Develop Reference

Compress animated gif image size using c#

I wanted to create animated gif image from several images using c#, so i have used below github solution to do so.
https://github.com/DataDink/Bumpkit
I am using below code to do it
using (var gif = File.OpenWrite(#"C:\IMG_TEST.gif"))
using (var encoder = new GifEncoder(gif))
for (int i = 0, count = imageFilePaths.Length; i < count; i++)
{
Image image = Image.FromFile(imageFilePaths[i]);
encoder.AddFrame(image,0,0);
}
it is working like a charm, but it is creating gif of size 45 MB. If i check my actual image size , then it is only 11MB with total 47 images. but somehow gif is generating with big size.
Now i want to compress the size of gif image which is being created using c#.
So is there any way i can compress the size of gif image?

I know this is an old question, but figured I'd share this solution.
I ran into the same issue and found that each frame should contain only the differences in pixels from the previous frame. I thought that the encoder would do the image diff for me, but apparently it doesn't.
So before adding each frame, I compare it to the previous frame using this method I wrote. I then add the resulting image that contains only the changed pixels.
Here's where I'm using it: https://github.com/Jay-Rad/CleanShot/blob/master/CleanShot/Classes/GIFRecorder.cs
public class ImageDiff
{
public static Bitmap GetDifference(Bitmap bitmap1, Bitmap bitmap2)
{
if (bitmap1.Height != bitmap2.Height || bitmap1.Width != bitmap2.Width)
{
throw new Exception("Bitmaps are not of equal dimensions.");
}
if (!Bitmap.IsAlphaPixelFormat(bitmap1.PixelFormat) || !Bitmap.IsAlphaPixelFormat(bitmap2.PixelFormat) ||
!Bitmap.IsCanonicalPixelFormat(bitmap1.PixelFormat) || !Bitmap.IsCanonicalPixelFormat(bitmap2.PixelFormat))
{
throw new Exception("Bitmaps must be 32 bits per pixel and contain alpha channel.");
}
var newImage = new Bitmap(bitmap1.Width, bitmap1.Height);
var bd1 = bitmap1.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, bitmap1.Width, bitmap1.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, bitmap1.PixelFormat);
var bd2 = bitmap2.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, bitmap2.Width, bitmap2.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, bitmap2.PixelFormat);
// Get the address of the first line.
IntPtr ptr1 = bd1.Scan0;
IntPtr ptr2 = bd2.Scan0;
// Declare an array to hold the bytes of the bitmap.
int bytes = Math.Abs(bd1.Stride) * bitmap1.Height;
byte[] rgbValues1 = new byte[bytes];
byte[] rgbValues2 = new byte[bytes];
// Copy the RGBA values into the array.
Marshal.Copy(ptr1, rgbValues1, 0, bytes);
Marshal.Copy(ptr2, rgbValues2, 0, bytes);
// Check RGBA value for each pixel.
for (int counter = 0; counter < rgbValues1.Length - 4; counter += 4)
{
if (rgbValues1[counter] != rgbValues2[counter] ||
rgbValues1[counter + 1] != rgbValues2[counter + 1] ||
rgbValues1[counter + 2] != rgbValues2[counter + 2] ||
rgbValues1[counter + 3] != rgbValues2[counter + 3])
{
// Change was found.
var pixel = counter / 4;
var row = (int)Math.Floor((double)pixel / bd1.Width);
var column = pixel % bd1.Width;
newImage.SetPixel(column, row, Color.FromArgb(rgbValues1[counter + 3], rgbValues1[counter + 2], rgbValues1[counter + 1], rgbValues1[counter]));
}
}
bitmap1.UnlockBits(bd1);
bitmap2.UnlockBits(bd2);
return newImage;
}
}

