How do I verify that a string is in English? - c#

I read a string from the console. How do I make sure it only contains English characters and digits?

Assuming that by "English characters" you are simply referring to the 26-character Latin alphabet, this would be an area where I would use regular expressions: ^[a-zA-Z0-9 ]*$
For example:
if( Regex.IsMatch(Console.ReadLine(), "^[a-zA-Z0-9]*$") )
{ /* your code */ }
The benefit of regular expressions in this case is that all you really care about is whether or not a string matches a pattern - this is one where regular expressions work wonderfully. It clearly captures your intent, and it's easy to extend if you definition of "English characters" expands beyond just the 26 alphabetic ones.
There's a decent series of articles here that teach more about regular expressions.
Jørn Schou-Rode's answer provides a great explanation of how the regular expression presented here works to match your input.

You could match it against this regular expression: ^[a-zA-Z0-9]*$
^ matches the start of the string (ie no characters are allowed before this point)
[a-zA-Z0-9] matches any letter from a-z in lower or upper case, as well as digits 0-9
* lets the previous match repeat zero or more times
$ matches the end of the string (ie no characters are allowed after this point)
To use the expression in a C# program, you will need to import System.Text.RegularExpressions and do something like this in your code:
bool match = Regex.IsMatch(input, "^[a-zA-Z0-9]*$");
If you are going to test a lot of lines against the pattern, you might want to compile the expression:
Regex pattern = new Regex("^[a-zA-Z0-9]*$", RegexOptions.Compiled);
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
{
string input = Console.ReadLine();
pattern.IsMatch(input);
}

The accepted answer does not work for the white spaces or punctuation. Below code is tested for this input:
Hello: 1. - a; b/c \ _(5)??
(Is English)
Regex regex = new Regex("^[a-zA-Z0-9. -_?]*$");
string text1 = "سلام";
bool fls = regex.IsMatch(text1); //false
string text2 = "123 abc! ?? -_)(/\\;:";
bool tru = regex.IsMatch(text2); //true

One other way is to check if IsLower and IsUpper both doesn't return true.
Something like :
private bool IsAllCharEnglish(string Input)
{
foreach (var item in Input.ToCharArray())
{
if (!char.IsLower(item) && !char.IsUpper(item) && !char.IsDigit(item) && !char.IsWhiteSpace(item))
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
and for use it :
string str = "فارسی abc";
IsAllCharEnglish(str); // return false
str = "These are english 123";
IsAllCharEnglish(str); // return true

Do not use RegEx and LINQ they are slower than the loop by characters of string
Performance test
My solution:
private static bool is_only_eng_letters_and_digits(string str)
{
foreach (char ch in str)
{
if (!(ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z') && !(ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') && !(ch >= '0' && ch <= '9'))
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}

do you have web access? i would assume that cannot be guaranteed, but Google has a language api that will detect the language you pass to it.
google language api

bool onlyEnglishCharacters = !EnglishText.Any(a => a > '~');
Seems cheap, but it worked for me, legit easy answer.
Hope it helps anyone.

bool AllAscii(string str)
{
return !str.Any(c => !Char.IsLetterOrDigit(c));
}

Something like this (if you want to control input):
static string ReadLettersAndDigits() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
ConsoleKeyInfo keyInfo;
while ((keyInfo = Console.ReadKey(true)).Key != ConsoleKey.Enter) {
char c = char.ToLower(keyInfo.KeyChar);
if (('a' <= c && c <= 'z') || char.IsDigit(c)) {
sb.Append(keyInfo.KeyChar);
Console.Write(c);
}
}
return sb.ToString();
}

If i dont wnat to use RegEx, and just to provide an alternate solution, you can just check the ASCII code of each character and if it lies between that range, it would either be a english letter or a number (This might not be the best solution):
foreach (char ch in str.ToCharArray())
{
int x = (int)char;
if (x >= 63 and x <= 126)
{
//this is english letter, i.e.- A, B, C, a, b, c...
}
else if(x >= 48 and x <= 57)
{
//this is number
}
else
{
//this is something diffrent
}
}
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII for full ASCII table.
But I still think, RegEx is the best solution.

I agree with the Regular Expression answers. However, you could simplify it to just "^[\w]+$". \w is any "word character" (which translates to [a-zA-Z_0-9] if you use a non-unicode alphabet. I don't know if you want underscores as well.
More on regexes in .net here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms972966.aspx#regexnet_topic8

As many pointed out, accepted answer works only if there is a single word in the string. As there are no answers that cover the case of multiple words or even sentences in the string, here is the code:
stringToCheck.Any(x=> char.IsLetter(x) && !((int)x >= 63 && (int)x <= 126));

<?php
$string="हिन्दी";
$string="Manvendra Rajpurohit";
echo strlen($string); echo '<br>';
echo mb_strlen($string, 'utf-8');
echo '<br>';
if(strlen($string) != mb_strlen($string, 'utf-8'))
{
echo "Please enter English words only:(";
}
else {
echo "OK, English Detected!";
}
?>

