Entity Framework + AutoMapper ( Entity to DTO and DTO to Entity ) - c#

I've got some problems using EF with AutoMapper. =/
for example :
I've got 2 related entities ( Customers and Orders )
and they're DTO classes :
class CustomerDTO
{
public string CustomerID {get;set;}
public string CustomerName {get;set;}
public IList< OrderDTO > Orders {get;set;}
}
class OrderDTO
{
public string OrderID {get;set;}
public string OrderDetails {get;set;}
public CustomerDTO Customers {get;set;}
}
//when mapping Entity to DTO the code works
Customers cust = getCustomer(id);
Mapper.CreateMap< Customers, CustomerDTO >();
Mapper.CreateMap< Orders, OrderDTO >();
CustomerDTO custDTO = Mapper.Map(cust);
//but when i try to map back from DTO to Entity it fails with AutoMapperMappingException.
Mapper.Reset();
Mapper.CreateMap< CustomerDTO , Customers >();
Mapper.CreateMap< OrderDTO , Orders >();
Customers customerModel = Mapper.Map< CustomerDTO ,Customers >(custDTO); // exception is thrown here
Am I doing something wrong?
Thanks in Advance !

The problem I had was related to updates to EntityCollection references. AutoMapper creates a new instance of the relation when mapping from the DTO to the Entity, and that doesn't please the EF.
What solved my problem was configuring AutoMapper to use the destination value for my EntityCollection properties. In your case:
Mapper.CreateMap< CustomerDTO , Customers >().ForMember(c => c.Orders, o => o.UseDestinationValue());
That way AM will not create a new EntityCollection instance, and will use that wich came with the original Customer entity.
I'm still working for a way to automate this, but for now it solves my problem.

Try mapping to an existing object:
entity = Mapper.Map<MyDTO, NyEntity>(dto, entity);
And keep the Ignore()'s in place.
http://groups.google.com/group/automapper-users/browse_thread/thread/24a90f22323a27bc?fwc=1&pli=1

Your problem is because Automapper loses the EntityKey associated with the record. As the EntityFramework does not by default handle POCO's (Plain Old CLR Object)
Jay Zimmerman has a good example here of how to handle this from is. gd /4NIcj
Also from Jaroslaw Kowalski (part of the EF team I believe ) has this example for using POCO's within EF, which may translate well to use with Automapper (I've not yet had a chance to try it) : http://blogs.msdn.com/jkowalski/archive/2008/09/09/persistence-ignorance-poco-adapter-for-entity-framework-v1.aspx

I'm not sure what your problem is, but - when i wanted to use LINQToEntities (switched to NHibernate),
i managed to use automapper with success.
Take a look at code:
public class SimpleMapper<TFrom, TTo>
{
public static TTo Map(TFrom fromModel)
{
Mapper.CreateMap<TFrom, TTo>();
return Mapper.Map<TFrom, TTo>(fromModel);
}
public static IList<TTo> MapList(IList<TFrom> fromModel)
{
Mapper.CreateMap<TFrom, TTo>();
return Mapper.Map<IList<TFrom>, IList<TTo>>(fromModel);
}
}
public class RepositoryBase<TModel, TLINQModel>
{
public IList<TModel> Map<TCustom>(IList<TCustom> model)
{
return SimpleMapper<TCustom, TModel>.MapList(model);
}
public TModel Map(TLINQModel model)
{
return SimpleMapper<TLINQModel, TModel>.Map(model);
}
public TLINQModel Map(TModel model)
{
return SimpleMapper<TModel, TLINQModel>.Map(model);
}
public IList<TModel> Map(IList<TLINQModel> model)
{
return SimpleMapper<TLINQModel, TModel>.MapList(model);
}
public IList<TLINQModel> Map(IList<TModel> model)
{
return SimpleMapper<TModel, TLINQModel>.MapList(model);
}
}
It's quite cryptic, always recreates mappings, but it worked. I hope it helps somehow. :)

Now, with new version of AutoMapper, the recommended way is using Queryable-Extensions:
When using an ORM such as NHibernate or Entity Framework with
AutoMapper's standard Mapper.Map functions, you may notice that the
ORM will query all the fields of all the objects within a graph when
AutoMapper is attempting to map the results to a destination type.
If your ORM exposes IQueryables, you can use AutoMapper's
QueryableExtensions helper methods to address this key pain.
The .ProjectTo() will tell AutoMapper's mapping engine
to emit a select clause to the IQueryable that will inform entity
framework that it only needs to query the Name column of the Item
table, same as if you manually projected your IQueryable to an
OrderLineDTO with a Select clause.
Create a mapping:
Mapper.CreateMap<Customer, CustomerDto>();
And project query to dto:
var customerDto =
session.Query<Customer>().Where(customer => customer.Id == id)
.Project().To<CustomerDto>()
.Single();

AutoMapper is very expressive when it comes to mapping error. read the exception message carefully.
another important thing is to remember to call Mapper.AssertConfigurationIsValid(); after creating the mappings. it gives an error if the mapping is wrong, thus preventing an exception later in the application runtime.