generic error occurred in GDI+ saving bitmap to file in a loop witin c#

I'm saving a bitmap to a file on my hard drive inside of a loop (All the jpeg files within a directory are being saved to a database). The save works fine the first pass through the loop, but then gives the subject error on the second pass. I thought perhaps the file was getting locked so I tried generating a unique file name for each pass, and I'm also using Dispose() on the bitmap after the file get saved. Any idea what is causing this error?
Here is my code:
private string fileReducedDimName = #"c:\temp\Photos\test\filePhotoRedDim";
...
foreach (string file in files)
{
int i = 0;
//if the file dimensions are big, scale the file down
Stream photoStream = File.OpenRead(file);
byte[] photoByte = new byte[photoStream.Length];
photoStream.Read(photoByte, 0, System.Convert.ToInt32(photoByte.Length));
Image image = Image.FromStream(new MemoryStream(photoByte));
Bitmap bm = ScaleImage(image);
bm.Save(fileReducedDimName + i.ToString() + ".jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg);//error occurs here
Array.Clear(photoByte,0, photoByte.Length);
bm.Dispose();
i ++;
}
...
Thanks
Here's the scale image code: (this seems to be working ok)
protected Bitmap ScaleImage(System.Drawing.Image Image)
{
//reduce dimensions of image if appropriate
int destWidth;
int destHeight;
int sourceRes;//resolution of image
int maxDimPix;//largest dimension of image pixels
int maxDimInch;//largest dimension of image inches
Double redFactor;//factor to reduce dimensions by
if (Image.Width > Image.Height)
{
maxDimPix = Image.Width;
}
else
{
maxDimPix = Image.Height;
}
sourceRes = Convert.ToInt32(Image.HorizontalResolution);
maxDimInch = Convert.ToInt32(maxDimPix / sourceRes);
//Assign size red factor based on max dimension of image (inches)
if (maxDimInch >= 17)
{
redFactor = 0.45;
}
else if (maxDimInch < 17 && maxDimInch >= 11)
{
redFactor = 0.65;
}
else if (maxDimInch < 11 && maxDimInch >= 8)
{
redFactor = 0.85;
}
else//smaller than 8" dont reduce dimensions
{
redFactor = 1;
}
destWidth = Convert.ToInt32(Image.Width * redFactor);
destHeight = Convert.ToInt32(Image.Height * redFactor);
Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(destWidth, destHeight,
PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
bm.SetResolution(Image.HorizontalResolution, Image.VerticalResolution);
Graphics grPhoto = Graphics.FromImage(bm);
grPhoto.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
grPhoto.DrawImage(Image,
new Rectangle(0, 0, destWidth, destHeight),
new Rectangle(0, 0, Image.Width, Image.Height),
GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
grPhoto.Dispose();
return bm;
}

If I'm reading the code right, your i variable is zero every time through the loop.

It is hard to diagnose exactly what is wrong, I would recommend that you use using statements to ensure that your instances are getting disposed of properly, but it looks like they are.
I originally thought it might be an issue with the ScaleImage. So I tried a different resize function (C# GDI+ Image Resize Function) and it worked, but i is always set to zero at beginning of each loop. Once you move i's initialization outside of the loop your scale method works as well.
private void MethodName()
{
string fileReducedDimName = #"c:\pics";
int i = 0;
foreach (string file in Directory.GetFiles(fileReducedDimName, "*.jpg"))
{
//if the file dimensions are big, scale the file down
using (Image image = Image.FromFile(file))
{
using (Bitmap bm = ScaleImage(image))
{
bm.Save(fileReducedDimName + #"\" + i.ToString() + ".jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg);//error occurs here
//this is all redundant code - do not need
//Array.Clear(photoByte, 0, photoByte.Length);
//bm.Dispose();
}
}
//ResizeImage(file, 50, 50, fileReducedDimName +#"\" + i.ToString()+".jpg");
i++;
}
}

