List all of the "A"'s in string - c#

I wanted to count all of the "A's" in a paritcular string.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.IO;
namespace TESTING
{
class Testing
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//ask user for the filename
string userInput = fetchFileName("Enter the textfile you want to view: ");
//test if the filename writes anything to console
string fileContents = File.ReadAllText(userInput);
string theFileContents = analyseFile(fileContents);
// Console.WriteLine(theFileContents);
Console.ReadLine();
}
private static string analyseFile(string fileContents)
{
string str = fileContents;
if (str.Contains("A"))
{
Console.WriteLine("YES");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("NO");
}
return str;
}
private static string fetchFileName(string askFileName)
{
Console.WriteLine(askFileName);
string userAnswer = Console.ReadLine();
return userAnswer;
}
}
}

Take a look at LINQ. It allows to perform whole range of operations on any kind of collection. And a string is a collection of chars. Below an example how LINQ can make your life easier:
string text = "A sdfsf a A sdfsf AAS sdfA";
int res = text.Count(letter => letter == 'A');
What happens here is that you take text and provide a predicat saying that you want to take any variable letter from the string such that the letter is equal to char A. Then you want to count them.

One of the easiest ways is to iterate over all characters in your file and check if the letter is equal to the letter you want.
When you realize that a string is nothing more then an array of characters, you can do something like this:
public int LetterCount(string filename, char letter)
{
int cnt = 0;
string source = File.ReadAllText(filename);
//Check every character in your string; if it matches increase the counter by 1
foreach (char c in source)
{
if(c == letter)
{
cnt++;
}
}
return cnt;
}
And use it like this:
int A_count = LetterCount(#"C:\test.txt", 'A');
Please note, that this code does not check, if the file actually exists. If you put in a wrong path, you end up with a FileNotFoundException.

Foreach is just another type of loop. This could just as easily be done with a for-loop. The trick is to split the string up in individual characters that you can later compare.
I'm sure you will figure out how to implement this if I just set you on the right path:
string test = "My name is Isak";
char[] arrayOfChars = test.ToCharArray();
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arrayOfChars.Length; i++)
{
if (arrayOfChars[i] == 'a' || arrayOfChars[i] == 'A')
{
count++;
}
}

try simple as
string test = "ABBCDABNDEAA";
int Count = test.Count(x => x == 'A');

Using LINQ, this can by really simple:
string myString = "ababsgsdfsaaaAA22bbaa";
var count = myString.ToLower().Count(c => c == 'a');
Console.Write(count);
Here we take the string and convert it to all lower case so that A and a will be counted together. Then we use the simple LINQ method Count() to count the number of a characters there are.

You could use linq
string text = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog";
var count = text.ToLower().Where(x => x == 'a').Count();
Console.WriteLine(count);
But if you cannot use any advanced techniques you could do it like this:
string text = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog";
int counter = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < text.Count(); i++)
{
if (text[i] == 'a' || text[i] == 'A')
{
counter++;
}
}
Console.WriteLine(counter);

You can do this:
string stringValue = "Addsadsd AAf,,werAA";
int qtdChar = stringValue.Count(x => x == 'A');
int qtdCharInsensitive = stringValue.Count(x => x == 'A' || x=='a');

If you do not want to use a foreach you could erase all the letter A's and compare the length difference.
A bit like this :
private static string analyseFile(string fileContents)
{
var strippedString = fileContents.Replace("A","");
var count = fileContents.Length - strippedString.Length;
return count.ToString();
}

Related

How can I make it so that text.Split(' ')[0] increments?