You should ignore mapping of some entity properties like so:
Mapper.CreateMap<CustomerDto, Customer>()
.ForMember(dest => dest.EntityKey, opt => opt.Ignore())
.ForMember(dest => dest.Licenses, opt => opt.Ignore())
.ForMember(dest => dest.AccessCodes, opt => opt.Ignore());
If you examine the message from the exception thrown by Automapper, you should see the entity properties that cannot be mapped and ignore them as above.

As you can read here you need to do the following
You can update entities with AutoMapper. Here's how: pass both the DTO and the entity object to AutoMapper's Map method. That's what this code does:
custExisting = Mapper.Map(Of CustomerDTO, Customer)(custDTO, custExisting)
Also beware of mapping issues like the one described here
These tips worked for me.

Related

AutoMapper - Use method to update IEnumerable property with no setter?

I'm having some trouble using AutoMapper to map from a data transfer object to a database entity model. The entity has a few properties that are custom array types, derived from IEnumerable. There's no setter for those properties, but there is a method called SetFromString() that is available. I can't seem to configure my map properly to use it though. Does AutoMapper support this kind of thing? If anyone could point me in the right direction, I'd appreciate it.
Below is a boiled-down version of the key classes I'm working with. (The mapping works just fine going from entity to DTO, but I need it to work in the reverse direction as well.)
// The database entity
public class ContactEntity
{
public CustomArray<String> CustomerNumbers { get; }
}
// The data transfer object
public class ContactDto
{
public List<String> CustomerNumbers { get; set; }
}
// CustomArray definition
public abstract class CustomArray<DataType> : IEnumerable<DataType>, IDisposable
{
protected CustomArray();
public abstract void SetFromString(string Value);
}
My mapping profile is still pretty vanilla since I couldn't wrap my head around the proper ForMember syntax.
public class ContactMappingProfile : Profile
{
public ContactMappingProfile()
{
// This map works fine
CreateMap<ContactEntity, ContactDto>();
// Map from DTO to Entity
CreateMap<ContactDto, ContactEntity>()
.ForMember(dest => dest.CustomerNumbers,
opt => opt.ResolveUsing(src => src.CustomerNumbers));
}
}
Thanks again for any help you can provide!
You could use either UseDestinationValue or Ignore for destination entity CustomerNumbers member and perform the actual mapping in AfterMap:
cfg.CreateMap<ContactDto, ContactEntity>()
.ForMember(dest => dest.CustomerNumbers, opt => opt.Ignore())
.AfterMap((src, dest) => dest.CustomerNumbers.SetFromString(string.Join(",", src.CustomerNumbers)));

EF Core fluent mapping to inner object properties

I have a class that contains some properties.
For some architectural reasons, I have an instance of another objet into my class.
Simple example
public class MyEntity {
public MySubEntity SubEntity {get; set;}
}
For this, I create fluent mapping like :
builder.ToTable(MyEntity.CONST_TABLE_NAME);
builder.HasKey(m => m.Id);
builder.Property(m => m.Column1).IsRequired();
builder.Property(m => m.SubEntity.Column2).IsRequired();
I cannot integrate all my subEntity properties into my main entity (my subEntity has its own intelligence). I just want to map my subentity properties, which is NOT stored in a separated table, to myEntity table.
The last line throw an exception :
The expression 'm => m.SubEntity.Column2' is not a valid property expression. The expression should represent a property access: 't => t.MyProperty'.
How can I perform such mapping ?
EF Core doesn't support this type of mapping for now. It will not be supported in EF Core 1.0 RTM (see my github issue : https://github.com/aspnet/Home/issues/1330)
As I described in my github issue, I figured out 2 solutions :
1) Create a derived class from my model, specialy designed for EF, and expose all properties as simple. It will need more mapping when insert/update and retrieve from Db. We don't choose this option
2) Create proxy properties. In my example, this is like :
public class MyEntity {
private MySubEntity SubEntity {get; set;}
public string SubEntityValue
{
get
{
return SubEntity.Value;
}
set
{
SubEntity.Value = value;
}
}
This seems to be the best solution (we choose this one).

Map List<> with Automapper?