Byte size of image grow after split and merge of a Tiff file

I am trying to split and merge a multi-page tiff image. The reason I split is to draw annotations at each image level. The code is working fine, however the merged tiff is pretty large compared to source tiff. For example, I have tested with 17 color pages tiff image(size is 5MB), after splitting and merging, it produces 85MB tiff image. I am using BitMiracle.LibTiff.I actually commented the annotations code temporary as well to resolve this size issue, I am not sure what I am doing wrong.. Here is the code to split.
private List<Bitmap> SplitTiff(byte[] imageData)
{
var bitmapList = new List<Bitmap>();
var tiffStream = new TiffStreamForBytes(imageData);
//open tif file
var tif = Tiff.ClientOpen("", "r", null, tiffStream);
//get number of pages
var num = tif.NumberOfDirectories();
if (num == 1)
return new List<Bitmap>
{
new Bitmap(GetImage(imageData))
};
for (short i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
//set current page
tif.SetDirectory(i);
FieldValue[] photoMetric = tif.GetField(TiffTag.PHOTOMETRIC);
Photometric photo = Photometric.MINISBLACK;
if (photoMetric != null && photoMetric.Length > 0)
photo = (Photometric)photoMetric[0].ToInt();
if (photo != Photometric.MINISBLACK && photo != Photometric.MINISWHITE)
bitmapList.Add(GetBitmapFromTiff(tif));
// else
// bitmapList.Add(GetBitmapFromTiffBlack(tif, photo));// commented temporrarly to fix size issue
}
return bitmapList;
}
private static Bitmap GetBitmapFromTiff(Tiff tif)
{
var value = tif.GetField(TiffTag.IMAGEWIDTH);
var width = value[0].ToInt();
value = tif.GetField(TiffTag.IMAGELENGTH);
var height = value[0].ToInt();
//Read the image into the memory buffer
var raster = new int[height * width];
if (!tif.ReadRGBAImage(width, height, raster))
{
return null;
}
var bmp = new Bitmap(width, height, PixelFormat.Format32bppRgb);
var rect = new Rectangle(0, 0, bmp.Width, bmp.Height);
var bmpdata = bmp.LockBits(rect, ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format32bppRgb);
var bits = new byte[bmpdata.Stride * bmpdata.Height];
for (var y = 0; y < bmp.Height; y++)
{
int rasterOffset = y * bmp.Width;
int bitsOffset = (bmp.Height - y - 1) * bmpdata.Stride;
for (int x = 0; x < bmp.Width; x++)
{
int rgba = raster[rasterOffset++];
bits[bitsOffset++] = (byte)((rgba >> 16) & 0xff);
bits[bitsOffset++] = (byte)((rgba >> 8) & 0xff);
bits[bitsOffset++] = (byte)(rgba & 0xff);
bits[bitsOffset++] = (byte)((rgba >> 24) & 0xff);
}
}
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.Copy(bits, 0, bmpdata.Scan0, bits.Length);
bmp.UnlockBits(bmpdata);
return bmp;
}
and the code to merge individual Bitmaps to tiff is here...
public static PrizmImage PrizmImageFromBitmaps(List<Bitmap> imageItems, string ext)
{
if (imageItems.Count == 1 && !(ext.ToLower().Equals(".tif") || ext.ToLower().Equals(".tiff")))
return new PrizmImage(new MemoryStream(ImageUtility.BitmapToByteArray(imageItems[0])), ext);
var codecInfo = GetCodecInfo();
var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
var encoderParams = new EncoderParameters(1);
encoderParams.Param[0] = new EncoderParameter(Encoder.SaveFlag, (long)EncoderValue.MultiFrame);
var initialImage = imageItems[0];
var masterBitmap = imageItems[0];// new Bitmap(initialImage);
masterBitmap.Save(memoryStream, codecInfo, encoderParams);
encoderParams.Param[0] = new EncoderParameter(Encoder.SaveFlag, (long)EncoderValue.FrameDimensionPage);
for (var i = 1; i < imageItems.Count; i++)
{
var img = imageItems[i];
masterBitmap.SaveAdd(img, encoderParams);
img.Dispose();
}
encoderParams.Param[0] = new EncoderParameter(Encoder.SaveFlag, (long)EncoderValue.Flush);
masterBitmap.SaveAdd(encoderParams);
memoryStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
encoderParams.Dispose();
masterBitmap.Dispose();
return new PrizmImage(memoryStream, ext);
}

Most probably, the issue is caused by the fact you are converting all images to 32 bits-per-pixel bitmaps.
Suppose, you have a black and white fax-encoded image. It might be encoded as a 100 Kb TIFF file. The same image might take 10+ megabytes when you save it as a 32bpp bitmap. Compressing these megabytes will help, but you never achieve the same compression ratio as in source image because you increased amount of image data from 1 bit per pixel to 32 bits per pixel.
So, you should not convert images to 32bpp bitmaps, if possible. Try preserve their properties and compression as much as possible. Have a look at source code of the TiffCP utility for hints how to do that.
If you absolutely have to convert images to 32bpp bitmaps (you might have to if you add colorful annotations to them) then there is not much can be done to reduce the resulting size. You might decrease output size by 10-20% percents if you choose better compression scheme and tune up the scheme properly. But that's all, I am afraid.