Related

Using regex on a specific setup

I know a bit about regular expressions, but far from enough to figure out this one.
I have tried to see if I could find something that could help me, but I got a hard time understanding how to construct the REGEX expression in c#.
Here is what I need.If I have a string like the following.
string s = "this is (a (string))"
What I need is to focus on the parentheses.
I want to be able to split this string up into the following List/Array "parts".
1) "this", "is", "a (string)"
or
2) "this", "is", "(a (string))".
would both like how to do it with 1) and 2). Anyone got an idea of how to solve this problem?
Can this be solved using REGEX? Anyone knows a good guide to learn about it?
Hope someone can help.
Greetings.
If you want to split with some kind of escape (do not count for space if it's within parentheses) you
can easily implement something like this, easy loop without regular expressions:
private static IEnumerable<String> SplitWithEscape(String source) {
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(source))
yield break;
int escapeCount = 0;
int start = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < source.Length; ++i) {
char ch = source[i];
if (escapeCount > 0) {
if (ch == '(')
escapeCount += 1;
else if (ch == ')')
escapeCount -= 1;
}
else {
if (ch == ' ') {
yield return source.Substring(start, i - start);
start = i;
}
else if (ch == '(')
escapeCount += 1;
}
}
if ((start < source.Length - 1) && (escapeCount == 0))
yield return source.Substring(start);
}
....
String source = "this is (a (string))";
String[] split = SplitWithEscape(source).ToArray();
Console.Write(String.Join("; ", split));
You can try something like this:
([^\(\s]+)\s+([^\(\s]+)\s+\((.*)\)
Regex Demo
But this will only match with fixed number of words in your input string, in this case, two words before the parentheses. The final regex will depend on what are your specifications.
.NET regex supports balanced constructs. Thus, you can always safely use .NET regex to match substrings between a balanced number of delimiters that may have something inside them.
So, you can use
\(((?>[^()]+|\((?<o>)|\)(?<-o>))*(?(o)(?!)))\)|\S+
to match parenthesized substrings (while capturing the contents in-between parentheses into Group 1) or match all non-whitespace chunks (\S+ matches 1+ non-whitespace symbols).
See Grouping Constructs in Regular Expressions, Matching Nested Constructs with Balancing Groups or What are regular expression Balancing Groups? for more details on how balancing groups work.
Here is a regex demo
If you need to extract all the match values and captured values, you need to get all matched groups that are not empty or whitespace. So, use this C# code:
var line = "this is (a (string))";
var pattern = #"\(((?>[^()]+|\((?<o>)|\)(?<-o>))*(?(o)(?!)))\)|\S+";
var result = Regex.Matches(line, pattern)
.Cast<Match>()
.SelectMany(x => x.Groups.Cast<Group>()
.Where(m => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(m.Value))
.Select(t => t.Value))
.ToList();
foreach (var s in result) // DEMO
Console.WriteLine(s);
Maybe you can use ((?<=\()[^}]*(?=\)))|\W+ to split in words and then get the content in the group 1...
See this Regex

check if char isletter

i want to check if a string only contains correct letters.
I used Char.IsLetter for this.
My problem is, when there are chars like é or á they are also said to be correct letters, which shouldn't be.
is there a possibility to check a char as a correct letter A-Z or a-z without special-letters like á?
bool IsEnglishLetter(char c)
{
return (c>='A' && c<='Z') || (c>='a' && c<='z');
}
You can make this an extension method:
static bool IsEnglishLetter(this char c) ...
You can use Char.IsLetter(c) && c < 128 . Or just c < 128 by itself, that seems to match your problem the closest.
But you are solving an Encoding issue by filtering chars. Do investigate what that other application understands exactly.
It could be that you should just be writing with Encoding.GetEncoding(someCodePage).
You can use regular expression \w or [a-zA-Z] for it
// Create the regular expression
string pattern = #"^[a-zA-Z]+$";
Regex regex = new Regex(pattern);
// Compare a string against the regular expression
return regex.IsMatch(stringToTest);
In C# 9.0 you can use pattern matching enhancements.
public static bool IsLetter(this char c) =>
c is >= 'a' and <= 'z' or >= 'A' and <= 'Z';
As of .NET 7 there is an Char.IsAsciiLetter function which would exactly meet the requirements
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-za/dotnet/api/system.char.isasciiletter?view=net-7.0
Use Linq for easy access:
if (yourString.All(char.IsLetter))
{
//just letters are accepted.
}