I have two classes:
public class CustomerDTO
{
public string Name {get;set;}
public List<Order> Orders {get;set;}
}
public class OrderDTO
{
public string Name {get;set;}
public string Description {get;set;}
public decimal Cost{get;set;}
}
I am using AutoMapper for .NET 3.5 and currently doing the following in my Application_StartUp:
Mapper.CreateMap<Customer, CustomerDTO>();
Mapper.CreateMap<Order,OrderDTO>();
This is a simplified example as I named my DTO properties different than my entity properties, so I used ForMember, but I am unclear on how to map Orders to Customer:
I tried:
Mapper.CreateMap<Customer, CustomerDTO()
.ForMember(dest => dest.Orders, opt=> opt.MapFrom(src=>src.Orders));
but it does not find src.Orders.
If I do indeed need to have both CreateMap statements, does AutoMapper "automatically" link the objects Customer to Orders?
Yes, you need to tell AutoMapper about each mapping. It will not guess for you. So, if an OrderDTO should map to an Order, you must tell AutoMapper that. You must also specify the reverse relationship if that's needed as well (i.e. Order should map to OrderDTO).
In other words, for bi-directional mapping you would need:
Mapper.CreateMap<Order, OrderDTO>();
Mapper.CreateMap<OrderDTO, Order>();
As far as Customer goes, if both Customer and CustomerDTO have a property named Orders, you don't need to do anything else. As long as you've told AutoMapper to map between Order and OrderDTO and Customer and CustomerDTO, it will automatically map your Order when you map Customer.

Circular reference causing stack overflow with Automapper

I'm using Automapper to map my NHibernate proxy objects (DTO) to my CSLA business objects
I'm using Fluent NHibernate to create the mappings - this is working fine
The problem I have is that the Order has a collection of OrderLines and each of these has a reference to Order.
public class OrderMapping : ClassMap<OrderDTO>
{
public OrderMapping()
{
// Standard properties
Id(x => x.OrderId);
Map(x => x.OrderDate);
Map(x => x.Address);
HasMany<OrderLineDTO>(x => x.OrderLines).KeyColumn("OrderId").Inverse();
Table("`Order`");
}
}
public class OrderDTO
{
// Standard properties
public virtual int OrderId { get; set; }
public virtual DateTime OrderDate { get; set; }
public virtual string Address { get; set; }
// Child collection properties
public virtual IList<OrderLineDTO> OrderLines { get; set; } <-- this refs the lines
}
and:
public class OrderLineMapping : ClassMap<OrderLineDTO>
{
public OrderLineMapping()
{
// Standard properties
Id(x => x.OrderLineId);
References<OrderDTO>(x => x.Order).Column("OrderId");
Map(x => x.Description);
Map(x => x.Amount);
Table("`OrderLine`");
}
}
public class OrderLineDTO
{
// Standard properties
public virtual int OrderLineId { get; set; }
public virtual string Description { get; set; }
public virtual decimal Amount { get; set; }
public virtual OrderDTO Order { get; set; } // <-- this refs the order
}
These DTO objects map to Order and OrderLines CSLA objects respectively
When auto-mapping to OrderLines a list of OrderLinesDTO is mapped. Auto mapper is then mapping the "Order" property on of the lines, which maps back to Order which then circularly maps back to OrderLine, then to Order and so on
Does anyone know if Automapper can avoid this circular reference?
In your Automapper configuration:
Mapper.Map<OrderLine, OrderLineDTO>()
.ForMember(m => m.Order, opt => opt.Ignore());
Mapper.Map<Order, OrderDTO>()
.AfterMap((src, dest) => {
foreach(var i in dest.OrderLines)
i.Order = dest;
});
I was having the same issue using EF 6 and AutoMapper 6. Apparently what Kenny Lucero posted led me to the solution. Here's an extract from AM site:
// Circular references between users and groups
cfg.CreateMap<User, UserDto>().PreserveReferences();
Adding PreserveReferences() to both models made it work.
I was having the same issue and solved it by downgrading to version 4.2.1.
apparently the checks for circular references was expensive so they made it default to not check.
Migrating to AutoMapper 5 - Circular references
Supposedly these are supposed to be the settings methods for v 5+ but it didn't work for my data model because we opt'd for complex dto relationships instead of single use dtos for each action.
// Self-referential mapping
cfg.CreateMap<Category, CategoryDto>().MaxDepth(3);
// Circular references between users and groups
cfg.CreateMap<User, UserDto>().PreserveReferences();
http://docs.automapper.org/en/stable/5.0-Upgrade-Guide.html#circular-references
Automapper is supposed to be able to statically determine if the circular reference settings in v6.1+, So if it doesn't work for you automatically in version v6.1+ contact the automapper team.
Since this is the #1 google search result, I think there might be some people, like me, coming here who don't get a stackoverflow exception, but find trouble when sending the object (via ASP.NET) to the client, and thus it being JSON serialized.
So I had the same structure in place, Invoices has multiple InvoiceLines, when I load an Invoice and use the Linq-to-SQL .Include(x => x.InvoiceLines) I get errors when I try to load the object from the Api because each InvoiceLine contains the same Invoice again.
To solve this, do the following in ASP.NET Core Startup class:
services.AddMvc().AddJsonOptions(o =>
{
o.SerializerSettings.ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver();
o.SerializerSettings.NullValueHandling = Newtonsoft.Json.NullValueHandling.Ignore;
o.SerializerSettings.PreserveReferencesHandling = PreserveReferencesHandling.Objects;
// ^^ IMPORTANT PART ^^
}).SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);
So include o.SerializerSettings.PreserveReferencesHandling = PreserveReferencesHandling.Objects; in your JsonConfiguration when adding MVC to your application.
JSON.Net is taking the extra step to setup each reference with an additional meta-property called “$id”. When JSON.Net encounters the same instance in another place in the object graph, it simply drops a reference to the original instance, instead of duplicating the data, and thus not causing circular reference issues!
Source: https://johnnycode.com/2012/04/10/serializing-circular-references-with-json-net-and-entity-framework/
So now I don't have to further edit my AutoMapper configuration.
If anyone using Mapster (a mapping library for C# same as AutoMapper)
TypeAdapterConfig<TSource, TDestination>
.NewConfig()
.PreserveReference(true);
need to be used for preventing stack overflow error.
Not sure if I should post it here:
I had the same error after doing an automapper.map in a method.
The answer of CularBytes got me thinking that the issue was not automapper related but json related.
I did:
Return ok(_service.getDataById(id));
instead of
Return ok(await _service.getDataById(id));
(I forgot to await an asyc call... rookie mistake I know)