Threshold value when converting image to 1bpp?

I don't know how to tag this question, please edit if possible.
The job: Create an application which can auto-crop black borders in images in batch runs. Images vary in quality from 100-300dpi, 1bpp-24bpp and a batch can vary from 10 - 10 000 images.
The plan: Convert image to 1bpp (bitonal, black/white, if it isn't already) and after "cleaning up" white spots/dirt/noise find where the black ends and the white begins, these are the new coords for the image crop, apply them to a clone of the original image. Delete old image, save new one.
The progress: All of the above is done, and works, but...
The problem: When converting to 1bpp I have no control of a "threshold" value. I need this. A lot of dark images get cropped too much.
The tries: I've tried
Bitmap imgBitonal = imgOriginal.Clone(new Rectangle(0, 0, b.Width, b.Height), PixelFormat.Format1bppIndexed)
And also this. Both of which work, but none seem to give me the possibility to manually set a threshold value. I need for the user to be able to set this value, amongst others, and use my "preview" function before running the batch so as to see if the settings are any good.
The cry: I'm at a loss here. I don't now what to do or how to do it. Please help a fellow coder out. Point me in a direction, show me where in the code found in the link a threshold value is found (I haven't found one, or don't know where to look) or just give me some code that works. Any help is appreciated.

Try this, from very fast 1bpp convert:
Duplicate from here Convert 24bpp Bitmap to 1bpp
private static unsafe void Convert(Bitmap src, Bitmap conv)
{
// Lock source and destination in memory for unsafe access
var bmbo = src.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, src.Width, src.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly,
src.PixelFormat);
var bmdn = conv.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, conv.Width, conv.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite,
conv.PixelFormat);
var srcScan0 = bmbo.Scan0;
var convScan0 = bmdn.Scan0;
var srcStride = bmbo.Stride;
var convStride = bmdn.Stride;
byte* sourcePixels = (byte*)(void*)srcScan0;
byte* destPixels = (byte*)(void*)convScan0;
var srcLineIdx = 0;
var convLineIdx = 0;
var hmax = src.Height-1;
var wmax = src.Width-1;
for (int y = 0; y < hmax; y++)
{
// find indexes for source/destination lines
// use addition, not multiplication?
srcLineIdx += srcStride;
convLineIdx += convStride;
var srcIdx = srcLineIdx;
for (int x = 0; x < wmax; x++)
{
// index for source pixel (32bbp, rgba format)
srcIdx += 4;
//var r = pixel[2];
//var g = pixel[1];
//var b = pixel[0];
// could just check directly?
//if (Color.FromArgb(r,g,b).GetBrightness() > 0.01f)
if (!(sourcePixels[srcIdx] == 0 && sourcePixels[srcIdx + 1] == 0 && sourcePixels[srcIdx + 2] == 0))
{
// destination byte for pixel (1bpp, ie 8pixels per byte)
var idx = convLineIdx + (x >> 3);
// mask out pixel bit in destination byte
destPixels[idx] |= (byte)(0x80 >> (x & 0x7));
}
}
}
src.UnlockBits(bmbo);
conv.UnlockBits(bmdn);
}