How can I make it so that text.Split(' ')[0] increments? I would like it to do text.Split(' ')[++] but putting that ++ in there doesn't work. The goal is to have the code count the "search" words. Sorry, new to c#.
using System;
namespace TESTER
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int wordCount = 0;
int index = 0;
string text = "I ate a donut on national donut day and it tasted like a donut";
string search = "donut";
// skip whitespace until first word
while (index < text.Length)
{
if (search == text.Split(' ')[0])
{
wordCount++;
}
}
Console.WriteLine(wordCount);
}
}
}
You could just do this:
string text = "I ate a donut on national donut day and it tasted like a donut";
string search = "donut";
int wordCount = text.Split(' ').Count(x => x == search);
Console.WriteLine(wordCount);
That gives 3.
Try doing this.
using System;
namespace TESTER
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int wordCount = 0;
int index = 0;
string text = "I ate a donut on national donut day and it tasted like a donut";
string search = "donut";
// skip whitespace until first word
string[] wordArray = text.Split(' ');
while (index < wordArray.Length)
{
if (search == wordArray[index])
{
wordCount++;
}
index++;
}
Console.WriteLine(wordCount);
}
}
}
You can use this:
using System;
using System.Linq;
namespace TESTER
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string text = "I ate a donut on national donut day and it tasted like a donut";
string search = "donut";
var wordCount = text.Split(' ', StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
.Count(x => x == search);
Console.WriteLine(wordCount);
}
}
}
If you want a case-insensitive search use:
var wordCount = text.Split(' ', StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries).Count(
x => string.Equals(x, search, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
);
The answer of Enigmativity is the right one. That's how you should do what you want.
But you're learning and using LINQ won't make it easier.
Your variable text is of string. When you use the member function Split(...) of the type string (or String, which is the same), it will return an array of string. This is string[]. To use the [] you can declare such an object.
string[] words;
Then you assign the result of your text.Split(' ') to it.
words = text.Split(' ');
This gives you access to all entries through the variable words.
string str = words[0];
To count without LINQ you can iterate through the array. Think this was you intention with the [++]. You have two options.
Use a for-loop or a foreach.
int wordCount = 0;
for( int i = 0; i < words.Count )
{
if( words[i] == search)
++wordCount;
}
or the foreach-loop
// let pretend it's a real program here and
// reset the wordCount rather then declaring it
wordCount = 0;
foreach( string str in words )
{
if( words[i] == search)
++wordCount;
}
Incrementation with the ++ sign, or it's opposite --:
These need a number. For instance an int.
int number = 0;
This you can increment with:
number++;
Now number will have the value of 1.
You can use it in the indexer of an array. But you do need an integer.
Consider this code:
int index = 0;
while(index < words.Length)
{
Console.WriteLine( words[ index++ ] );
}
Here you have the array words. In the indexer you request entry of what number holds as value. Then index will be incremented by 1 and due to the while-loop index will be 14 upon exiting the while-loop. 14 is the number of words in your initial string.

Method that takes a message and index, creates a substring using the index

Problem: I want to write a method that takes a message/index pair like this:
("Hello, I am *Name1, how are you doing *Name2?", 2)
The index refers to the asterisk delimited name in the message. So if the index is 1, it should refer to *Name1, if it's 2 it should refer to *Name2.
The method should return just the name with the asterisk (*Name2).
I have attempted to play around with substrings, taking the first delimited * and ending when we reach a character that isn't a letter, number, underscore or hyphen, but the logic just isn't setting in.
I know this is similar to a few problems on SO but I can't find anything this specific. Any help is appreciated.
This is what's left of my very vague attempt so far. Based on this thread:
public string GetIndexedNames(string message, int index)
{
int strStart = message.IndexOf("#") + "#".Length;
int strEnd = message.LastIndexOf(" ");
String result = message.Substring(strStart, strEnd - strStart);
}
If you want to do it the old school way, then something like:
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
string message = "Hello, I am *Name1, how are you doing *Name2?";
string name1 = GetIndexedNames(message, "*", 1);
string name2 = GetIndexedNames(message, "*", 2);
Console.WriteLine(message);
Console.WriteLine(name1);
Console.WriteLine(name2);
Console.ReadLine();
}
public static string GetIndexedNames(string message, string singleCharDelimiter, int index)
{
string valid = "abcdefghijlmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_-";
string[] parts = message.Split(singleCharDelimiter.ToArray());
if (parts.Length >= index)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for(int i = 0; i < parts[index].Length; i++)
{
string character = parts[index].Substring(i, 1);
if (valid.Contains(character))
{
sb.Append(character);
}
else
{
return sb.ToString();
}
}
return sb.ToString();
}
return "";
}
You can try using regular expressions to match the names. Assuming that name is a sequence of word characters (letters or digits):
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
...
// Either name with asterisk *Name or null
// index is 1-based
private static ObtainName(string source, int index) => Regex
.Matches(source, #"\*\w+")
.Cast<Match>()
.Select(match => match.Value)
.Distinct() // in case the same name repeats several times
.ElementAtOrDefault(index - 1);
Demo:
string name = ObtainName(
"Hello, I am *Name1, how are you doing *Name2?", 2);
Console.Write(name);
Outcome:
*Name2
Perhaps not the most elegant solution, but if you want to use IndexOf, use a loop:
public static string GetIndexedNames(string message, int index, char marker='*')
{
int lastFound = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) {
lastFound = message.IndexOf(marker, lastFound+1);
if (lastFound == -1) return null;
}
var space = message.IndexOf(' ', lastFound);
return space == -1 ? message.Substring(lastFound) : message.Substring(lastFound, space - lastFound);
}

