im trying to move between a path made from different objects. I apply a constant speed with Translate() and Rotating with the perpendicular vector from the object on the right using Raycasting
Although it turns , is it does not rotate fast enough to fully turn and moves out of the path.
Any ideas how to fix this? Or some other way to implement it?
any help will be appreciated
image to help visualize:
Raycast and Rotation image
void Update()
{
RaycastHit hit;
if (!Physics.Raycast(transform.position, Vector3.right, out hit))
return;
MeshCollider meshCollider = hit.collider as MeshCollider;
if (meshCollider == null || meshCollider.sharedMesh == null)
return;
Mesh mesh = meshCollider.sharedMesh;
Vector3[] normals = mesh.normals;
int[] triangles = mesh.triangles;
Vector3 n0 = normals[triangles[hit.triangleIndex * 3 + 0]];
Vector3 n1 = normals[triangles[hit.triangleIndex * 3 + 1]];
Vector3 n2 = normals[triangles[hit.triangleIndex * 3 + 2]];
Vector3 baryCenter = hit.barycentricCoordinate;
Vector3 interpolatedNormal = n0 * baryCenter.x + n1 * baryCenter.y + n2 * baryCenter.z;
interpolatedNormal = interpolatedNormal.normalized;
Transform hitTransform = hit.collider.transform;
interpolatedNormal = hitTransform.TransformDirection(interpolatedNormal);
Vector3 targetDir = Vector3.Cross(interpolatedNormal, Vector3.up); // Get the perpendicular vector
Vector3 newDir = Vector3.RotateTowards(transform.forward, targetDir, 20f, 0f);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(newDir); // Rotate Object
transform.Translate(0,0,0.2f); // Constant Speed
Debug.DrawRay(transform.position, perp,Color.red);
}
I don't think this is a good method, but it works for me. Maybe this can help you.
public float fixedDist = 2.0f;
void WallDetect() {
RaycastHit hit;
if (!Physics.Raycast(transform.position, transform.TransformPoint(Vector3.right) - transform.position, out hit))
return;
Vector3 perp = Vector3.Cross(hit.normal, Vector3.up);
Vector3 targetDir = Vector3.Project(transform.forward, perp).normalized;
Vector3 currentDir = transform.TransformPoint (Vector3.forward) - transform.position;
RaycastHit hit2;
if (Physics.Raycast (transform.position, -hit.normal, out hit2)) {
Vector3 fixedPos = hit2.point + hit.normal * fixedDist;
Vector3 predictPos = fixedPos + targetDir;
transform.position = Vector3.MoveTowards (transform.position, predictPos, 0.01f);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Lerp(transform.rotation, Quaternion.LookRotation (predictPos - transform.position), 0.05f);
}
}
First thing: you seem not to be using data from HitInfo struct - and believe it or not it already contains a .normal Vector3 member, calculated during the raycast (or lazily calculated when requested, I am not sure but it makes no difference), it's best to use it rather than roll your own, simpler and less error prone (your manual finding of the normal looks correct neverless, I haven't tried it though)
Second thing: your last line has a Quaternion.Lerp with t=0.05 which means for each new rotation, you are still taking 95% of the original rotation, which is pretty darn slow rotation indeed. Try something in the range of Time.deltaTime (which is rougly an equivalent of getting close within a second)
Third thing: for rotation its better to use Slerp rather than Lerp, unless you are realt concerned about performance, which doesn't seem to be an issue considering the rest of the code.
Fourt thing: instead of hardcoding linear and rotation speed, try to use multiplies of Time.deltaTime, this way they won't be framerate dependend (as they currently are)
Fifth thing: I have a feeling you shouldn't be setting your target rotation based on normal at current position. The way you are doing it now your rotation lags behind - you should be raycasting from a position one step in the future from your current position, so you know what rotation to take so it is correct by the time you make that step. Currently you set target a future rotation to a rotation correct now, which will lag a frame. Alternatively you could just move the translate step to the top of the loop, the transform will update and the rest should flow as it does.
Finally, your image link doesn't work.