How can I find a template image in another image? Kinect and AForge preferred

I copied the AForge-Sample from here:
http://www.aforgenet.com/framework/features/template_matching.html
And hoped, it would work with 2 Bitmaps as sources as in the following code:
Bitmap findTemplate (Bitmap sourceImage, Bitmap template)
{
// create template matching algorithm's instance
// (set similarity threshold to x.y%, 1.0f = 100%)
ExhaustiveTemplateMatching tm = new ExhaustiveTemplateMatching( 0.4f );
// find all matchings with specified above similarity
TemplateMatch[] matchings = tm.ProcessImage( sourceImage, template ); **// "Unsupported pixel format of the source or template image." as error message**
// highlight found matchings
BitmapData data = sourceImage.LockBits(
new Rectangle( 0, 0, sourceImage.Width, sourceImage.Height ),
ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, sourceImage.PixelFormat );
foreach ( TemplateMatch m in matchings )
{
AForge.Imaging.Drawing.Rectangle( data, m.Rectangle, System.Drawing.Color.White );
// do something else with matching
}
sourceImage.UnlockBits( data );
return sourceImage;
}
But when calling TemplateMatch[] matchings = tm.P.... it gives the error mentioned above.
The template is generated this way:
Bitmap templatebitmap=(Bitmap)AForge.Imaging.Image.FromFile("template.jpg");
the source is generated with the kinect-webcam, where the PlanarImage is formatted as Bitmap (method copied from somewhere, but it was working up to now)
Bitmap PImageToBitmap(PlanarImage PImage)
{
Bitmap bmap = new Bitmap(
PImage.Width,
PImage.Height,
System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppRgb);
BitmapData bmapdata = bmap.LockBits(
new Rectangle(0, 0, PImage.Width,
PImage.Height),
ImageLockMode.WriteOnly,
bmap.PixelFormat);
IntPtr ptr = bmapdata.Scan0;
Marshal.Copy(PImage.Bits,
0,
ptr,
PImage.Width *
PImage.BytesPerPixel *
PImage.Height);
bmap.UnlockBits(bmapdata);
return bmap;
}
So, is anbody able to help me, where my mistake might be?
Or maybe anyone knows a better way to match a template with a Kinect?
The overall job is to detect a known object with the kinect, in my case a rubberduck.
Thank you in advamce.

here's the solution using AForge
but it is slow take around 5 seconds but it works
As usuall u need to introduce AForge framework download and install it.
specify using AForge namespace
and copy paste to make it work
System.Drawing.Bitmap sourceImage = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(#"C:\SavedBMPs\1.jpg");
System.Drawing.Bitmap template = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(#"C:\SavedBMPs\2.jpg");
// create template matching algorithm's instance
// (set similarity threshold to 92.5%)
ExhaustiveTemplateMatching tm = new ExhaustiveTemplateMatching(0.921f);
// find all matchings with specified above similarity
TemplateMatch[] matchings = tm.ProcessImage(sourceImage, template);
// highlight found matchings
BitmapData data = sourceImage.LockBits(
new Rectangle(0, 0, sourceImage.Width, sourceImage.Height),
ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, sourceImage.PixelFormat);
foreach (TemplateMatch m in matchings)
{
Drawing.Rectangle(data, m.Rectangle, Color.White);
MessageBox.Show(m.Rectangle.Location.ToString());
// do something else with matching
}
sourceImage.UnlockBits(data);

So, I just implemented it myself. But it is so slow - so if anyone has an idea to improve, feel free to criticize my code:
public class Position
{
public int bestRow { get; set; }
public int bestCol { get; set; }
public double bestSAD { get; set; }
public Position(int row, int col, double sad)
{
bestRow = row;
bestCol = col;
bestSAD = sad;
}
}
Position element_position = new Position(0, 0, double.PositiveInfinity);
Position ownSearch(Bitmap search, Bitmap template) {
Position position = new Position(0,0,double.PositiveInfinity);
double minSAD = double.PositiveInfinity;
// loop through the search image
for (int x = 0; x <= search.PhysicalDimension.Width - template.PhysicalDimension.Width; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y <= search.PhysicalDimension.Height - template.PhysicalDimension.Height; y++)
{
position_label2.Content = "Running: X=" + x + " Y=" + y;
double SAD = 0.0;
// loop through the template image
for (int i = 0; i < template.PhysicalDimension.Width; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < template.PhysicalDimension.Height; j++)
{
int r = Math.Abs(search.GetPixel(x + i, y + j).R - template.GetPixel(i, j).R);
int g = Math.Abs(search.GetPixel(x + i, y + j).G - template.GetPixel(i, j).G);
int b = Math.Abs(search.GetPixel(x + i, y + j).B - template.GetPixel(i, j).B);
int a = template.GetPixel(i, j).A;
SAD = SAD + ((r + g + b)*a/255 );
}
}
// save the best found position
if (minSAD > SAD)
{
minSAD = SAD;
// give me VALUE_MAX
position.bestRow = x;
position.bestCol = y;
position.bestSAD = SAD;
}
}
}
return position;
}