After instruction still can not make for loop with C# [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
How do I create a terminable while loop in console application?
(7 answers)
Closed 3 years ago.
I started a C# course now and there is an assignment where I have to create a "palindrome detector" program. Point is that user inputs some word or sentence, then I have to remove chars like ,.;:!? and space from it. I have done that with two different methods, because char method can not remove space so I wrote another method for it.
After "cleaning" operation program reversing input what user gave, and comparing original user input and reversed user input to each other. It they are same it prints "It is palindrome", if they are different it prints "It is not palindrome". That is working fine, BUT THE PROBLEM IS I have to put them in for loop. It have to ask input again and again, until user give empty.
This would be very easy, but somehow I can not do it.
Here is my code:
using System;
namespace Palindromi
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("Hei! Tervetuloa palindromin tunnistusohjelmaan. Tämä tunnistaa, onko syöttämäsi sana sama toisinpäin!");
Console.Write("Anna teksti (tyhjä lopettaa): ");
string userinput = Console.ReadLine(); //userinput is user's input, this is what you have to modify. remove some chars and reverse it.
if (userinput == "")
{
Console.ReadLine();//when i have loop this have to be "break". This meant to break for loop when i have it.
}
char[] removechars = { '.', ':', ';', ',', '!', '?' };//this is the list of "have to be removed" chars
string userinput_without_chars = userinput.Trim(removechars); //this method remove chars which are listed
string userinput_without_chars_space = userinput_without_chars.Replace( " ", ""); //replace space with empty
string reverse_string, reversed;
reverse_string = userinput_without_chars_space;
reversed = "";
int len;
len = userinput_without_chars_space.Length - 1;
while (len >= 0)
{
reversed = reversed + reverse_string[len];
len--;
}
Console.WriteLine("Sana käännettynä on {0}", reversed); //tells user input reversed
if (userinput_without_chars_space == reversed)//check is the userinput same than reversed user input
{
Console.Write("On palindromi.");//it is palindrome
}
else
{
Console.Write("Ei ole palindromi.");//it is not palindrome
}
}
}
}
You could potentially do something along these lines:
var running = true;
while(running)
{
var input = Console.ReadLine().ToLower();
var phrase = input.Sanitize(new List<string>() {".", ",", "?", "!", "'", "&", "%", "$", " "});
if(phrase.IsPalindrome())
Console.Writeline("Input was palindrome.");
}
public static string Sanitize(this string input, IList<string> punctuation) =>
String.Join(String.Empty, input.Where(character => punctuation.Contains(character) == false));
public static bool IsPalindrome(this string sentence)
{
for (int l = 0, r = sentence.Length - 1; l < r; l++, r--)
if (sentence[l] != sentence[r])
return false;
return true;
}
public static void Close(string input)
{
// Some logic to see if the application should stop.
}
You could create another method that looks for commands, or keystrokes, then sets the boolean to run as false. Which would break the infinite loop. You could also do an abrupt close with Environment.Exit.
The very simplest approach is replace your Console.ReadLine() where you want to break to return.
Alternatively, you could wrap the logic in another while loop.
while (userinput != "")
{
// Remove chars
// rest of your logic
/* IMPORTANT */
userinput = Console.Readline();
}
To remove the symbols from the input, you can use the Regex.Replace method. In this case, you can be sure, that the specified symbols will be correctly removed from the input string. Note, that you can handle the whitespaces along with other characters you mentioned, like in the code snippet below:
var CharactersToRemove { get; set; } = " ,.;:!?";
var processedInput = Regex.Replace(input.ToLower(), $"[{CharactersToRemove}]", string.Empty);
Note, that here I used input.ToLower() to convert the input to a lowercase string. This will make the palindrome tests case-insensitive. Should you need case-sensitive palindrome tests, just remove the .ToLower() part.
There is no need to reverse the input string to check if it is a palindrome. You can check this within one for loop as follows:
bool CheckForBeingaAPalindrome(string input)
{
var frontIndex = 0;
var tailIndex = input.Length - 1;
for (; frontIndex < tailIndex;)
{
if (input[frontIndex] != input[tailIndex])
return false;
++frontIndex;
--tailIndex;
}
return true;
}
Note, that in this case you only iterate over the elements of the input string once. This approach will give you al least 4 times better performance than the one you used.
Below, you can find a complete minimal working solution to your problem.
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using static System.Console;
namespace Assignment
{
public static class PalindromeFinder
{
public static string CharactersToRemove { get; set; } = " ,.;:!?";
public static bool IsPalindrome(string input)
{
var processedInput = RemoveUnnecessaryCharacters(input);
return CheckForBeingAPalindrome(processedInput);
}
private static string RemoveUnnecessaryCharacters(string input)
{
return Regex.Replace(input.ToLower(), $"[{CharactersToRemove}]", string.Empty);
}
private static bool CheckForBeingAPalindrome(string input)
{
var frontIndex = 0;
var tailIndex = input.Length - 1;
for (; frontIndex < tailIndex;)
{
if (input[frontIndex] != input[tailIndex])
return false;
++frontIndex;
--tailIndex;
}
return true;
}
}
public class Program
{
private static void Main(string[] args)
{
ContinuouslyCheckUserInputForBeingAPalindrome();
}
private static void ContinuouslyCheckUserInputForBeingAPalindrome()
{
while (FetchUserInputFromConsole() is string input
&& !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(input))
{
var isPalindrome = PalindromeFinder.IsPalindrome(input);
var modifier = isPalindrome ? "a" : "not a";
WriteLine($"It is {modifier} palindrome");
}
}
private static string FetchUserInputFromConsole()
{
Write("Enter a string: ");
return ReadLine();
}
}
}