I hope that helps at all
Related
I've been told that Rigidbody.MoveRotation is the best way in Unity 3D to rotate the player between fixed positions while still detecting hits. However, while I can move smoothly from fixed position to position with:
if (Vector3.Distance(player.position, targetPos) > 0.0455f) //FIXES JITTER
{
var direction = targetPos - rb.transform.position;
rb.MovePosition(transform.position + direction.normalized * playerSpeed * Time.fixedDeltaTime);
}
I can't find out how to rotate smoothly between fixed positions. I can rotate to the angle I want instantly using Rigidbody.MoveRotation(Vector3 target);, but I can't seem to find a way to do the above as a rotation.
Note: Vector3.Distance is the only thing stopping jitter. Has anyone got any ideas?
First of all MoveRotation doesn't take a Vector3 but rather a Quaternion.
Then in general your jitter might come from overshooting - you might be moving further than the distance between your player and target actually is.
You can avoid that bit by using Vector3.MoveTowards which prevents any overshooting of the target position like e.g.
Rigidbody rb;
float playerSpeed;
Vector3 targetPos;
// in general ONLY g through the Rigidbody as soon as dealing wit Physics
// do NOT go through transform at all
var currentPosition = rb.position;
// This moves with linear speed towards the target WITHOUT overshooting
// Note: It is recommended to always use "Time.deltaTime". It is correct also during "FixedUpdate"
var newPosition = Vector3.MoveTowards(currentPosition, targetPos, playerSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
rb.MovePosition(newPosition);
// [optionally]
// Note: Vector3 == Vector3 uses approximation with a precision of 1e-5
if(rb.position == targetPos)
{
Debug.Log("Arrived at target!");
}
Then you can simply apply this same concept also to rotation by going through the equivalent Quaternion.RotateTowards basically just the same approach
Rigidbody rb;
float anglePerSecond;
Quaternion targetRotation;
var currentRotation = rb.rotation;
var newRotation = Quaternion.RotateTowards(currentRotation, targetRotation, anglePerSecond * Time.deltaTime);
rb.MoveRotation(newRotation);
// [optionally]
// tests whether dot product is close to 1
if(rb.rotation == targetRotation)
{
Debug.Log("Arrived at rotation!");
}
You can go one step further and use a tweeting library to tween between rotations.
DOTween
With that you can call it like this:
rigidbody.DoRotate(target, 1f) to rotate to target in 1 second.
Or even add callbacks.
rigidbody.DoRotate(target, 1f).OnComplete(//any method or lambda you want)
If at some point you want to cancel the tween yuou can save it on a variable and then call tween.Kill();
So, you want to animate the rotation value over time until it reaches a certain value.
Inside the Update method, you can use the Lerp method to keep rotating the object to a point, but you will never really reach this point if you use Lerp. It will keep rotating forever (always closer to the point).
You can use the following:
private bool rotating = true;
public void Update()
{
if (rotating)
{
Vector3 to = new Vector3(20, 20, 20);
if (Vector3.Distance(transform.eulerAngles, to) > 0.01f)
{
transform.eulerAngles = Vector3.Lerp(transform.rotation.eulerAngles, to, Time.deltaTime);
}
else
{
transform.eulerAngles = to;
rotating = false;
}
}
}
So, if the distance between the current object angle and the desired angle is greater than 0.01f, it jumps right to the desired position and stop executing the Lerp method.
I know this question is already asked a few times, but didn't find it in the way of my code.
In the movement of my playerObject I consider the direction the Camera is looking to atm.
What I want to do is to slow down the speed of the movement, but it doesn't work with the walkSpeed I use.
I also want to smooth the movement (start and end).
public void UpdateMovement()
{
Vector2 targetDir = new Vector2(Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal"), Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical")); //In targetDir the direction the Player wants to move to is saved -> player presses W means forward
// targetDir = Vector2.ClampMagnitude(targetDir, 1);
Vector3 camForward = cam.forward; //camForward saves the direction, the cam is looking actually
Vector3 camRight = cam.right; //camRight saves the actual right side of the cam
camForward.y = 0.0f; //y=0 because we don't want to fly or go into the ground
camRight.y = 0.0f;
camForward = camForward.normalized;
camRight = camRight.normalized;
transform.position += (camForward * targetDir.y + camRight * targetDir.x) * walkSpeed * Time.deltaTime;
I'm not sure exactly about what the context of what you're trying to do here is, but I think you're looking for Vector2.Lerp().
