I use to edit the content of a Cell for a given (selected) Table (I've chosen another cell with long text content from another table in this database)
Now, when you choose to close the custom form instead of hiding it, that form will be unaccessible, you can't show it anymore, and you get an exception (no instance of the object) Somewhat, it isn't disposed yet (so the check If MyForm Is Nothing Then... is useless) I know I have to implement the GarbageCollector and dispose the Child Form manually, but it's outside the scope of this topic.
Anyway, my class could use a large amount of memory, of datas, and if I had to rebuilt ALL the contents each time I want to show a new instance of that form, that would be a large amount of workload in my application. That's why I have chosen to hide the form instead of closing it until the main application exits or when a specific CloseFormAndDispose() method is explicitly called, either by the program, or if I make this option available for the user via an user interface.
Workaround try :
This is the workaround I've found to override the "form replaced by another because none of the parent/child ones could be retrieved" :
Sorry, I'm in VB.. but you can use a tool to convert this to C#, or do it manually, it's pretty simple..
// This is the child, a Cell Editor that can edit the content of a Cell.
Protected WithEvents _CellEditor As CellEditor_Form = Nothing
This Editor form is a member of TreeTable_Form, a form that can actually show and edit the content of the whole Database File (a single file)
And this TreeTable_Form class contains a routine that handles CellEditor closing event
Public Partial Class TreeTable_Form
// Sorry. The "WithEvents" in C# is a litte bit complex to me... So, in VB :
Protected WithEvents _CellEditor As CellEditor_Form = Nothing
// ...
// CellEditor handling method (I used a Code converter...) :
// The original VB declaration is :
// Protected Sub RecallFormAfterCellEditorHidden() Handles _CellEditor.Closed
// You'll have to write specific Event handler for _CellEditor object declared above...
protected void RecallFocusAfterCellEditorHidden()
{
Application.DoEvents();
this.Focus();
}
End Class
This tiny protected void RecallFormAfterCellEditorHidden() method in your Class (if you are using a class that contains Forms) or in your Main From, assuming that your main form contains the child forms (dialogs) will try to force the focus on your Application or MainForm...
By the way, TreeTable_Form is actually a component of TreeTable_Class. The later is an object that can be used anywhere you want. In a Main Form Application, in another Class, in a dialog, anywhere... and could be passed by reference to share its contents between several items. And this TreeTable_Class contains a RecallFocusAfterTreeViewerHidden() method that handles the closing of that form. That means, the Form or Application that actually uses the class will get the focus each time you close the its child Form. I've made it that way to get an object that could be used anywhere
We still get problems !
However, this method will make your application flicker a bit each time you close your child dialog, and doesn't succeed at 100% ! Sometimes, my parent form still disappear from screen and gets struck behind another window. Alt+TAB wont helt either. But this happens less than without this method trick. I don't have any better answer at this time, still searching... I'll come back here if I find out how. I'm using this custom made application in my work to write memos during meetings for example, and produce PV (procès verbal - french sorry) in PDF or DOCx on the fly...
And I'm sorry, I'm in VB, not C#. Hope this helps a little, until we find a better workaround for this...

How do a make one form stay on top of another?

I have found the Form.TopMost property but it puts the form on top of everything, including stuff that isn't part of my app. I've got a suspicion that I'm missing something obvious here. (Is Form the proper bases class for a non modal dialog box?)
Use the Form.Owner property of your dialog form and set it to the main Form.
Read more here
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.forms.form.owner.aspx
The Owned form will never be displayed behind the Owner Form.
It is very simple; You just have to pass the owner when you call the Show() method
YourForm.Show(parentForm);
You can specify parent-child relationships between windows by supplying the parent Form as parameter to the ShowDialog() method called on the child Form. The child window will then stay on top of the parent and also minimize and restore along with the parent.
If i understand you correctly your opening a form from your application, and you want your new form to be on top of the old one.
To do this you can use ShowDialog() and StartPosition
SomeForm MyNewForm = new SomeForm();
MyNewForm.ShowDialog();
this will make that form stay on top of the orignal one, and you can also use
MyNewForm .StartPosition = FormStartPosition.CenterParent;
To control where that new form shows on the screen.

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