Calculate number of zeros in a string

I have a string as follow 51200000000000000000000000000000
This string is not fixed. It will be appended depends on the number of boards. If there are two boards, the string will be as follow 5120000000000000000000000000000052200000000000000000000000000000
I would like to know how to calculate the number of zeros in the string.
I'm using the following code but it is not flexible if there are more than two boards.
string str = "51200000000000000000000000000000";
string zeros = "00000000000000000000000000000";
if (str.Contains(zeros))
{
Console.WriteLine("true");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("false");
}
You can use the following piece of code to do this, which will give you the number of zeros(Example).
char matchChar='0';
string strInput = "51200000000000000000000000000000";
int zeroCount = strInput.Count(x => x == matchChar); // will be 29
You can do the same by iterating through each characters and check whether it is the required character(say 0) then take its count.
Use a simple foreach loop to traverse the string and count:
int CountZeroes(string str)
{
// TODO: error checking, etc.
int count = 0;
foreach (var character in str)
{
if (character == '0') count++;
}
return count;
}
a little advanced (or so) technique would be to convert the string to char array then to list of chars then using LINQ
string str = "51200000000000000000000000000000";
List<char> nums = str.ToCharArray().ToList();
Console.WriteLine(nums.Where(x => x.Equals('0')).Select(x => x.ToString()).Count());
i just placed this here in case you want to learn not just a single approach :)
It can also do with a for loop and Substring.
Code
string str = "51200000000000000000000000000000";
int n = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < str.Length; i++)
{
if (str.Substring(i, 1) == "0")
n += 1;
}
Console.WriteLine("Count : " + n.ToString());
Working fiddle demo
Code:
string st;
st = textBox1.Text;
int countch = 0, i;
for (i = 0; i < st.Length; i++)
if (st[i]=='0') countch++;
MessageBox.Show(countch.ToString());
using System.Linq
int count0s = str.Count(z => z == '0');
will return how many 0's in your str string

How to extract phrases and then words in a string of text?