ASP.net MVC - Should I use AutoMapper from ViewModel to Entity Framework entities?

I am currently using AutoMapper to map my Entity Framework entities to my View Model:
public class ProductsController : Controller
{
private IProductRepository productRepository;
public ProductsController(IProductRepository productRepository)
{
this.productRepository = productRepository;
}
public ActionResult Details(int id)
{
var product = productRepository.GetProduct(id);
if( product == null )
return View("NotFound");
ProductDetailsViewModel model = Mapper.Map<Product, ProductDetailsViewModel>(product);
return View(model);
}
}
This works well. The question I have is when I need to go from my View Model to my entity in order to update the database. Should I be using AutoMapper for this? Is this a bad/dangerous practice?
It seems like AutoMapper is good for flattening a complex type to a simple (flat) type, but so far I'm struggling trying to go from a flat/simple to a more complex type like my entity with the various navigation properties.
If it is a bad idea to use AutoMapper to do this, then what would my code look like for a Create action?
public ActionResult Create(CreateProductViewModel model)
{
if( ModelState.IsValid )
{
// what do i do here to create my Product entity?
}
}
What about an Edit action?
public ActionResult Edit(int id, EditProductViewModel model)
{
Product product = productRepository.GetProduct(id);
// how do i convert my view model to my entity at this point???
}
I'm a of the mindset that updating your entities is a pretty big deal and that no automated tool should ever be used. Set the properties manually.
Yes its a very tiny amount of more code but automapper or running updatemodel on database entities can sometimes have unintended consequences. Better to make sure your writes are done correctly.
I use AutoMapper with a specialized mapping class that understands how to make a complex model from a simple one. AutoMapper is used to handle the one-to-one mapping and the custom logic in the class for doing the more complex things (like relationships, etc.). All of the AutoMapper configuration is done in the static constructor for the mapping class, which also validates the mapping configuration so that errors fail early.
public class ModelMapper
{
static ModelMapper()
{
Mapper.CreateMap<FooView,Foo>()
.ForMember( f => f.Bars, opt => opt.Ignore() );
Mapper.AssertConfigurationIsValid();
}
public Foo CreateFromModel( FooView model, IEnumerable<Bar> bars )
{
var foo = Mapper.Map<FooView,Foo>();
foreach (var barId in model.BarIds)
{
foo.Bars.Add( bars.Single( b => b.Id == barId ) );
}
return foo;
}
}
You could also try configuring AutoMapper to only map Scalar properties (instead of having to .Ignore() every single property you don't want it to (including inherited properties like .EntityKey and .EntityState).
AutoMapper.Mapper.CreateMap<EntityType, EntityType>()
.ForAllMembers(o => {
o.Condition(ctx =>
{
var members = ctx.Parent.SourceType.GetMember(ctx.MemberName); // get the MemberInfo that we are mapping
if (!members.Any())
return false;
return members.First().GetCustomAttributes(typeof(EdmScalarPropertyAttribute), false).Any(); // determine if the Member has the EdmScalar attribute set
});
});
Some more info at http://www.prosoftnearshore.com/blog/post/2012/03/14/Using-AutoMapper-to-update-Entity-Framework-properties.aspx
Essentially automapping is bad, I wrote a blog post on this http://blog.gavryli.uk/2015/12/02/why-automapping-is-bad-for-you/

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