Pattern matching problem in C#

I have a string like "AAA 101 B202 C 303 " and I want to get rid of the space between char and number if there is any.
So after operation, the string should be like "AAA101 B202 C303 ". But I am not sure whether regex could do this?
Any help? Thanks in advance.
Yes, you can do this with regular expressions. Here's a short but complete example:
using System;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
class Test
{
static void Main()
{
string text = "A 101 B202 C 303 ";
string output = Regex.Replace(text, #"(\p{L}) (\d)", #"$1$2");
Console.WriteLine(output); // Prints A101 B202 C303
}
}
(If you're going to do this a lot, you may well want to compile a regular expression for the pattern.)
The \p{L} matches any unicode letter - you may want to be more restrictive.
You can do something like
([A-Z]+)\s?(\d+)
And replace with
$1$2
The expression can be tightened up, but the above should work for your example input string.
What it does is declaring a group containing letters (first set of parantheses), then an optional space (\s?), and then a group of digits (\d+). The groups can be used in the replacement by referring to their index, so when you want to get rid of the space, just replace with $1$2.
While not as concise as Regex, the C# code for something like this is fairly straightforward and very fast-running:
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for(int i=0; i<s.Length; i++)
{
// exclude spaces preceeded by a letter and succeeded by a number
if(!(s[i] == ' '
&& i-1 >= 0 && IsLetter(s[i-1])
&& i+1 < s.Length && IsNumber(s[i+1])))
{
sb.Append(s[i]);
}
}
return sb.ToString();
Just for fun (because the act of programming is/should be fun sometimes) :o) I'm using LINQ with Aggregate:
var result = text.Aggregate(
string.Empty,
(acc, c) => char.IsLetter(acc.LastOrDefault()) && Char.IsDigit(c) ?
acc + c.ToString() : acc + (char.IsWhiteSpace(c) && char.IsLetter(acc.LastOrDefault()) ?
string.Empty : c.ToString())).TrimEnd();

How can I test whether a string contains only hex characters in C#?

I have a long string (8000 characters) that should contain only hexadecimal and newline characters.
What is the best way to validate / verify that the string does not contain invalid characters?
Valid characters are: 0 through 9 and A through F. Newlines should be acceptable.
I began with this code, but it does not work properly (i.e. fails to return false when a "G" is the first character):
public static bool VerifyHex(string _hex)
{
Regex r = new Regex(#"^[0-9A-F]+$", RegexOptions.Multiline);
return r.Match(_hex).Success;
}
Another option, if you fancy using LINQ instead of regular expressions:
public static bool IsHex(string text)
{
return text.All(IsHexChar);
}
private static bool IsHexCharOrNewLine(char c)
{
return (c >= '0' && c <= '9') ||
(c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') ||
(c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') ||
c == '\n'; // You may want to test for \r as well
}
Or:
public static bool IsHex(string text)
{
return text.All(c => "0123456789abcdefABCDEF\n".Contains(c));
}
I think a regex is probably a better option in this case, but I wanted to just mention LINQ for the sake of interest :)
You're misunderstanding the Multiline option:
Use multiline mode, where ^ and
$ match the beginning and end of each line (instead of the beginning
and end of the input string).
Change it to
static readonly Regex r = new Regex(#"^[0-9A-F\r\n]+$");
public static bool VerifyHex(string _hex)
{
return r.Match(_hex).Success;
}
There are already some great answers but no one has mentioned using the built in parsing which seems to be the most straight forward way:
public bool IsHexString(string hexString)
{
System.Globalization.CultureInfo provider = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");
int output = 0;
return Int32.TryParse(hexString, System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber, provider, out output))
}

check content of string input

How can I check if my input is a particular kind of string. So no numeric, no "/",...
Well, to check that an input is actually an object of type System.String, you can simply do:
bool IsString(object value)
{
return value is string;
}
To check that a string contains only letters, you could do something like this:
bool IsAllAlphabetic(string value)
{
foreach (char c in value)
{
if (!char.IsLetter(c))
return false;
}
return true;
}
If you wanted to combine these, you could do so:
bool IsAlphabeticString(object value)
{
string str = value as string;
return str != null && IsAllAlphabetic(str);
}
If you mean "is the string completely letters", you could do:
string myString = "RandomStringOfLetters";
bool allLetters = myString.All( c => Char.IsLetter(c) );
This is based on LINQ and the Char.IsLetter method.
It's not entirely clear what you want, but you can probably do it with a regular expression. For example to check that your string contains only letters in a-z or A-Z you can do this:
string s = "dasglakgsklg";
if (Regex.IsMatch(s, "^[a-z]+$", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase))
{
Console.WriteLine("Only letters in a-z.");
}
else
{
// Not only letters in a-z.
}
If you also want to allow spaces, underscores, or other characters simply add them between the square brackets in the regular expression. Note that some characters have a special meaning inside regular expression character classes and need to be escaped with a backslash.
You can also use \p{L} instead of [a-z] to match any Unicode character that is considered to be a letter, including letters in foreign alphabets.
using System.Linq;
...
bool onlyAlphas = s.All(c => (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'));
Something like this (have not tested) may fit your (vague) requirement.
if (input is string)
{
// test for legal characters?
string pattern = "^[A-Za-z]+$";
if (Regex.IsMatch(input, pattern))
{
// legal string? do something
}
// or
if (input.Any(c => !char.IsLetter(c)))
{
// NOT legal string
}
}

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