I have a search method that takes in a user-entered string, splits it at each space character and then proceeds to find matches based on the list of separated terms:
string[] terms = searchTerms.ToLower().Trim().Split( ' ' );
Now I have been given a further requirement: to be able to search for phrases via double quote delimiters a la Google. So if the search terms provided were:
"a line of" text
The search would match occurrences of "a line of" and "text" rather than the four separate terms [the open and closing double quotes would also need to be removed before searching].
How can I achieve this in C#? I would assume regular expressions would be the way to go, but haven't dabbled in them much so don't know if they are the best solution.
If you need any more info, please ask. Thanks in advance for the help.
Here's a regex pattern that would return matches in groups named 'term':
("(?<term>[^"]+)"\s*|(?<term>[^ ]+)\s*)+
So for the input:
"a line" of text
The output items identified by the 'term' group would be:
a line
of
text
Regular expressions would definitely be the way to go...
You should check this MSDN link out for some info on the Regex class:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.text.regularexpressions.regex.aspx
and here is an excellent link to learn some regular expression syntax:
http://www.radsoftware.com.au/articles/regexlearnsyntax.aspx
Then to add some code examples, you could be doing it something along these lines:
string searchString = "a line of";
Match m = Regex.Match(textToSearch, searchString);
or if you just want to find out if the string contains a match or not:
bool success = Regex.Match(textToSearch, searchString).Success;
use the regular expression builder here
http://gskinner.com/RegExr/
and you will be able to manipulate the regular expression to how you need it displayed
Use Regexs....
string textToSearchIn = ""a line of" text";
string result = Regex.Match(textToSearchIn, "(?<=").*?(?=")").Value;
or if more then one, put this into a match collection...
MatchCollection allPhrases = Regex.Matches(textToSearchIn, "(?<=").*?(?=")");
The Knuth-Morris-Pratt (KMP algorithm)is recognised as the fastest algorithm for finding substrings in strings (well, technically not strings but byte-arrays).
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace KMPSearch
{
public class KMPSearch
{
public static int NORESULT = -1;
private string _needle;
private string _haystack;
private int[] _jumpTable;
public KMPSearch(string haystack, string needle)
{
Haystack = haystack;
Needle = needle;
}
public void ComputeJumpTable()
{
//Fix if we are looking for just one character...
if (Needle.Length == 1)
{
JumpTable = new int[1] { -1 };
}
else
{
int needleLength = Needle.Length;
int i = 2;
int k = 0;
JumpTable = new int[needleLength];
JumpTable[0] = -1;
JumpTable[1] = 0;
while (i <= needleLength)
{
if (i == needleLength)
{
JumpTable[needleLength - 1] = k;
}
else if (Needle[k] == Needle[i])
{
k++;
JumpTable[i] = k;
}
else if (k > 0)
{
JumpTable[i - 1] = k;
k = 0;
}
i++;
}
}
}
public int[] MatchAll()
{
List<int> matches = new List<int>();
int offset = 0;
int needleLength = Needle.Length;
int m = Match(offset);
while (m != NORESULT)
{
matches.Add(m);
offset = m + needleLength;
m = Match(offset);
}
return matches.ToArray();
}
public int Match()
{
return Match(0);
}
public int Match(int offset)
{
ComputeJumpTable();
int haystackLength = Haystack.Length;
int needleLength = Needle.Length;
if ((offset >= haystackLength) || (needleLength > ( haystackLength - offset)))
return NORESULT;
int haystackIndex = offset;
int needleIndex = 0;
while (haystackIndex < haystackLength)
{
if (needleIndex >= needleLength)
return haystackIndex;
if (haystackIndex + needleIndex >= haystackLength)
return NORESULT;
if (Haystack[haystackIndex + needleIndex] == Needle[needleIndex])
{
needleIndex++;
}
else
{
//Naive solution
haystackIndex += needleIndex;
//Go back
if (needleIndex > 1)
{
//Index of the last matching character is needleIndex - 1!
haystackIndex -= JumpTable[needleIndex - 1];
needleIndex = JumpTable[needleIndex - 1];
}
else
haystackIndex -= JumpTable[needleIndex];
}
}
return NORESULT;
}
public string Needle
{
get { return _needle; }
set { _needle = value; }
}
public string Haystack
{
get { return _haystack; }
set { _haystack = value; }
}
public int[] JumpTable
{
get { return _jumpTable; }
set { _jumpTable = value; }
}
}
}
Usage :-
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Reflection;
namespace KMPSearch
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
if (args.Length != 2)
{
Console.WriteLine("Usage: " + Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()[0] + " haystack needle");
}
else
{
KMPSearch search = new KMPSearch(args[0], args[1]);
int[] matches = search.MatchAll();
foreach (int i in matches)
Console.WriteLine("Match found at position " + i+1);
}
}
}
}
Try this, It'll return an array for text. ex: { "a line of" text "notepad" }:
string textToSearch = "\"a line of\" text \" notepad\"";
MatchCollection allPhrases = Regex.Matches(textToSearch, "(?<=\").*?(?=\")");
var RegArray = allPhrases.Cast<Match>().ToArray();
output: {"a line of","text"," notepad" }

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