The way you use it is to first calculate a target position as a Vector. So,
Vector2 target = new Vector2(targetX, targetY)
I'll let you figure out what targetX and targetY are, based on wherever you're trying to move the thing you're moving.
Then you would come up with the speed, which is what you're pretty much already doing. Like so:
float speed = walkSpeed * Time.deltatime;
Finally, instead of setting the position directly, you use the Lerp function instead.
transform.position = Vector2.Lerp(transform.position, target, speed);
I didn't test any of this, and just wrote it on the fly, but I'm pretty sure this is what you're looking for.
I wrote a script you can try to create a cube, I'm sorry because I'm also a unity3d newbie, but I hope it helps you
private Transform player;
Vector3 toposition;//interpolation
void Start(){
player = this.transform;
toposition = new Vector3(0,5,0);
}
// Start is called before the first frame update
void Update(){
if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.W)){
UpdateMovement();
}
}
public void UpdateMovement(){
player.transform.position = Vector3.Lerp(transform.position, toposition, Time.deltaTime * 5f);
}
I'm trying to add dashing to the player in a Diablo-esque game I'm working on, and it "works" where you can dash towards your cursor.
if (isDashing)
{
Ray ray = cam.ScreenPointToRay(Input.mousePosition);
RaycastHit hit;
if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit, 100, movementMask))
{
motor.MoveToPoint(hit.point);
motor.speed = 150;
}
}
I get the mouse position, then move to that position with enormous velocity. MoveToPoint() function uses NavMeshAgent's SetDestination(point) function and this again "works" but the problem is naturally there isn't a limit to how far you can dash. You can have the mouse way over at the end of the screen and the character will still dash there.
I figured I should be using a Vector3 to define the limits of the dash, but I can't quite nail it down. I get the direction below and then apply the magnitude, but it does not work how I imagined it would.
if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit, 100, movementMask))
{
float mag = (hit.point - transform.position).magnitude;
if (mag < dashLength)
{
Vector3 dir = (hit.point - transform.position).normalized;
Vector3 newVector = dir * (dashLength - mag);
motor.MoveToPoint(newVector);
}
else
motor.MoveToPoint(hit.point);
motor.agent.speed = 150;
}
Any help would be appreciated
The main issue here is that you are treating a movement vector like a position. You want to start a the current transform.position and ADD the movement vector you calculated.
Further instead of extracting and checking the magnitude you can simply use Vector3.ClampMagnitude to keep the direction but make sure that the magnitude is not greater than your dashLength like e.g.
if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit, 100, movementMask))
{
// Calculate the difference only once
var movement = hit.point - transform.position;
// Make sure that delta has a maximum magnitude of dashLength
movement = Vector3.ClampMagnitude(delta, dashLength);
// MoveToPoint expects a position not only the movement vector
// so you start at your current position and add the movement
var newPosition = transform.position + movement;
motor.MoveToPoint(newPosition);
motor.agent.speed = 150;
}
In unity, I am using ScreenToWorldPoint to move my object with my mouse, but the DrawRay from my transform to the ScreenPoint returns behind my camera for some reason. I've tried testing and finding out the reason but I just have no idea; here is my code:
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class ScreenToWorldPointTest : MonoBehaviour {
public GameObject obj;
public Vector3 objDist;
public Vector3 objDistFwd;
public float moveSpeed = .1f;
void Start() {
obj = GameObject.Find("ChessKnightWhite");
}
void Update() {
Vector3 objPos = obj.transform.position;
objDist = objPos - transform.position;
objDistFwd = new Vector3(objDist.x * transform.forward.x, objDist.y * transform.forward.y, objDist.z * transform.forward.z);
Vector3 screenPoint = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(new Vector3(Input.mousePosition.x, Input.mousePosition.y, objDistFwd.magnitude)
Vector3 move = Vector3.lerp(screenPoint, transform.position, moveSpeed);
Debug.DrawRay(transform.position, screenPoint, Color.Green);
if(Input.GetMouseButton(0)) {
obj.transform.position = move - new Vector3(0, .5f, 0);
}
}
}
and usually, this works fine; the ray ends at the object (well, not at the object if it's being moved, but if it (the mouse) is still it would be at the object) and the object moves whenever and wherever I want it to, keeping the same distance from me (forwardly, where it's not the same distance but, say, the transform is normal (0, 0, 1), it will stay at 1 on the z-axis). But sometimes (observed at camera/player is at 0, 15, -10 -- with a rotation of 60 on the x -- and the object is at 0, 1, 0) the ray is behind me! and what's even weirder, is instead of going to where the Ray ends, it stays a little bit in front of the camera?! I thought, "maybe the z on ScreenToWorldPoint is negative?", but it cant be, because the x, z, and y are squared and added together to get magnitude. and printing it out even confirms this, but for some reason, it changes when I move the mouse sometimes. I have no idea what's causing this, so any insight would be very helpful (please also, if you can, include an explanation or any information as to why this might happen).
so after a while I realized that Pluto was right, I needed to use dot product instead of the magnitude of (xa * xb, ya * yb, za * zb). Sorry Pluto, thanks for your help and your patience with me
I'm working on a simple AR Vuforia application. How can I implement the rotation of an object along all three axes with one finger swipe?
The code I'm currently using has one bug: the rotation of the object depends on its local axes. For example, if I look at the object from the front, everything works as it should, but if I look at the object from the back side, the finger swipe upwards makes it rotate downwards and vice versa.
Here is this script:
public float rotSpeed = 30f;
void OnMouseDrag()
{
float rotX = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X")*rotSpeed*Mathf.Deg2Rad;
float rotY = Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y")*rotSpeed*Mathf.Deg2Rad;
transform.Rotate(Vector3.up, -rotX);
transform.Rotate(Vector3.right, -rotY);
}
This is not what I need, how can I rotate the object according to the finger swipe direction regardless of the angle from which I look at it?
Update
A simple non-AR example, which may help you understand what I need is an iOS game "Space Frontier 2". After a successful launch of the rocket, it lands on the planet and you can rotate the planet with your finger swipe.
Here is the video demo: https://youtu.be/OiNPP1WNIAI
This works nice regardless of your object's rotation, and regardless of your camera position relative to the object:
public float rotSpeed = 30f;
void OnMouseDrag()
{
float rotX = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * rotSpeed;
float rotY = Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * rotSpeed;
Camera camera = Camera.main;
Vector3 right = Vector3.Cross(camera.transform.up, transform.position - camera.transform.position);
Vector3 up = Vector3.Cross(transform.position - camera.transform.position, right);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.AngleAxis(-rotX, up) * transform.rotation;
transform.rotation = Quaternion.AngleAxis(rotY, right) * transform.rotation;
}
Make sure your camera has the "MainCamera" tag, or assign the camera externally if necessary.
I do not have the exact code with me right now.
But if you did not update your point of view coordinates, this should be the expected result.
Consider a real ball with 2 colors, blue and red, separated vertically.
When you are in front of it, seeing only the blue side, stroking it up will make the blue side go up and the red side appear from the bottom.
Now move behind it, seeing only the red side, and stroke it up again.
The blue face will go down and appear from the bottom.
Unity applies physics to virtual objects the same way we interact with real objects.
So you need to consider your camera position with the object orientation when you apply movements to it.
You need to apply a transformation matrix to your movement based on your camera location related to the object origin orientation.
I hope this is clear enough to put you on tracks to fix it.
I think you have to somehow clamp the rotation to have the desired behaviour. I wrote a script recently to do just that. I did a little modification though.
public float rotSpeed = 30f;
float ClampAngle(float _angle, float _min, float _max)
{
if (_angle < 0f) _angle = 360 + _angle;
if (_angle > 180f) Mathf.Max(_angle, 360 + _min);
return Mathf.Min(_angle, _max);
}
USAGE:
void RotateGameObject()
{
float h = Input.GetTouch(0).deltaPosition.x * Time.deltaTime * rotSpeed*Mathf.Deg2Rad;
float v = Input.GetTouch(0).deltaPosition.y * Time.deltaTime * rotSpeed*Mathf.Deg2Rad;
Vector3 rot = transform.rotation.eulerAngles + new Vector3(-v, h, 0f);
//Change the y & z values to match your expected behaviour.
rot.x = ClampAngle(rot.x, -5f, 20f);
//Clamp rotation on the y-axis
rot.y = ClampAngle(rot.y, -20f, 20f);
transform.eulerAngles = rot;
}
See if that works and of course, try to play with the values.